mysql搭建主从

1、主从服务器分别作以下操作:

  1.1、版本一致
  1.2、初始化表,并在后台启动mysql
  1.3、修改root的密码
 
数据库内容也要保证数据一致 //否则报错, Slave_SQL_Running: No Last_Errno: 1146 Last_Error: Error 'Table等错误

2、修改主服务器master:

   #vi /etc/my.cnf
       [mysqld]
       log-bin=mysql-bin   //[必须]启用二进制日志
       server-id=222      //[必须]服务器唯一ID,默认是1,一般取IP最后一段, 我喜欢给主1,给从其他的

3、修改从服务器slave:

   #vi /etc/my.cnf
       [mysqld]
       log-bin=mysql-bin   //[不是必须]启用二进制日志
       server-id=226      //[必须]服务器唯一ID,默认是1,一般取IP最后一段

4、重启两台服务器的mysql

  /etc/init.d/mysql restart   //并不是很喜欢这种方式

我更喜欢/usr/local/bin/...启动, 杀进程结束

5、在主服务器上建立帐户并授权slave:

 mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'q123456'; 

具体看上一个博客里面有解释, 这里注意, 两个服务器都要给授权, 而且容易出现10038情况, MySQL目录里面有,可以参考
1. 两个服务器都要给授权
2. 都要改初始密码
3. 记得刷新 flash ...

6、登录主服务器的mysql,查询master的状态

   mysql>show master status;
   +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
   | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
   +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
   | mysql-bin.000004 |      308 |              |                  |
   +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
   1 row in set (0.00 sec)
   注:执行完此步骤后不要再操作主服务器MYSQL,防止主服务器状态值变化

7、配置从服务器Slave:

   mysql>change master to master_host='192.168.145.222',master_user='mysync',master_password='q123456',
         master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',master_log_pos=308;   //注意不要断开,308数字前后无单引号。

   Mysql>start slave;    //启动从服务器复制功能  停止怎么执行命令呢? stop slave;

参数参考

CHANGE MASTER TO option [, option] ...
 
 
option:
    MASTER_BIND = 'interface_name'
  | MASTER_HOST = 'host_name'
  | MASTER_USER = 'user_name'
  | MASTER_PASSWORD = 'password'
  | MASTER_PORT = port_num
  | MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY = interval
  | MASTER_RETRY_COUNT = count
  | MASTER_DELAY = interval
  | MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD = interval
  | MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'master_log_name'
  | MASTER_LOG_POS = master_log_pos
  | MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = {0|1}
  | RELAY_LOG_FILE = 'relay_log_name'
  | RELAY_LOG_POS = relay_log_pos
  | MASTER_SSL = {0|1}
  | MASTER_SSL_CA = 'ca_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CAPATH = 'ca_directory_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CERT = 'cert_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CRL = 'crl_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH = 'crl_directory_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_KEY = 'key_file_name'
  | MASTER_SSL_CIPHER = 'cipher_list'
  | MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT = {0|1}
  | IGNORE_SERVER_IDS = (server_id_list)
 
 
server_id_list:
    [server_id [, server_id] ... ]

8、检查从服务器复制功能状态:

 mysql> show slave status\G
   *************************** 1. row ***************************

              Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
              Master_Host: 192.168.2.222  //主服务器地址
              Master_User: mysync   //授权帐户名,尽量避免使用root
              Master_Port: 3306    //数据库端口,部分版本没有此行
              Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
              Read_Master_Log_Pos: 600     //#同步读取二进制日志的位置,大于等于Exec_Master_Log_Pos
              Relay_Log_File: ddte-relay-bin.000003
              Relay_Log_Pos: 251
              Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
              Slave_IO_Running: Yes    //此状态必须YES    ---》 这两步很关键
              Slave_SQL_Running: Yes     //此状态必须YES    ----》 这两步很关键

 这不就有问题了,两个服务器数据不一致造成的

 注:Slave_IO及Slave_SQL进程必须正常运行,即YES状态,否则都是错误的状态(如:其中一个NO均属错误)。

以上操作过程,主从服务器配置完成。

9、主从服务器测试:

 主服务器Mysql,建立数据库,并在这个库中建表插入一条数据:

 mysql> create database hi_db;
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

  mysql> use hi_db;
  Database changed

  mysql>  create table hi_tb(id int(3),name char(10));
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
  mysql> insert into hi_tb values(001,'bobu');
  Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

  mysql> show databases;
   +--------------------+
   | Database           |
   +--------------------+
   | information_schema |
   | hi_db                |
   | mysql                |
   | test                 |
   +--------------------+
   4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
View Code

从服务器Mysql查询:

  mysql> show databases;

   +--------------------+
   | Database               |
   +--------------------+
   | information_schema |
   | hi_db                 |       //I'M here,大家看到了吧
   | mysql                 |
   | test          |

   +--------------------+
   4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

   mysql> use hi_db
   Database changed
   mysql> select * from hi_tb;           //查看主服务器上新增的具体数据
   +------+------+
   | id   | name |
   +------+------+
   |    1 | bobu |
   +------+------+
   1 row in set (0.00 sec)
 
View Code

10、完成

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/renfanzi/p/9771622.html