移植u-boot-2014.10
/***************************************************
*u-boot版本 ：u-boot-2014.10
*gcc版本 ：/home/flinn/tools/4.4.3/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-
*
*服务器 ：ubuntu14.05
*
*编译命令 ：make smdk2440_config;make
*Note(s) : 不要使用gcc-4.3.2（坑）
***************************************************/目录
一 解压， 建立单板
tar xvf u-boot-2014.10.tar.bz2
cd u-boot-2014.10/
cp -r board/samsung/smdk2410/ board/samsung/smdk2440/
mv board/samsung/smdk2440/smdk2410.c board/samsung/smdk2440/smdk2440.c
vim board/samsung/smdk2440/Makefile
obj-y := smdk2440.o
cp include/configs/smdk2410.h include/configs/smdk2440.h
vim board/samsung/smdk2440/MAINTAINERS
SMDK2440 BOARD
M: David Müller <[email protected]>
S: Maintained
F: board/samsung/smdk2440/
F: include/configs/smdk2440.h
F: configs/smdk2440_defconfig
vim board/samsung/smdk2440/Kconfig
if TARGET_SMDK2440
config SYS_CPU
default "arm920t"
config SYS_BOARD
default "smdk2440"
config SYS_VENDOR
default "samsung"
config SYS_SOC
default "s3c24x0"
config SYS_CONFIG_NAME
default "smdk2440"
endif
vim arch/arm/Kconfig
+config TARGET_SMDK2440
bool "Support smdk2440"
source "board/samsung/smdk2440/Kconfig" cp configs/smdk2410_defconfig configs/smdk2440_defconfig
CONFIG_ARM=y
CONFIG_TARGET_SMDK2440=y
修改顶层Makefile
CROSS_COMPILE ?= /home/flinn/tools/4.4.3/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-
修改配置文件include/configs/smdk2440.h
-#define CONFIG_S3C2410 /* specifically a SAMSUNG S3C2410 SoC */
-#define CONFIG_SMDK2410 /* on a SAMSUNG SMDK2410 Board */
+#define CONFIG_S3C2440
+#define CONFIG_SMDK2440
编译
make smdk2440_defconfig
make (如果要看到详细信息， 比如链接地址，-pie等， 执行make V=1)
如果修改smdk2440.h后编译报错 u-boot.lds:1: ignoring invalid character `#' in expression
vim arch/arm/cpu/u-boot.lds
-#include <config.h>
以上单板建立完成， 初次编译会报错NAND和YAFFS相关的， 在smdk2440.h里面去掉相关宏
编译出来的u-boot.bin 约370K，前面的分区256K显然不够， 先作裁剪
去掉：
USB相关的
//#define CONFIG_USB_OHCI
//#define CONFIG_USB_OHCI_S3C24XX
//#define CONFIG_USB_KEYBOARD
//#define CONFIG_USB_STORAGE
//#define CONFIG_DOS_PARTITION
//#define CONFIG_CMD_USB
解压格式
//#define CONFIG_BZIP2
//#define CONFIG_LZO
//#define CONFIG_LZMA文件系统相关的
//#define CONFIG_CMD_FAT
//#define CONFIG_CMD_EXT2
//#define CONFIG_CMD_UBI
//#define CONFIG_CMD_UBIFS
//#define CONFIG_CMD_MTDPARTS
//#define CONFIG_MTD_DEVICE
//#define CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS
//#define CONFIG_YAFFS2
//#define CONFIG_RBTREE
再次编译后u-boot.bin文件才160K左右，满足我们的需求
二 烧写测试（NOR）， 无任何输出
先解决串口输出问题，入手
① 时钟配置
vim arch/arm/cpu/arm920t/start.S
# if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
ldr r1, =0x3ff
ldr r0, =INTSUBMSK
str r1, [r0]
/* FCLK:HCLK:PCLK = 1:2:4 */
/* default FCLK is 120 MHz ! */
ldr r0, =CLKDIVN
mov r1, #5
str r1, [r0]
/* add by Flinn */
#define S3C2440_MPLL_200MHZ ((0x5c<<12)|(0x01<<4)|(0x02))
#define S3C2440_MPLL_400MHZ ((0x5c<<12)|(0x01<<4)|(0x01))
