Python：logging日志模块

一、将日志打印到屏幕

1.2 logging概述

logging是python的日志模块。

logging日志等级：

      CRITICAL 50
      ERROR 40
      WARNING 30
      INFO 20
      DEBUG 10
      NOTSET 0

默认等级为：WARNING

1.2 代码

#!/usr/bin/env python

import logging

logging.debug("This is debug message")
logging.info("This is info message")
logging.warning("This is warning message")

1.3 运行结果

二、通过logging.basicConfig设置日志等级及输出格式等

2.1 logging.basicConfig概述

format、datefmt各字段，见logging官网文档：https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html?highlight=logging#module-logging

2.2 代码

#!/usr/bin/env python

import logging

#logging.basicConfig
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename="/opt/python-test/my.log",
                filemode="w")

logging.debug("This is debug message")
logging.info("This is info message")
logging.warning("This is warning message")

2.3 运行结果

三、将日志同时输出到日志和屏幕

3.1. logging.StreamHandler概述

继承自logging：

StreamHandler 将日志输出到流，像sys.stdout,sys.stderr等

FileHandler 将日志输出到磁盘文件

NullHandler 将日志不输出

继承自logging.handlers：

WatchedFileHandler 监控日志文件，如果关闭了，重新打开

继承自logging.handlers：

SocketHandler 将日志输出到网络，通过TCP

DatagramHandler 将日志输出到网络，通过UDP

SysLogHandler将日志发送到远程或本地的Unix syslog

NTEventLogHandler 将日志发送到Windows event log

SMTPHandler 将日志发送到邮箱，通过SMTP

MemoryHandler

HTTPHandler 将日志发送到Web服务器，通过GET或POST

QueueHandler

QueueListener

3.2 代码

#!/usr/bin/env python

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename="/opt/python-test/my.log",
                filemode="w")

#logging.StreamHandler()
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)

logging.debug("This is debug message")
logging.info("This is info message")
logging.warning("This is warning message")

3.3 运行结果

四、日志回滚

4.1 RotatingFileHandler概述

继承自logging.handlers：

BaseRotatingHandler 磁盘文件切割的基类

RotatingFileHandler 磁盘文件切割

TimedRotatingFileHandler 磁盘文件切割，按时间间隔切割

4.2 代码

#!/usr/bin/env python

import logging
from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler #RotatingFileHandler

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
                format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
                filename="/opt/python-test/my.log",
                filemode="w")

console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)

#RotatingFileHandler
rotate = RotatingFileHandler("myrotate.log", maxBytes=30, backupCount=2)
rotate.setLevel(logging.INFO)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
rotate.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(rotate)

logging.debug("This is debug message")
logging.info("This is info message")
logging.warning("This is warning message")

4.3 运行结果

参考资料：

python的日志logging模块学习：http://www.cnblogs.com/dkblog/archive/2011/08/26/2155018.html

python的logging官网文档：https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html?highlight=logging#module-logging

python的logging.handlers官网文档：https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#logging.StreamHandler

Python：logging日志模块

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