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os: centos 7.4.1708
db: postgresql 11.2
参考《centos 7.x 安装 postgresql 的优化设置》设置好centos 7.4
os 安装 postgresql 11 的 yum source
参考：
https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/redhat/
# yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm
安装 postgresql 11
[root@tpg-1 ~]# yum install postgresql11*
Downloading packages:
(1/16): llvm5.0-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.6 MB 00:00:06
(2/16): postgresql11-contrib-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 614 kB 00:00:16
(3/16): postgresql11-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 1.6 MB 00:00:23
(4/16): postgresql11-devel-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:07
(5/16): llvm5.0-libs-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 13 MB 00:00:32
(6/16): postgresql11-docs-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 15 MB 00:00:21
(7/16): postgresql11-libs-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 359 kB 00:00:00
(8/16): postgresql11-debuginfo-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 10 MB 00:00:56
(9/16): postgresql11-llvmjit-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 9.0 MB 00:00:19
(10/16): postgresql11-odbc-10.03.0000-1PGDG.rhel7.1.x86_64.rpm | 282 kB 00:00:01
(11/16): postgresql11-plperl-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 61 kB 00:00:00
(12/16): postgresql11-plpython-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 82 kB 00:00:00
(13/16): postgresql11-pltcl-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 39 kB 00:00:00
(14/16): postgresql11-tcl-2.4.0-2.rhel7.1.x86_64.rpm | 309 kB 00:00:01
(15/16): postgresql11-test-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 1.7 MB 00:00:08
(16/16): postgresql11-server-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 4.7 MB 00:00:15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 695 kB/s | 62 MB 00:01:30
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : postgresql11-libs-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/16
Installing : postgresql11-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 2/16
Installing : postgresql11-server-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 3/16
Installing : llvm5.0-libs-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64 4/16
Installing : llvm5.0-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64 5/16
Installing : postgresql11-devel-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 6/16
Installing : postgresql11-test-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 7/16
Installing : postgresql11-llvmjit-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 8/16
Installing : postgresql11-pltcl-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 9/16
Installing : postgresql11-plpython-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 10/16
Installing : postgresql11-plperl-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 11/16
Installing : postgresql11-contrib-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 12/16
Installing : postgresql11-tcl-2.4.0-2.rhel7.1.x86_64 13/16
Installing : postgresql11-odbc-10.03.0000-1PGDG.rhel7.1.x86_64 14/16
Installing : postgresql11-docs-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 15/16
Installing : postgresql11-debuginfo-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 16/16
Verifying : postgresql11-debuginfo-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/16
Verifying : llvm5.0-libs-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64 2/16
Verifying : postgresql11-llvmjit-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 3/16
Verifying : postgresql11-contrib-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 4/16
Verifying : postgresql11-docs-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 5/16
Verifying : postgresql11-server-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 6/16
Verifying : postgresql11-pltcl-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 7/16
Verifying : postgresql11-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 8/16
Verifying : postgresql11-plpython-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 9/16
Verifying : postgresql11-test-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 10/16
Verifying : postgresql11-tcl-2.4.0-2.rhel7.1.x86_64 11/16
Verifying : postgresql11-libs-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 12/16
Verifying : postgresql11-plperl-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 13/16
Verifying : llvm5.0-5.0.1-7.el7.x86_64 14/16
Verifying : postgresql11-odbc-10.03.0000-1PGDG.rhel7.1.x86_64 15/16
Verifying : postgresql11-devel-11.1-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 16/16
Installed:
postgresql11.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-contrib.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7
postgresql11-debuginfo.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-devel.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7
postgresql11-docs.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-libs.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7
postgresql11-llvmjit.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-odbc.x86_64 0:10.03.0000-1PGDG.rhel7.1
postgresql11-plperl.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-plpython.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7
postgresql11-pltcl.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-server.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7
postgresql11-tcl.x86_64 0:2.4.0-2.rhel7.1 postgresql11-test.x86_64 0:11.1-1PGDG.rhel7
Dependency Installed:
llvm5.0.x86_64 0:5.0.1-7.el7 llvm5.0-libs.x86_64 0:5.0.1-7.el7
Complete!
postgresql-11.service
# find / -name "postgresql-11.service"
/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-11.service
# systemctl disable postgresql-11
初始化数据库
# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-11.service
#Environment=PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/11/data/
Environment=PGDATA=/data/pgsql-11/data/
# su - postgres
$ pwd
/home/postgres
$ /usr/pgsql-11/bin/initdb -D /data/pgsql-11/data/ -U postgres -E UTF8 --locale=zh_CN.UTF-8
注意这里只能使用 initdb 来初始化数据库集群，不能使用 postgresql-11-setup initdb 来初始化，原因是 postgresql-11-setup 依然有硬编码到 /var/lib/pgsql/11 下的文件。
同时 postgresql-11.service 已经设置了 Disable OOM kill on the postmaster
# Disable OOM kill on the postmaster
OOMScoreAdjust=-1000
Environment=PG_OOM_ADJUST_FILE=/proc/self/oom_score_adj
Environment=PG_OOM_ADJUST_VALUE=0
查看进程
# systemctl start postgresql-11.service
# ps -ef|grep -i -E 'pgsql|postgres' |grep -v grep
postgres 6512 1 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 /usr/pgsql-11/bin/postmaster -D /data/pgsql-11/data/
postgres 6519 6512 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logger
postgres 6523 6512 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer
postgres 6524 6512 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 postgres: background writer
postgres 6525 6512 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 postgres: walwriter
postgres 6526 6512 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher
postgres 6527 6512 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 postgres: stats collector
postgres 6528 6512 0 22:48 ? 00:00:00 postgres: logical replication launcher
后台进程的名字较之前有了变化。