在Adroid系统6.0以前,权限的处理是在App安装时授权,授权完了才能完成相关的安装。而在6.0的系统上,是先安装App,在安装完之后,在使用相关权限的操作时,才会弹出权限的提示框,用户同意授权之后才能正常使用。谷歌这样做,可以让用户更加清醒的认识相关权限的使用,在一定程度上更加人性化和保护了用户的隐私。
谷歌官方将权限分为了两类,一个是正常权限(Normal Permissions),这类权限不涉及用户隐私,是不需要用户进行授权的,比如访问网络,手机震动等。还有一类是危险权限(Dangerous Permissions),一般是涉及到用户隐私的,需要用户进行授权,比如操作SD卡的写入,相机,录音等。
Normal Permissions:
ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY
ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
BLUETOOTH
BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
BROADCAST_STICKY
CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE
CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
DISABLE_KEYGUARD
EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
INSTALL_SHORTCUT
INTERNET
KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES
MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS
NFC
READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
READ_SYNC_STATS
RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
REORDER_TASKS
REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
SET_ALARM
SET_TIME_ZONE
SET_WALLPAPER
SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
TRANSMIT_IR
UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT
USE_FINGERPRINT
VIBRATE
WAKE_LOCK
WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS
Dangerous Permissions:
group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
group:android.permission-group.PHONE
permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
permission:android.permission.CAMERA
group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
group:android.permission-group.SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
解决方法
看完官方文档,还好解决方案还不是太难,也不是非常麻烦,当然和以前相比还是有一点繁琐的。废话不多说了,解决方案如下。
检查系统版本
private boolean canMakeSmores(){
return(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1);
}
检查系统版本的原因,显而易见,如果是系统6.0及以上的,需要采用新的权限授权方法。
申请授权
举个例子,如果你需要拍照操作,那么你就应该在拍照操作的地方,先加上权限申请授权。方式如下:
String[] perms = {"android.permission.CAMERA"};
int permsRequestCode = 200;
requestPermissions(perms, permsRequestCode);
授权回调处理
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int permsRequestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults){
switch(permsRequestCode){
case 200:
boolean cameraAccepted = grantResults[0]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
if(cameraAccepted){
//授权成功之后,调用系统相机进行拍照操作等
}else{
//用户授权拒绝之后,友情提示一下就可以了
}
break;
}
}
进一步处理和完善
通过上面可以看出,只检查系统版本了,如果授权过的权限,还需要再次去授权么?我们的判断其实可以更完善一下,比如:
private boolean hasPermission(String permission){
if(canMakeSmores()){
return(checkSelfPermission(permission)==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
}
return true;
}