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cpu
查看cpu统计信息：lscpu
sunld@ubuntu:~$ lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 2
On-line CPU(s) list: 0,1
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1
Socket(s): 2
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 78
Stepping: 3
CPU MHz: 2208.001
BogoMIPS: 4416.00
Hypervisor vendor: VMware
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 4096K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,1
查看cpu详细信息
查看/proc/cpuinfo,可以知道每个cpu信息，如每个CPU的型号，主频等
sunld@ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 78
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6650U CPU @ 2.20GHz
stepping : 3
microcode : 0x9e
cpu MHz : 2208.001
cache size : 4096 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 1
core id : 0
cpu cores : 1
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dtherm fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid rtm rdseed adx smap
bogomips : 4416.00
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
内存
概要查看内存情况free
sunld@ubuntu:~$ free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3939 3638 300 0 162 323
-/+ buffers/cache: 3152 786
Swap: 4093 1578 2515查看内存详细信息/proc/meminfo
sunld@ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 4033556 kB
MemFree: 306936 kB
Buffers: 166712 kB
Cached: 331636 kB
SwapCached: 299620 kB
Active: 2331600 kB
Inactive: 1062504 kB
Active(anon): 2053544 kB
Inactive(anon): 849932 kB
Active(file): 278056 kB
Inactive(file): 212572 kB
Unevictable: 26796 kB
Mlocked: 26796 kB
SwapTotal: 4192252 kB
SwapFree: 2576332 kB
Dirty: 0 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 2848464 kB
Mapped: 28120 kB
Shmem: 524 kB
Slab: 167448 kB
SReclaimable: 95636 kB
SUnreclaim: 71812 kB
KernelStack: 7320 kB
PageTables: 35916 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 6209028 kB
Committed_AS: 7765408 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 205528 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359510948 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 260096 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 128832 kB
DirectMap2M: 4065280 kB
DirectMap1G: 2097152 kB查看内存硬件信息dmidecode -t memory
Handle 0x01F0, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0025
Error Information Handle: No Error
Total Width: 32 bits
Data Width: 32 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: NVD #13
Bank Locator: NVD #13
Type: Other
Type Detail: Unknown
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: Not Specified
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
磁盘
查看硬盘和分区分布lsblk
root@ubuntu:~# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 60G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 56G 0 part /
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 1G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 564M 0 rom
loop0 7:0 0 10G 0 loop
loop1 7:1 0 10G 0 loop
├─stack--volumes--lvmdriver--1-volume--60d56fd9--338d--485f--a317--dd0e673f6b54 (dm-0) 252:0 0 1G 0 lvm
└─stack--volumes--lvmdriver--1-volume--dacef394--578c--4c15--bfca--a3b1aec2f675 (dm-4) 252:4 0 1G 0 lvm 查看硬盘和分区的详细信息fdisk -l
root@ubuntu:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders, total 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0001336d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 117440511 58719232 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 117442558 125827071 4192257 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 117442560 125827071 4192256 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/mapper/stack--volumes--lvmdriver--1-volume--60d56fd9--338d--485f--a317--dd0e673f6b54: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders, total 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/stack--volumes--lvmdriver--1-volume--60d56fd9--338d--485f--a317--dd0e673f6b54 doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/mapper/stack--volumes--lvmdriver--1-volume--dacef394--578c--4c15--bfca--a3b1aec2f675: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders, total 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/stack--volumes--lvmdriver--1-volume--dacef394--578c--4c15--bfca--a3b1aec2f675 doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders, total 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
网卡
查看网卡硬件信息lspci | grep -i ‘eth’
root@ubuntu:~# lspci | grep -i 'eth'
02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)
02:06.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)
02:07.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)
查看系统的所有网络接口
ifconfig -a
root@ubuntu:~# ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:2d:d4:23
inet addr:192.168.209.134 Bcast:192.168.209.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2d:d423/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:662968 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:182090 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:889426243 (889.4 MB) TX bytes:41831851 (41.8 MB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:2d:d4:2d
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2d:d42d/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:483 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:28 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:43902 (43.9 KB) TX bytes:2952 (2.9 KB)
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:2d:d4:37
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2d:d437/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:480 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:29 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:43722 (43.7 KB) TX bytes:3022 (3.0 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:10649958 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10649958 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:3714430951 (3.7 GB) TX bytes:3714430951 (3.7 GB)
ip link show
root@ubuntu:~# ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2d:d4:23 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
13: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2d:d4:2d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
14: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2d:d4:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff查看某个接口的详细信息ethtool eth0
root@ubuntu:~# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 1000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
MDI-X: off (auto)
Supports Wake-on: d
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: yes其他
查看pci信息，即主板所有硬件槽信息：lspci
如果要更详细的信息:lspci -v 或者 lspci -vv
如果要看设备树:lscpi -t
root@ubuntu:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX Host bridge (rev 01)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge (rev 01)
00:07.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ISA (rev 08)
00:07.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE (rev 01)
00:07.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 08)
00:07.7 System peripheral: VMware Virtual Machine Communication Interface (rev 10)
00:0f.0 VGA compatible controller: VMware SVGA II Adapter
00:10.0 SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI (rev 01)
00:11.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI bridge (rev 02)
00:15.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:15.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:15.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:15.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:15.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:15.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:15.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:15.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:16.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:17.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.0 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.1 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.2 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.3 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.4 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.5 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.6 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
00:18.7 PCI bridge: VMware PCI Express Root Port (rev 01)
02:00.0 USB controller: VMware USB1.1 UHCI Controller
02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)
02:02.0 Multimedia audio controller: Ensoniq ES1371 / Creative Labs CT2518 [AudioPCI-97] (rev 02)
02:03.0 USB controller: VMware USB2 EHCI Controller
02:05.0 SATA controller: VMware SATA AHCI controller
02:06.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)
02:07.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)
查看bios信息dmidecode -t bios
root@ubuntu:~# dmidecode -t bios
# dmidecode 2.12
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD
Version: 6.00
Release Date: 07/02/2015
Address: 0xEA5E0
Runtime Size: 88608 bytes
ROM Size: 64 kB
Characteristics:
ISA is supported
PCI is supported
PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported
PNP is supported
APM is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
ESCD support is available
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
EDD is supported
Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
Serial services are supported (int 14h)
Printer services are supported (int 17h)
CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
ACPI is supported
Smart battery is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Function key-initiated network boot is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
BIOS Revision: 4.6
Firmware Revision: 0.0查看所有有用信息
dmidecode以一种可读的方式dump出机器的DMI(Desktop Management Interface)信息。这些信息包括了硬件以及BIOS，既可以得到当前的配置，也可以得到系统支持的最大配置，比如说支持的最大内存数等。
dmidecode -q
里面包含了很多硬件信息。