mrc p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0
orr r1, r1, #0xc0000000
mcr p15, 0, r1, c1, c0, 0
/* MPLLCON = S3C2440_MPLL_400MHZ */
ldr r0, =0x4c000004
ldr r1, =S3C2440_MPLL_400MHZ
str r1, [r0] ② SDRAM设置
vim board/samsung/smdk2440/lowlevel_init.S
#define REFCNT 1113 -> 0x4f4
③ 时钟前面设置了， 删除后面的
vim board/samsung/smdk2440/smdk2440.c
board_early_init_f（）：
#if 0
/* to reduce PLL lock time, adjust the LOCKTIME register */
writel(0xFFFFFF, &clk_power->locktime);
/* configure MPLL */
writel((M_MDIV << 12) + (M_PDIV << 4) + M_SDIV,
&clk_power->mpllcon);
/* some delay between MPLL and UPLL */
pll_delay(4000);
/* configure UPLL */
writel((U_M_MDIV << 12) + (U_M_PDIV << 4) + U_M_SDIV,
&clk_power->upllcon);
#endif
再次烧写
U-Boot 2014.10 (Nov 01 2018 - 11:06:54)
CPUID: 32440001
FCLK: 400 MHz
HCLK: 100 MHz
PCLK: 50 MHz
DRAM: 64 MiB
WARNING: Caches not enabled
Flash: *** failed ***
### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###
原因是
board_init_r
flash_init 此时我们的nor flash还不识别
else {
puts(failed);
//hang();
}重新编译烧写
U-Boot 2014.10 (Nov 01 2018 - 11:14:31)
CPUID: 32440001
FCLK: 400 MHz
HCLK: 100 MHz
PCLK: 50 MHz
DRAM: 64 MiB
WARNING: Caches not enabled
Flash: *** failed ***
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: CS8900-0
Error: CS8900-0 address not set.
Warning: Your board does not use generic board. Please read
doc/README.generic-board and take action. Boards not
upgraded by the late 2014 may break or be removed.
三 识别Nor Flash
主要是将我们使用的nor flash 型号添加到jedec_table中
#define MX29LV160B 0x2249
jz2440 ：MX29LV160DB 2M id= 0x2249, MX29LV160B 宏需要自己添加
// for jz2440
{
.mfr_id = MT_MANUFACT,
.dev_id = MX29LV160B,
.name = "MXIC MX29LV160B",
.uaddr = {
[0] = MTD_UADDR_0x0AAA_0x0555, /* x8 */
[1] = MTD_UADDR_0x0555_0x02AA, /* x16 */
},
.DevSize = SIZE_2MiB,
.CmdSet = P_ID_AMD_STD,
.NumEraseRegions= 4,
.regions = {
ERASEINFO(0x04000,1),
ERASEINFO(0x02000,2),
ERASEINFO(0x08000,1),
ERASEINFO(0x10000,31)
}
},
mini2440 ：SST29LV1601 （AM29LV160DB） 35sectors id = 0x2249
// for mini2440
{
.mfr_id = AMD_MANUFACT,
.dev_id = AM29LV160DB,
.name = "AMD AM29LV160DB",
.uaddr = {
[0] = MTD_UADDR_0x0AAA_0x0555, /* x8 */
[1] = MTD_UADDR_0x0555_0x02AA /* x16 */
},
.DevSize = SIZE_2MiB,
.CmdSet = P_ID_AMD_STD,
.NumEraseRegions= 4,
.regions = {
ERASEINFO(0x04000,1),
ERASEINFO(0x02000,2),
ERASEINFO(0x08000,1),
ERASEINFO(0x10000,31)
}
},
在smdk2440.h里面把#define CONFIG_SYS_MAX_FLASH_SECT (19) 改成35
再次编译并烧写：
U-Boot 2014.10 (Nov 01 2018 - 11:32:28)
CPUID: 32440001
FCLK: 400 MHz
HCLK: 100 MHz
PCLK: 50 MHz
DRAM: 64 MiB
WARNING: Caches not enabled
Flash: 2 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: CS8900-0
Error: CS8900-0 address not set.
Warning: Your board does not use generic board. Please read
doc/README.generic-board and take action. Boards not
upgraded by the late 2014 may break or be removed.
