转自：http://my.oschina.net/chinaearl/blog/111552
单位有很多java项目，一般上生产的项目日志都是通过log4j打印在本地，平常开发同学要查看日志还要给他们开个专门的FTP，不利于集中维护管理，近日因工作需要，在网上看到相关技术资料，可把log4j日志直接存放到mongoDB，在mongoDB的可以更好的查询日志。非常利于集中管理和维护。以下是自己和开发同学配置部署的过程，可谓是一波三折：
Log4mongo for Java官方介绍：
- MongoDbAppender - stores the LogEvent in a BSONified form
- ExtendedMongoDbAppender - Extends MongoDbAppender by allowing you to add top level elements
- MongoDbPatternLayoutAppender - supports logging data in a custom format
1.首先下载并安装mongoDB，并运行 ，下载安装请参考我的上篇博文
版本要求（MongoDB Server v2.0+ (tested with 2.2.2)）
2.下载Mongo Java driver jar包
3.下载 Log4J jar包 注意版本，一定要1.2.16及以上。
4.下载 log4mongo-java jar包
5.请将这三个jar文件放置在你的项目classpath中。
6.在你的classpath中创建一个名为log4j.properties的文件
7.在log4j.properties文件尾添加以下几行
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log4j.rootLogger=INFO, MongoDB
log4j.appender.MongoDB=org.log4mongo.MongoDbAppender
log4j.appender.MongoDB.databaseName=appname
log4j.appender.MongoDB.collectionName=log
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如果你的mongoDB不是在本地，那添加mongoDB数据库的IP地址和端口
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log4j.appender.MongoDB.
hostname
=172.17.0.9
log4j.appender.MongoDB.port=27017
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创建一个Java类，如：
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import
org.apache.log4j.Logger;
public class LogTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(LogTest.class);
logger.error(
"Don't panic"
);
}
}
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编译和运行这个类
碰到问题，mongoDB里的日志数据始终不见出来。后来发现问题，原因是项目要部署到tomcat上才可能生效。
以下是开发同学整理的部署情况
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1、建立一个web项目，项目名为logmongo，在项目当中引入jar包，见步骤2~4（指你写的）描述，共3个jar包。
2、log4j.properties内容：
log4j.rootLogger=debug, stdout, R, MongoDB
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{MM-
dd
HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5p - [%c{1}.%t] %m%n
log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.R.File=logs
/client
.log
log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=1000KB
log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=1
log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{MM-
dd
HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5p - [%c{1}.%t] %m%n
log4j.appender.MongoDB=org.log4mongo.MongoDbAppender
log4j.appender.MongoDB.databaseName=appname
log4j.appender.MongoDB.collectionName=log
log4j.appender.MongoDB.
hostname
=172.17.0.9
log4j.appender.MongoDB.port=27017
3、web.xml内容
<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<web-app version=
"3.0"
xmlns=
"http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http:
//java
.sun.com
/xml/ns/javaee
http:
//java
.sun.com
/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0
.xsd">
<display-name><
/display-name
>
<welcome-
file
-list>
<welcome-
file
>index.jsp<
/welcome-file
>
<
/welcome-file-list
>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation<
/param-name
>
<param-value>classpath:
/log4j
.properties<
/param-value
>
<
/context-param
>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>log4jServlet<
/servlet-name
>
<servlet-class>log4jServlet<
/servlet-class
>
<
/servlet
>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>log4jServlet<
/servlet-name
>
<url-pattern>
/log4jServlet
<
/url-pattern
>
<
/servlet-mapping
>
<
/web-app
>
4、log4jServlet.java
import
java.io.IOException;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import
org.apache.log4j.Logger;
public class log4jServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(log4jServlet.class);
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException {
logger.error(
"test for tomcat"
);
}
}
5、部署到tomcat上运行，浏览器中输入http:
//localhost
:8080
/logmongo/log4jServlet
即可。
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然后查看mongoDB，看是否有记录
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[root@zabbix bin]
# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version: 2.2.2
connecting to:
test
> show dbs
admin (empty)
appname 0.203125GB
local
(empty)
> use appname
switched to db appname
> db.log.findOne()
{
"_id"
: ObjectId(
"513427c2abef7a8b93610a70"
