Oracle 12c R1 Plug/Unplug 迁移PDB实验（1）： 插拔 RAC PDB到 Non-RAC PDB

实验目标：

• 将RAC环境的PDB插拔后迁移到非RAC环境

实验环境：

• 数据库：Oracle 12c R1 
• 操作系统：Oracle Linux 7.3

实验步骤：

1、源端环境准备

为本次实验克隆一个PDB

克隆步骤可参考https://blog.csdn.net/ogdkevin/article/details/83107092

2、源端拔出PDB[问题1]

在CDB中操作，关闭PDB后，拔出PDB生成XML文件

SQL>  alter pluggable database pdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb2 unplug into '/home/oracle/pdb2.xml'; 

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> drop pluggable database pdb2 keep datafiles;

Pluggable database dropped.

3、目标端创建PDB的datafile目录

#oracle用户运行
[oracle@oracle12c ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/pdb2

4、传输源端datafile和xml文件到目标端

源端datafile位置可以查看unplug生成的xml文件

5、验证待插入PDB的兼容性

SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
SQL> DECLARE
  2    v_result BOOLEAN;
  3  BEGIN
  4    v_result := DBMS_PDB.check_plug_compatibility(
  5                  pdb_descr_file => '/home/oracle/pdb2.xml',
  6                  pdb_name       => 'PDB2');
  7   
  8    IF v_result THEN
  9      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('compatible');
 10    ELSE
 11      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('incompatible');
 12    END IF;
 13  END;
 14  /
compatible

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

6、插入PDB[问题2]

--PDB名称可以和原来的不同
--如果datafile都在同一个目录，只需要指定目录
SQL> create pluggable database pdb2 as clone  using '/home/oracle/pdb2.xml'    
  2   source_file_directory = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pdb2'
  3  file_name_convert=NONE  NOCOPY tempfile reuse;

Pluggable database created.

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         4 PDB2                           MOUNTED

7、打开PDB并检查插入的PDB是否有问题，查看PDB_PLUG_IN_VIOLATIONS表[问题3]

--查看DB的trace log也能看到相关提示

***************************************************************
WARNING: Pluggable Database PDB2 with pdb id - 4 is
         altered with errors or warnings. Please look into
         PDB_PLUG_IN_VIOLATIONS view for more details.
***************************************************************

SQL> set lin 200
SQL> col name for a10 
SQL> col cause for a20 
SQL> col message for a100 
SQL> select name,cause,type,message,status from pdb_plug_in_violations order by name; 

NAME       CAUSE                TYPE      MESSAGE                                                                                              STATUS
---------- -------------------- --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
PDB2       OPTION               WARNING   Database option RAC mismatch: PDB installed version 12.1.0.2.0. CDB installed version NULL.          PENDING
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter sga_max_size mismatch: Previous 2G Current 1584M                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter memory_target mismatch: Previous 2G Current 1584M                                      RESOLVED
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter memory_max_target mismatch: Previous 2G Current 1584M                                  RESOLVED
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter cluster_database mismatch: Previous TRUE Current FALSE                                 RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 19769480 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 20299023 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 20831110 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 21359755 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 21948354 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 22291127 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED

NAME       CAUSE                TYPE      MESSAGE                                                                                              STATUS
---------- -------------------- --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 23054246 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 24006101 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 24732082 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 25171037 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 25755742 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 26609783 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 26713565 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 26925311 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 27338020 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 27338041 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED

21 rows selected.

STATUS状态RESOLVED的不用处理，只要看状态为PENDING，这里只有一条为OPTIN的问题。

因为是从RAC环境插拔过来的，目标环境不是RAC，注意只需要把这个RAC选项关掉。

8、切换到PDB2，关掉RAC选项

SQL> alter session set container=pdb2;

Session altered.