可知， nor flash已经被正确识别，可以在smdk2440.h里面定义DEBUG宏看出更详细信息。
去掉最后那个Warning， 在common/main.c 里面main_loop里面：
#ifndef CONFIG_SYS_GENERIC_BOARD
puts("Warning: Your board does not use generic board. Please read\n");
puts("doc/README.generic-board and take action. Boards not\n");
puts("upgraded by the late 2014 may break or be removed.\n");
#endif四 移植dm9000
在smdk2440.h里面
#if 0
#define CONFIG_DRIVER_CS8900 1 /* we have a CS8900 on-board */
#define CS8900_BASE 0x19000300
#define CS8900_BUS16 1 /* the Linux driver does accesses as shorts */
#endif
#if !defined(CONFIG_DRIVER_CS8900)
#define CONFIG_DRIVER_DM9000 1
#define CONFIG_DM9000_USE_16BIT 1
#define CONFIG_DM9000_BASE 0x20000000
#define DM9000_IO 0x20000000
#define DM9000_DATA 0x20000004
#endif
并修改默认IP配置
在什么smdk2440.c board_eth_init函数里面添加
#ifdef CONFIG_DRIVER_DM9000
rc = dm9000_initialize(bis);
#endif
再次烧写，可以识别
Net: dm9000
SMDK2440 # bdinfo
arch_number = 0x000000C1
boot_params = 0x30000100
DRAM bank = 0x00000000
-> start = 0x30000000
-> size = 0x04000000
eth0name = dm9000
ethaddr = (not set)
current eth = dm9000
ip_addr = 192.168.1.111
baudrate = 115200 bps
TLB addr = 0x33FF0000
relocaddr = 0x33FC7000
reloc off = 0x33FC7000
irq_sp = 0x33BB6F44
sp start = 0x33BB6F38
设置ip
#define CONFIG_NETMASK 255.255.255.0
#define CONFIG_IPADDR 192.168.1.111
#define CONFIG_SERVERIP 192.168.1.113
#define CONFIG_ETHADDR 00:0c:29:45:c4:c3 五 nand移植
在smdk2440.h里面去掉NAND的配置选项
#define CONFIG_CMD_NAND
编译出错
drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c: In function 's3c2410_hwcontrol':
drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c:44: warning: implicit declaration of function 's3c2410_get_base_nand'
drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c:44: warning: initialization makes pointer from integer without a cast
drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c:59: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c:59: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c:62: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
cp drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410_nand.c drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2440_nand.c
vim drivers/mtd/nand/Makefile
把drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2440_nand.c 里面所有的s3c2410改成s3c2440
并修改Makefile
COBJS-$(CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410) += s3c2410_nand.o ==>
COBJS-$(CONFIG_NAND_S3C2440) += s3c2440_nand.o
同时需要修改配置文件smdk2440.h
/*
* NAND configuration
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_CMD_NAND
#define CONFIG_NAND_S3C2410 == >#define CONFIG_NAND_S3C2440
#define CONFIG_SYS_S3C2410_NAND_HWECC ==>#define CONFIG_SYS_S3C2440_NAND_HWECC 在drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2440_nand.c
int board_nand_init(struct nand_chip *nand)
#if 0
cfg = S3C2440_NFCONF_EN;
cfg |= S3C2440_NFCONF_TACLS(tacls - 1);
cfg |= S3C2440_NFCONF_TWRPH0(twrph0 - 1);
cfg |= S3C2440_NFCONF_TWRPH1(twrph1 - 1);
#endif
cfg = ((tacls-1)<<12)|((twrph0-1)<<8)|((twrph1-1)<<4);
writel(cfg, &nand_reg->nfconf);
writel((1<<4)|(1<<1)|(1<<0),&nand_reg->nfcont);
。。。
nand->select_chip = s3c2440_nand_select;
添加
static void s3c2440_nand_select(struct mtd_info *mtd, int chipnr)
{
struct s3c2440_nand *nand = s3c2440_get_base_nand();
switch (chipnr) {
case -1:
nand->nfcont |= (1<<1);
break;
case 0:
nand->nfcont &= ~(1<<1);
break;
default:
BUG();
}
} 重写
static void s3c2440_hwcontrol(struct mtd_info *mtd, int dat, unsigned int ctrl)
{
struct s3c2440_nand *nand = s3c2440_get_base_nand();
if (ctrl & NAND_CLE)
{
writeb(dat, &nand->nfcmd);
}
else if(ctrl & NAND_ALE)
{
writeb(dat, &nand->nfaddr);
}
}
重写编译烧录
U-Boot 2014.10 (Nov 01 2018 - 14:26:34)
CPUID: 32440001
FCLK: 400 MHz
HCLK: 100 MHz
PCLK: 50 MHz
DRAM: 64 MiB
WARNING: Caches not enabled
Flash: 2 MiB
NAND: 256 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: dm9000
Warning: dm9000 MAC addresses don't match:
Address in SROM is ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
Address in environment is 00:0c:29:45:c4:c3
六 增加启动参数
在smdk2440.h里面添加宏
#define CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND "nand read.jffs2 0x30007FC0 0x60000 0x200000; bootm 0x30007FC0"
如果以前烧写过内核到0x60000的位置，那么现在可以顺利从nor flash启动内核
七 添加mtdparts命令
改命令可以查看当前分区，在启动参数里面可以以分区名代表地址和长度
grep "cmd_mtdpart" * -nR
搜索可知，mtdpart在cmd_mtdparts.c里面定义
common/Makefile:147:obj-$(CONFIG_CMD_MTDPARTS) += cmd_mtdparts.o
因此需要定义CONFIG_CMD_MTDPARTS,CONFIG_MTD_DEVICE
#define MTDIDS_DEFAULT "nand0=smdk2440-0"
#define MTDPARTS_DEFAULT "mtdparts=smdk2440-0:256k(bootloader)," \
"128k(params)," \
"2m(kernel)," \
"-(rootfs)"
参考别人， 在board_init_r 里面添加run_command("mtdparts default", 0);即可
重新编译烧录
nfs下载试试看
nfs 30000000 192.168.1.113:/home/flinn/mini2440/bin/mini_mdev_fs.jffs2
nand erase.part rootfs
nand write.jffs2 30000000 260000 $filesize
set bootargs console=ttySAC0,115200 root=/dev/mtdblock3 rootfstype=jffs2
OK, nor is fine !
