consul 入门

consul是什么

consul包含多个组件，从整体上看可以理解为一个服务发现、配置的工具，包含一下几个特点:

服务发现(Service Discovery)：客户端通过consul提供服务，其他客户端可以通过consul利用dns或者http发现依赖服务
健康检查(Health Checking): consul提供任务的健康检查，可以用来操作或者监控集群的健康，也可以在服务发现时去除失效的服务
键值对存储(Key/Value Store): 存储层级键值对
多数据中心(Multi Datacenter): consul支持开箱即用的多数据中心

consul 安装

1.下载consul安装包并解压

wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/consul/0.6.4/consul_0.6.4_linux_amd64.zip
unzip consul_0.6.4_linux_amd64.zip

解压后得到可执行的二进制文件，执行./consul得到

usage: consul [--version] [--help] <command> [<args>]

Available commands are:
    agent          Runs a Consul agent
    configtest     Validate config file
    event          Fire a new event
    exec           Executes a command on Consul nodes
    force-leave    Forces a member of the cluster to enter the "left" state
    info           Provides debugging information for operators
    join           Tell Consul agent to join cluster
    keygen         Generates a new encryption key
    keyring        Manages gossip layer encryption keys
    leave          Gracefully leaves the Consul cluster and shuts down
    lock           Execute a command holding a lock
    maint          Controls node or service maintenance mode
    members        Lists the members of a Consul cluster
    monitor        Stream logs from a Consul agent
    reload         Triggers the agent to reload configuration files
    rtt            Estimates network round trip time between nodes
    version        Prints the Consul version
    watch          Watch for changes in Consul

表示consul成功安装,同时将consul所在目录配置到path ，例如这里consul在software努力下，进行如下配置

vim ~/.bash_profile

export GOROOT=/software/go
export GOPATH=/root/work
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$GOROOT/bin:/software

export PATH

source ~/.bash_profile

启动

首先下载web-ui

wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/consul/0.6.4/consul_0.6.4_web_ui.zip

通过下面命令启动consul

consul agent -server -bootstrap-expect 1 -data-dir /tmp/consul -advertise 120.76.145.187 -client 120.76.145.187 -ui-dir /software/consul-ui

server 表示启动的为consul server ，构建一个consul cluster 一般建议使用3或者5个consul server
bootstrap-expect 1 表示期望的服务节点数目为1
-data-dir 数据目录，如果该文件夹不存在则手工创建,如果在consul发生错误后，建议先清理该目录文件
advertise 设置广播地址,ip可以设置为公网ip
client 设置client访问的地址
ui-dir web控制台目录位置

注意通过advertise client 才能在WAN上访问consul，否则只能在LAN内访问.

官方给出的快捷启动为 consul agent -dev 如果想简单体验一下可以使用该命令

启动后访问http://ip:8500/ui得到如下界面

consul-ui

获取基本信息

获取consul server集群中的成员列表

使用命令方式

如果以局域网中，直接使用 consul members
如果是广域网中,使用 consul members --rpc-addr=ip:8400
得到结果：

Node          Address              Status  Type    Build  Protocol  DC
iZ94235juoyZ  120.76.145.187:8301  alive   server  0.6.4  2         dc1

使用http接口方式

 curl 120.76.145.187:8500/v1/catalog/nodes

返回结果：

[{"Node":"iZ94235juoyZ","Address":"120.76.145.187","TaggedAddresses":{"wan":"120.76.145.187"},"CreateIndex":3,"ModifyIndex":4}]

通过dns方式

 dig @120.76.145.187 -p 8600 iZ94235juoyZ.node.consul

返回结果：

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.47.rc1.el6 <<>> @120.76.145.187 -p 8600 iZ94235juoyZ.node.consul
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 625
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;iZ94235juoyZ.node.consul.      IN      A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
iZ94235juoyZ.node.consul. 0     IN      A       120.76.145.187

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 120.76.145.187#8600(120.76.145.187)
;; WHEN: Wed Jun  1 21:24:31 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 82

ok ~ it’s work ! more about is here

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consul(第一篇)consul 入门