Flask学习笔记（大型程序结构）

1、项目结构

|-FFlask
    |-config.py
    |-manage.py
    |-app/
        |-templates/
            |-base.html
            |-index.html
            |-404.html
            |-500.html
        |-static/
            |-images/
                |-404.jpg
        |-main/
            |-__intit__.py
            |-errors.py
            |-forms.py
            |-views.py
        |-__init__.py
        |-models.py

2、程序

配置文件

 1 import os
 2 
 3 basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
 4 
 5 class Config:
 6     SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY') or '1'
 7     SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql+pymysql://root:[email protected]/world?charset=utf8'
 8 #    orm操作自动commit
 9 #    SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN = True
10     SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = True
11     @staticmethod
12     def init_app(app):
13         pass

config.py

使用工厂函数完成初始化，在调用create_app()时创建app，并在函数中注册蓝本，完成配置等所有的初始化工作

 1 from flask import Flask,render_template
 2 from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
 3 from config import Config
 4 
 5 db = SQLAlchemy()
 6 
 7 def create_app():
 8     app = Flask(__name__)
 9     app.config.from_object(Config)
10     Config.init_app(app)
11     db.init_app(app)
12     from .main import main as main_blueprint
13     app.register_blueprint(main_blueprint)
14     return app

app/__init__.py

创建蓝本，蓝本就是app01、app02这种子程序

1 from flask import Blueprint
2 
3 main = Blueprint('main',__name__)
4 from . import views,errors

app/main/__init__/py

蓝本中的错误处理程序

 1 from flask import render_template
 2 from . import main
 3 
 4 @main.app_errorhandler(404)
 5 def page_not_found(e):
 6     return render_template('404.html'),404
 7 
 8 @main.app_errorhandler(500)
 9 def internal_server_error(e):
10     return render_template('500.html'),500

app/main/errors.py

蓝本中的主逻辑

 1 from datetime import datetime
 2 from  flask import render_template,session,redirect,url_for
 3 
 4 from . import main
 5 from .forms import NameForm
 6 from .. import db
 7 from .. import models
 8 
 9 @main.route('/',methods=['GET','POST'])
10 def index():
11     form = NameForm()
12     if form.validate_on_submit():
13         session['name'] = form.name.data
14         session['ip'] = form.ip.data
15         form.name.data=''
16         form.ip.data=''
17         return redirect(url_for('.index'))
18     return render_template('index.html',form=form,name=session.get('name'),ip=session.get('ip'))

app/main/views.py

蓝本的模型

 1 from app import db
 2 
 3 
 4 class Role(db.Model):
 5     __tablename__ = 'roles'
 6     id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key=True)
 7     name = db.Column(db.String(64),unique=True)
 8     users = db.relationship('User',backref='role')
 9     def __repr__(self):
10         return '<Role %r>'%self.name
11 
12 class User(db.Model):
13     __tablename__ = 'users'
14     id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key=True)
15     username = db.Column(db.String(64),unique=True,index=True)
16     role_id = db.Column(db.Integer,db.ForeignKey('roles.id'))
17     def __repr__(self):
18         return '<Role %r>'%self.username

app/main/models.py

蓝本的forms

1 from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
2 from wtforms import StringField,SubmitField
3 from wtforms.validators import DataRequired,IPAddress
4 
5 
6 class NameForm(FlaskForm):
7     name = StringField('你叫啥：',validators=[DataRequired()])
8     ip = StringField('IP地址：',validators=[IPAddress()])
9     submit = SubmitField('提交;-)')

app/main/forms.py

蓝本中的html

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     {% block head %}
 6     <title>----{% block title %}{% endblock %}----</title>
 7     {% endblock %}
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <p>Flask的Base页面</p>
11     {% block body %}
12     {% endblock %}
13 </body>
14 </html>

base.html

 1 {% extends 'base.html' %}
 2 <!--head在基模板中不是空的，使用super()获取原本内容-->
 3 {% block head %}{{ super() }}{% endblock %}
 4 {% block title %}首页{% endblock %}
 5 {% block body %}
 6     <p>首页的body</p>
 7     <div>
 8     Hello!{{ name }}--{{ ip }}
 9     </div>
10     <div>
11     <form method="post" action="">
12         {{ form.hidden_tag() }}
13         {{ form.name.label }}{{ form.name() }}<br>
14         {{ form.ip.label }}{{ form.ip() }}<br>
15         {{ form.submit() }}
16     </form>
17     </div>
18 {% endblock %}

index.html

1 {% extends 'base.html' %}
2 {% block head %}{{ super() }}{% endblock %}
3 {% block title %}404{% endblock %}
4 {% block body %}
5     <image src="{{ url_for('static',filename='images/404.jpg') }}"></image>
6 {% endblock %}

404.html

1 {% extends 'base.html' %}
2 {% block head %}{{ super() }}{% endblock %}
3 {% block title %}500{% endblock %}
4 {% block body %}<h1>500</h1>{% endblock %}

500.html

启动脚本

1 import os
2 from app import create_app,db
3 from app.models import User,Role
4 
5 app = create_app()
6 
7 if __name__=='__main__':
8     app.run()

manage.py

3、结构化的项目是为了更好的管理文件，可读性更强，功能上与《基础》相同

Flask学习笔记（大型程序结构）

猜你喜欢