Nlog简单使用笔记

https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Configuration-file

通过NuGet程序包加载NLog

搜索nlog，选择NLogConfiguration进行安装

安装完成之后会自动加载一个配置名为NLog.config文件，即为NLog的配置文件

NLog能够通过自动加载配置文件的方式来进行配置，配置文件为xml格式

原版的配置文件说明：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd NLog.xsd"
      autoReload="true"
      throwExceptions="false"
      internalLogLevel="Off" internalLogFile="c:\temp\nlog-internal.log">
配置文件的根节点为<nlog/>，命名空间可供选择，命名空间：
xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
开启了vs中的智能感知功能，推荐使用这些命名空间。
 
  <!-- optional, add some variables
  https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Configuration-file#variables
  -->
  <variable name="myvar" value="myvalue"/>
Variable定义一些常用的变量，供下面的配置更方便
  <!--
  See https://github.com/nlog/nlog/wiki/Configuration-file
  for information on customizing logging rules and outputs.
   -->
  <targets>
 
    <!--
    add your targets here
    See https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Targets for possible targets.
    See https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Layout-Renderers for the possible layout renderers.
    -->
 
    <!--
    Write events to a file with the date in the filename.
    <target xsi:type="File" name="f" fileName="${basedir}/logs/${shortdate}.log"
            layout="${longdate} ${uppercase:${level}} ${message}" />
    -->
  </targets>
target部分定义日志的输出目标，每个目标中必须定义name/type两个属性，其他的属性根据输出目标进行选择性的配置，具体的配置选项参考文章开始处的GitHub网站。
  <rules>
    <!-- add your logging rules here -->
 
    <!--
    Write all events with minimal level of Debug (So Debug, Info, Warn, Error and Fatal, but not Trace)  to "f"
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="f" />
    -->
  </rules>
Rules部分定义了日志的路由规则，简单说就是配置某一个或者一类日志对象的输出目标，将日志对象通过target中的name元素进行关联，这样就设置了日志的输出方式
 
</nlog>

配置文件中可以包含如下几种元素：

<targets /> – defines log targets/outputs
<rules /> – defines log routing rules
<extensions /> – loads NLog extensions from the *.dll file
<include />– includes external configuration file
<variable /> – sets the value of a configuration variable

日志等级（降序）：

Level	Example
Fatal	Highest level: important stuff down
Error	For example application crashes / exceptions.
Warn	Incorrect behavior but the application can continue
Info	Normal behavior like mail sent, user updated profile etc.
Debug	Executed queries, user authenticated, session expired
Trace	Begin method X, end method X etc

<targets>
    <target xsi:type="Console" name="console" layout="${longdate} ${logger} ${level} ${message}"/>
    <target xsi:type="File" name="file" fileName="${basedir}/logs/${shortdate}.log"
            layout="${longdate} ${logger} ${level} ${message}"/>
  </targets>
 
  <rules>
    <logger name="hello" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="file"/>
    <logger name="world" minlevel="Info" writeTo="console"/>
  </rules>

namespace NLogStudy
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ILogger loggerHello = LogManager.GetLogger("hello");
            ILogger loggerWorld = LogManager.GetLogger("world");
 
            loggerHello.Debug("hello");
            loggerWorld.Debug("world");
            loggerWorld.Info("world");
 
        }
    }
}

如果将Nlog做成日志组件，那么需要将配置文件添加到启动项目中

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