),
"timestamp"
: ISODate(
"2013-03-04T04:49:06.060Z"
),
"level"
:
"ERROR"
,
"thread"
:
"http-8080-1"
,
"message"
:
"Don't panic"
,
"loggerName"
: {
"fullyQualifiedClassName"
:
"log4jServlet"
,
"package"
: [
"log4jServlet"
],
"className"
:
"log4jServlet"
},
"fileName"
:
"log4jServlet.java"
,
"method"
:
"doGet"
,
"lineNumber"
:
"24"
,
"class"
: {
"fullyQualifiedClassName"
:
"log4jServlet"
,
"package"
: [
"log4jServlet"
],
"className"
:
"log4jServlet"
},
"host"
: {
"process"
:
"6752@yangyang"
,
"name"
:
"yangyang"
,
"ip"
:
"10.1.19.2"
}
}
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接下去，可以用PHP写个查看mongoDB数据的程序，友好的把日志通过网页形式显示出来。
MongoDB的PHP扩展安装
1.下载php扩展包：http://pecl.php.net/package/mongo
2.安装php的mongodb扩展
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tar
zxvf mongo-1.3.4.tgz
cd
mongo-1.3.4/
#/usr/local/webserver/php/ 您的php实际安装目录
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
.
/configure
--with-php-config=
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
&&
make
install
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php读取mongodb日志数据程序如下
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<?php
error_reporting
(7);
$conn
=
new
Mongo();
$db
=
$conn
->appname;
$collection
=
$db
->log;
?>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC
"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"
>
<html>
<head>
<title> log4j
for
mongodb </title>
<meta name=
"Generator"
content=
"EditPlus"
>
<meta name=
"Author"
content=
""
>
<meta name=
"Keywords"
content=
""
>
<meta name=
"Description"
content=
""
>
<style type=
"text/css"
>
table {
border: 1px solid #999999;
padding:0;
margin:0 auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
td,th {
border: 1px solid #999999;
background: #fff;
font-size:13px;
padding: 3px 3px 3px 8px;
color: #000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table border=
"1"
width=
"100%"
>
<tr>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>ID</th>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>TIMESTAMP</th>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>LEVEL</th>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>THREAD</th>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>MESSAGE</th>
<th colspan=
"3"
>LOGGERNAME</th>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>FILENAME</th>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>METHOD</th>
<th rowspan=
"2"
>lineNumber</th>
<th colspan=
"3"
>CLASS</th>
<th colspan=
"3"
>HOST</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>fullyQualifiedClassName</td>
<td>package</td>
<td>className</td>
<td>fullyQualifiedClassName</td>
<td>package</td>
<td>className</td>
<td>process</td>
<td>name</td>
<td>ip</td>
</tr>
<?php
$cursor
=
$collection
->find();
while
(
$cursor
->hasNext()){
$r
=
$cursor
->getNext();
?>
<tr>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[_id]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[timestamp]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[level]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[thread]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[message]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[loggerName][fullyQualifiedClassName]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
implode(
'.'
,
$r
[loggerName][package]);?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[loggerName][className]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[fileName]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[method]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[lineNumber]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[
'class'
][fullyQualifiedClassName];?></td>
<td><?php
echo
implode(
'.'
,
$r
[
'class'
][package]);?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[
'class'
][className];?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[host][process]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[host][name]?></td>
<td><?php
echo
$r
[host][ip]?></td>
</tr>
<?php
}
?>
</table>
</body>
</html>
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运行效果如图:
另：log4j还可以通过配置写到MySQL数据库里去。不过论现在形式而言，存到nosql里去会更优雅.