Java基础之ClassLoader类加载器简介

classloader简介

1 classloader层次结构（父子关系）

Bootstrap（ClassLoader）

• ExtClassLoader
  • AppClassLoader
    • XXXClassLoader

详见代码如下：

sun.misc.Launcher

public Launcher() {

        Launcher.ExtClassLoader var1;

        try {

            var1 = Launcher.ExtClassLoader.getExtClassLoader();

        } catch (IOException var10) {

            throw new InternalError("Could not create extension class loader", var10);

        }

 

        try { this.loader = Launcher.AppClassLoader.getAppClassLoader(var1); } catch (IOException var9) { throw new InternalError("Could not create application class loader", var9); }

2 classloader加载类过程

classloader在加载class时优先尝试通过parent classloader加载，如果加载不到，才尝试自己加载，即常说的“双亲委派”，

并且如果一个class依赖其他class，比如ClassA依赖ClassB，ClassB默认由ClassA的classloader来加载。

* <p> The methods and constructors of objects created by a class loader may
* reference other classes. To determine the class(es) referred to, the Java
* virtual machine invokes the {@link #loadClass <tt>loadClass</tt>} method of
* the class loader that originally created the class.

详见代码如下：

java.lang.ClassLoader

protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve)

        throws ClassNotFoundException

    {

        synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {

            // First, check if the class has already been loaded

            Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);

            if (c == null) { long t0 = System.nanoTime(); try { if (parent != null) { c = parent.loadClass(name, false); } else { c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name); } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found // from the non-null parent class loader  } if (c == null) { // If still not found, then invoke findClass in order // to find the class. long t1 = System.nanoTime(); c = findClass(name); // this is the defining class loader; record the stats  sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0); sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1); sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment(); } } if (resolve) { resolveClass(c); } return c; } }