测试中使用到的代码到在这里https://download.csdn.net/download/zhou920786312/10853300
Feign介绍
Feign是一种声明式、模板化的HTTP客户端。在Spring Cloud中使用Feign, 我们可以做到使用HTTP请求远程服务时能与调用本地方法一样的编码体验,开发者完全感知不到这是远程方法,更感知不到这是个HTTP请求。
Feign集成了Ribbon和Eureka来提供对http客户端的负载均衡。
ribbon和feign的区别
1.启动类使用的注解不同，Ribbon用的是@RibbonClient，Feign用的是@EnableFeignClients。
2.服务的指定位置不同，Ribbon是在@RibbonClient注解上声明，Feign则是在定义抽象方法的接口中使用@FeignClient声明。
3.调用方式不同，Ribbon需要自己构建http请求，模拟http请求然后使用RestTemplate发送给其他服务，步骤相当繁琐。
Feign则是在Ribbon的基础上进行了一次改进，采用接口的方式，将需要调用的其他服务的方法定义成抽象方法即可，
不需要自己构建http请求。不过要注意的是抽象方法的注解、方法签名要和提供服务的方法完全一致。
使用案例
microservicecloud-api
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
//客户端，调用该接口就可以实现对MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT服务单元的负载均衡
@FeignClient(value = "MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT")
public interface DeptClientService
{
@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/get/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") long id);
@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/list", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public List<Dept> list();
@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public boolean add(Dept dept);
}
<!-- feign相关支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
microservicecloud-consumer-dept-feign
server:
port: 80
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: trueeureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: false
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
//开启FeignClient
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages= {"com.atguigu.springcloud"})
//扫描包
@ComponentScan("com.atguigu.springcloud")
public class DeptConsumer80_Feign_App
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_Feign_App.class, args);
}
}
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.DeptClientService;
@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer
{
@Autowired
private DeptClientService service;
@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
return this.service.get(id);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/list")
public List<Dept> list()
{
return this.service.list();
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/add")
public Object add(Dept dept)
{
return this.service.add(dept);
}
}
测试结果