SQL> exec dbms_registry.OPTION_OFF('RAC'); 

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

9、重新关闭和启动，再检查是否还有问题

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb2 close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb2 open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> select name,cause,type,message,status from pdb_plug_in_violations order by name; 

NAME       CAUSE                TYPE      MESSAGE                                                                                              STATUS
---------- -------------------- --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
PDB2       OPTION               WARNING   Database option RAC mismatch: PDB installed version 12.1.0.2.0. CDB installed version NULL.          RESOLVED
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter sga_max_size mismatch: Previous 2G Current 1584M                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter memory_target mismatch: Previous 2G Current 1584M                                      RESOLVED
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter memory_max_target mismatch: Previous 2G Current 1584M                                  RESOLVED
PDB2       Parameter            WARNING   CDB parameter cluster_database mismatch: Previous TRUE Current FALSE                                 RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 19769480 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 20299023 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 20831110 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 21359755 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 21948354 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 22291127 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED

NAME       CAUSE                TYPE      MESSAGE                                                                                              STATUS
---------- -------------------- --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 23054246 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 24006101 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 24732082 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 25171037 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 25755742 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 26609783 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 26713565 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 26925311 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 27338020 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED
PDB2       Oracle Opatch        WARNING   Oracle opatch mismatch: opatch 27338041 is missing in the CDB.                                       RESOLVED

21 rows selected.

全部的状态都是RESOLVED，检查trace log也没用了相关警告！

至此，PDB迁移完成！

---

可能存在问题及解决办法：

问题1、unplug出错：

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb2 unplug into '/home/oracle/pdb2.xml'; 
alter pluggable database pdb2 unplug into '/home/oracle/pdb2.xml'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65025: Pluggable database PDB2 is not closed on all instances.

解决办法：需要先关闭PDB才可以unplug。

问题2、如果datafile不在同一目录，或者要对datafile重新命名的，使用source_file_name_convert指定每一个datafile

create pluggable database pdb2 as clone  using '/home/oracle/pdb2.xml'    
 source_file_name_convert = (
 '+DG_DATA/RACDB/783C262E9F5EC362E0531F05160A3313/DATAFILE/system.278.989576727',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pdb1/system.278.989576727',
 '+DG_DATA/RACDB/783C262E9F5EC362E0531F05160A3313/DATAFILE/sysaux.271.989576727',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pdb1/sysaux.271.989576727',
'+DG_DATA/RACDB/783C262E9F5EC362E0531F05160A3313/DATAFILE/users.276.989576727',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pdb1/users.276.989576727',
'+DG_DATA/RACDB/783C262E9F5EC362E0531F05160A3313/TEMPFILE/temp.279.989576733',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/pdb1/temp.276.989576727')
file_name_convert=NONE  NOCOPY tempfile reuse;

问题3、如果不想出现补丁或者参数这些warning出现，可以修改xml文件才进行插入操作。

解决办法：

• 修改参数值和目标设置的参数值一样，如下

<parameters>
      <parameter>processes=300</parameter>
      <parameter>sga_max_size=2147483648</parameter>
      <parameter>memory_target=2147483648</parameter>
      <parameter>memory_max_target=2147483648</parameter>
      <parameter>db_block_size=8192</parameter>
      <parameter>compatible='12.1.0.2.0'</parameter>
      <parameter>cluster_database=TRUE</parameter>
      <parameter>open_cursors=300</parameter>
      <parameter>enable_pluggable_database=TRUE</parameter>
    </parameters>

• 删除目标端不存在的补丁集，如下：

 <opatches>
      <opatch>19769480</opatch>
      <opatch>20299023</opatch>
      <opatch>20831110</opatch>
      <opatch>21359755</opatch>
      <opatch>21948354</opatch>
      <opatch>22291127</opatch>
      <opatch>23054246</opatch>
      <opatch>24006101</opatch>
      <opatch>24732082</opatch>
      <opatch>25171037</opatch>
      <opatch>25755742</opatch>
      <opatch>26609783</opatch>
      <opatch>26713565</opatch>
      <opatch>26925311</opatch>
      <opatch>27338020</opatch>
      <opatch>27338041</opatch>
    </opatches>

---

参考：

• Database Option In The PDB Or The CDB Database Option RAC Mismatch (文档 ID 2415014.1)