八 环境变量存在nand flash里面
搜索default environment
在Env_common.c函数里面：
default_environment结构体
default_environment结构体定义在env_common.c里面
其中有：
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTARGS
"bootargs=" CONFIG_BOOTARGS "\0"
#endif
这里CONFIG_BOOTARGS没有定义，bootargs是传给内核的环境变量，在smdk2440.h里面定义CONFIG_BOOTARGS
#define CONFIG_BOOTARGS "console=ttySAC0 root=/dev/mtdblock3"
此外设置bootcmd参数：
#define CONFIG_BOOTCOMMAND "nand read 30000000 0x30008000 0x400000;bootm 30000000"
假设从0x30008000读2M到30000000
设置ip
#define CONFIG_NETMASK 255.255.255.0
#define CONFIG_IPADDR 192.168.1.1110
#define CONFIG_SERVERIP 192.168.1.113
#define CONFIG_ETHADDR 00:0c:29:45:c4:c3
修改默认分区：
打印出来的分区信息：
0x00000000-0x00040000 : "bootloader" //256k
0x00040000-0x00060000 : "params" //128K
0x00060000-0x00460000 : "kernel" //4M
0x00460000-0x10000000 : "root"
原来的环境变量的配置：
#define CONFIG_ENV_ADDR (CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE + 0x070000)
#define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
#define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x10000
/* allow to overwrite serial and ethaddr */
#define CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE
当输入save时：
SMDK2440 # save
Saving Environment to Flash...
Un-Protected 1 sectors
Erasing Flash...
. done
Erased 1 sectors
Writing to Flash... 9....8....7....6....5....4....3....2....1....done
Protected 1 sectors
上面说过不要用save命令保存环境变量设置，目的是防止flash被破坏：
查看save命令帮助信息，知道saveenv，搜索saveenv
或者在SI里面搜索可得，在common目录下看Makefile，知道依赖上面宏
Env_nand.c (common):int saveenv(void)
makefile里面有：
COBJS-$(CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND) += env_nand.o
可知需要CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND
不光如此，还需要知道起始地址和大小
打开env_nand.c,里面有CONFIG_ENV_SIZE和CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET
上面的还不够，还需要擦除长度
nand_erase_options.length = CONFIG_ENV_RANGE;
即需要定义CONFIG_ENV_RANGE，设为CONFIG_ENV_SIZE
综上所知设置为：
#if 0
#define CONFIG_ENV_ADDR (CONFIG_SYS_FLASH_BASE + 0x070000)
#define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_FLASH
#define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x10000
/* allow to overwrite serial and ethaddr */
#define CONFIG_ENV_OVERWRITE
#endif
#define CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND
#define CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET 0x00040000
#define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x20000
#define CONFIG_ENV_RANGE CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 改成nand后，输入save：
SMDK2440 # save
Saving Environment to NAND...
Erasing NAND...
Erasing at 0x40000 -- 100% complete.
