Android开发：ListView的使用流程总结——基于《第一行代码》

1. 进行页面的ListView布局: activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        />
</LinearLayout>

2. ListView的子项设置：fruit_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
>
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

3. 实体类创建：Fruit

public class Fruit{
    //属性
    private String name;
    private int imageId;
    
    //构造函数
    public Fruit(String name, int imageId){
        this.name = name;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }
    
    //getter和setter 略
}

4. 适配器：FruitAdapter

public class FruitAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Fruit>{
    private int resourceId;
    public FruitAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<Fruit> objects){
        super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);
        resourceId = textViewResourceId;
    }
    
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent){
        Fruit fruit = getItem(position);
        View view;
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if(convertView == null){
            view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(resourceId, parent, false);
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            viewHolder.fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
            view.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else {
            view = convertView;
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
        }
        
        fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
        return view;
    }
    
    class  ViewHolder{{
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;
    }}
}

5. MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        initFruits();   //初始化数据
        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(MainActivity.this, R.layout.fruit_item, fruitList);
        ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view);
        listView.setAdapter(adapter);
        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener(){
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id){
                Fruit fruit = fruitList.get(position);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        })
    }
}