万径人踪灭(FFT+manacher)

传送门

这题……我觉得像我这样的菜鸡选手难以想出来……

题目要求求出一些子序列,使得其关于某个位置是对称的,而且不能是连续一段,求这样的子序列的个数。这个直接求很困难,但是我们可以先求出所有关于某个位置对称的子序列,最后减去子串的个数。

子串个数可以用\(manacher\)求,至于子序列的话,我们假设以第\(i\)位为中心,那么如果两边有\(x\)对相同的字符,那么这个位置对答案的贡献就是\(2^x-1\)或者\(2^(x+1)-1\)。(因为有可能回文串的长度是偶数,也就是不存在中间点)

考虑怎么求\(x_i\)\(x_i\)的形式可以写成如下的形式:
\[\sum_{j=0}^ic[i-j] == c[i+j]\]

发现这个式子非常像卷积的形式。那么我们先初始化两个序列,第一个序列是原字符串为‘a’,对应位置为1,第二个是原字符串为'b',对应位置是1,剩下都是0。这样结果就转化为如下形式:

\[\sum_{j=0}^i a(i-j) * a(i+j) + b(i-j) * b(i+j) \]

然后让他们自己和自己乘起来,结果相加一下,然后因为卷积会重复把元素计算两遍,所以要+1再/2.

这样得到的各项系数就是各项\(x_i\),我们就可以用快速幂计算。算完之后减去\(manacher\)求出的子串个数即可。

看一下代码。

#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<set>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<queue>
#define rep(i,a,n) for(int i = a;i <= n;i++)
#define per(i,n,a) for(int i = n;i >= a;i--)
#define enter putchar('\n')
#define fr friend inline
#define y1 poj
#define mp make_pair
#define pr pair<int,int>
#define fi first
#define sc second
#define pb push_back
#define I puts("bug")

using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int M = 200005;
const int INF = 1000000009;
const double eps = 1e-7;
const double pi = acos(-1);
const ll mod = 1e9+7;

int read()
{
    int ans = 0,op = 1;char ch = getchar();
    while(ch < '0' || ch > '9') {if(ch == '-') op = -1;ch = getchar();}
    while(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') ans = ans * 10 + ch - '0',ch = getchar();
    return ans * op;
}

struct Comp
{
   double x,y;
   Comp(){}
   Comp(double kx,double ky){x = kx,y = ky;}
   fr Comp operator + (const Comp &a,const Comp &b) {return (Comp){a.x + b.x,a.y + b.y};}
   fr Comp operator - (const Comp &a,const Comp &b) {return (Comp){a.x - b.x,a.y - b.y};}
   fr Comp operator * (const Comp &a,const Comp &b) {return (Comp){a.x * b.x - a.y * b.y,a.y * b.x + a.x * b.y};}
}a[M<<1],b[M<<1],kx,ky;

int n,len = 1,L,p[M<<1],rev[M<<1];
char s[M<<1],c[M];
ll tot,d[M<<1],ans;

int change()
{
   int l = strlen(c),j = 2;
   s[0] = '!',s[1] = '#';
   rep(i,0,l-1) s[j++] = c[i],s[j++] = '#';
   s[j] = '&';
   return j;
}

void manacher()
{
   int l = change(),mx = 1,mid = 1;
   rep(i,1,l-1)
   {
      if(i < mx) p[i] = min(mx - i,p[(mid<<1) - i]);
      else p[i] = 1;
      while(s[i-p[i]] == s[i+p[i]]) p[i]++;
      if(mx < i + p[i]) mid = i,mx = i + p[i];
      tot += (p[i] >> 1),tot %= mod;
   }
}

void fft(Comp *a,int f)
{
   rep(i,0,len-1) if(i < rev[i]) swap(a[i],a[rev[i]]);
   for(int i = 1;i < len;i <<= 1)
   {
      Comp omg1(cos(pi / i),f * sin(pi / i));
      for(int j = 0;j < len;j += (i << 1))
      {
     Comp omg(1,0);
     rep(k,0,i-1)
     {
        kx = a[k+j],ky = omg * a[k+j+i];
        a[k+j] = kx + ky,a[k+j+i] = kx - ky,omg = omg * omg1;
     }
      }
   }
}

ll qpow(ll a,ll b)
{
   ll p = 1;
   while(b)
   {
      if(b & 1) p *= a,p %= mod;
      a *= a,a %= mod;
      b >>= 1;
   }
   return p;
}

int main()
{
   scanf("%s",c);
   n = strlen(c);
   rep(i,0,n-1)
   {
      if(c[i] == 'a') a[i].x = 1;
      else b[i].x = 1;
   }
   while(len <= n << 1) len <<= 1,L++;
   //I;
   rep(i,0,len-1) rev[i] = (rev[i>>1] >> 1) | ((i&1) << (L-1));
   fft(a,1),fft(b,1);
   rep(i,0,len-1) a[i] = a[i] * a[i] + b[i] * b[i];
   fft(a,-1);
   rep(i,0,len-1) d[i] = ((ll)floor(a[i].x / len + 0.5) + 1) >> 1;
   rep(i,0,len-1) ans += (qpow(2,d[i]) - 1),ans %= mod;
   manacher(),ans -= tot,ans %= mod;
   while(ans < 0) ans += mod;
   printf("%lld\n",ans);
   return 0;
}

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/captain1/p/10112041.html