Writing to NAND... OK
九 重定位，支持nand启动
前面链接地址都是0x0，可以从nor正常启动内核和文件系统。
现在把链接地址改成0x33f00000
一旦更改了链接地址， u-boot从nor flash加载时，串口没有任何输出
添加文件boot_init.c
#define NFCONF (*((volatile unsigned long *)0x4E000000))
#define NFCONT (*((volatile unsigned long *)0x4E000004))
#define NFCMMD (*((volatile unsigned char *)0x4E000008))
#define NFADDR (*((volatile unsigned char *)0x4E00000C))
#define NFDATA (*((volatile unsigned char *)0x4E000010))
#define NFSTAT (*((volatile unsigned char *)0x4E000020))
static void nand_select(void)
{
NFCONT &= ~(1<<1);
}
static void nand_deselect(void)
{
NFCONT |= (1<<1);
}
static void nand_cmd(unsigned char cmd)
{
volatile int i;
NFCMMD = cmd;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++);
}
static void nand_addr(unsigned int addr)
{
unsigned int col = addr % 2048;
unsigned int page = addr / 2048;
volatile int i;
NFADDR = col & 0xff;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++);
NFADDR = (col >> 8) & 0xff;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++);
NFADDR = page & 0xff;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++);
NFADDR = (page >> 8) & 0xff;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++);
NFADDR = (page >> 16) & 0xff;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++);
}
static void nand_wait_ready(void)
{
while (!(NFSTAT & 1));
}
static unsigned char nand_data(void)
{
return NFDATA;
}
static void nand_read_ll(unsigned int addr, unsigned char *buf, unsigned int len)
{
int col = addr % 2048;
int i = 0;
nand_select();
while (i < len)
{
nand_cmd(0x00);
nand_addr(addr);
nand_cmd(0x30);
nand_wait_ready();
for (; (col < 2048) && (i < len); col++)
{
buf[i] = nand_data();
i++;
addr++;
}
col = 0;
}
nand_deselect();
}
static void nand_init(void)
{
#define TACLS 0
#define TWRPH0 1
#define TWRPH1 0
NFCONF = (TACLS<<12)|(TWRPH0<<8)|(TWRPH1<<4);
NFCONT = (1<<4)|(1<<1)|(1<<0);
}
/* 1: from nor 0: from nand */
static int isBootFromNorFlash(void)
{
volatile int *p = (volatile int *)0;
int val;
val = *p;
*p = 0x12345678;
if (*p == 0x12345678)
{
*p = val;
return 0;
}
else
{
// nor
return 1;
}
}
void copy_code_to_sdram(unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dest, unsigned int len)
{
int i = 0;
if (isBootFromNorFlash())
{
while (i < len)
{
dest[i] = src[i];
i++;
}
}
else // from nand
{
nand_init();
nand_read_ll((unsigned int)src, dest, len);
}
}
void clear_bss(void)
{
extern int __bss_start, __bss_end;
int *p = &__bss_start;
for (; p < &__bss_end; p++)
*p = 0;
} 修改对应目录Makefile
obj-y := smdk2440.o boot_init.o
把smdk2440/目录下内容放最前面，满足4K内
vim arch/arm/cpu/u-boot.lds
board/samsung/smdk2440/built-in.o (.text*)
修改重定位代码：
#if defined(CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_F_LEN) && !defined(CONFIG_SPL_BUILD)
sub sp, sp, #CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_F_LEN
str sp, [r9, #GD_MALLOC_BASE]
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_S3C2440)
mov r0, #0
ldr r1, = CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE
ldr r2, = CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE
ldr r3, =__bss_end
sub r2, r3, r2
bl copy_code_to_sdram
bl clear_bss
ldr pc, =call_board_init_f
call_board_init_f:
mov r0, #0
bl board_init_f
ldr sp, [r9, #GD_START_ADDR_SP] /* sp = gd->start_addr_sp */
bic sp, sp, #7 /* 8-byte alignment for ABI compliance */
ldr r9, [r9, #GD_BD] /* r9 = gd->bd */
sub r9, r9, #GD_SIZE /* new GD is below bd */
mov r0, r9
ldr r1, = CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE
bl board_init_r
#else
/* mov r0, #0 not needed due to above code */
bl board_init_f
...
#endif
去掉pie选项vim arch/arm/config.mk
#LDFLAGS_u-boot += -pie
#ALL-y += checkarmreloc
此外board.c里面还应修改：
board_init_f
//addr -= gd->mon_len;
//addr &= ~(4096 - 1);
addr = CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE ; 烧写u-boot到nand
bootloader:
tftp 30000000 u-boot.bin
nand erase.part bootloader
nand write.jffs2 30000000 bootloader
烧写u-boot到nor
tftp 30000000 u-boot.bin
protect off all
erase 0 3ffff (256K)
cp.b 30000000 0 40000
从nand启动正常