计算机专业英语2013影印版第五章 Backup and Restore段

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backup and restore is a utility program included with the many versions of Windows that makes a copy of of all files or selected files that have been saved onto a disk.It helps to protect you from the effects of a disk failure.For example,you can select Backup and Restore from the Windows 7 Maintenance menu to create a backup for you hard disk as shown in Figure5-11.
备份和恢复是一个实用程序中包含的许多版本的Windows,复制选择的所有文件或文件保存到磁盘。它有助于保护你从磁盘故障的影响。例如,您可以从Windows 7维护菜单中选择备份和恢复为你创建一个备份硬盘,如图5-11。
When you surf the web,a variety of programs and files are saved on your hard disk.Many of these and other files are not essential.Disk Cleanup is a troubleshooting utility that identifies and eliminates nonessential files. This frees up valuable disk space and improves system performance.
当你在网上冲浪时,各种各样的程序和文件保存在硬盘上。这些和其他文件并不是必不可少的。磁盘清理是一个故障排除工具,识别和消除不必要的文件。这节省了宝贵的磁盘空间,提高系统性能。
For example,by selecting Disk Cleanup from the Windows 7 System Tools menu,you can eliminate unneeded on your hard disk as shown in Figure.
例如,通过选择从Windows 7系统磁盘清理工具菜单,您可以消除不必要的硬盘上,如图。
As we will discuss in detail in Chapter 8,files are stored and organized on a disk acorrding to tracks and sectors.A track is a concentric ring. Each track is divided into wedge-shaped sections called sectors.The operating system tries to save a files on a single track across contiguous sectors.Often,however ,this is not possible and the file has to be broken up,or fragmented, into small parts that are stored wherever space is available. Whenever a file is retrieved,it is reconstructed from the fragments.After a period of time,a hard disk becomes highly fraggmented,slowing operations.
正如我们将在第8章中详细讨论，文件被存储和组织在磁盘上根据轨道和部门的一个轨道是一个同心环。每个轨道分为楔形部分称为扇区，操作系统试图保存一个文件在连续的扇区单一。通常，然而，这是不可能的，该文件已被打破，或破碎成小部分，存储在可用空间。每当一个文件被检索时，它是从碎片重建的，经过一段时间后，硬盘变得高度分散，速度减慢。