准备工作
- 15min
- IDEA
- maven 3.0
在开始构建项目之前，机器需要安装rabbitmq，你可以去官网下载，http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html ，如果你是用的Mac（程序员都应该用mac吧），你可以这样下载：
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brew install rabbitmq
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安装完成后开启服务器：
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rabbitmq-server
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开启服务器成功，你可以看到以下信息：
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RabbitMQ
3.1
.
3
. Copyright (C)
2007
-
2013
VMware, Inc.
## ## Licensed under the MPL. See http:
//www.rabbitmq.com/
## ##
########## Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit
@localhost
.log
###### ## /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit
@localhost
-sasl.log
##########
Starting broker... completed with
6
plugins.
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构建工程
构架一个SpringBoot工程，其pom文件依赖加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依赖：
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<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
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创建消息接收者
在任何的消息队列程序中，你需要创建一个消息接收者，用于响应发送的消息。
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@Component
public
class
Receiver {
private
CountDownLatch latch =
new
CountDownLatch(
1
);
public
void
receiveMessage(String message) {
System.out.println(
"Received <"
+ message +
">"
);
latch.countDown();
}
public
CountDownLatch getLatch() {
return
latch;
}
}
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消息接收者是一个简单的POJO类，它定义了一个方法去接收消息，当你注册它去接收消息，你可以给它取任何的名字。其中，它有CountDownLatch这样的一个类，它是用于告诉发送者消息已经收到了，你不需要在应用程序中具体实现它，只需要latch.countDown()就行了。
创建消息监听，并发送一条消息
在spring程序中，RabbitTemplate提供了发送消息和接收消息的所有方法。你只需简单的配置下就行了：
- 需要一个消息监听容器
- 声明一个quene,一个exchange,并且绑定它们
- 一个组件去发送消息
代码清单如下：
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package
com.forezp;
import
com.forezp.message.Receiver;
import
org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import
org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import
org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import
org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import
org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import
org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import
org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
import
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@SpringBootApplication
public
class
SpringbootRabbitmqApplication {
final
static
String queueName =
"spring-boot"
;
@Bean
Queue queue() {
return
new
Queue(queueName,
false
);
}
@Bean
TopicExchange exchange() {
return
new
TopicExchange(
"spring-boot-exchange"
);
}
@Bean
Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {
return
BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName);
}
@Bean
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
SimpleMessageListenerContainer container =
new
SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
container.setQueueNames(queueName);
container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter);
return
container;
}
@Bean
MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) {
return
new
MessageListenerAdapter(receiver,
"receiveMessage"
);
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.
class
, args);
}
}
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创建一个测试方法：
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@Component
public
class
Runner
implements
CommandLineRunner {
private
final
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
private
final
Receiver receiver;
private
final
ConfigurableApplicationContext context;
public
Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate,
ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
this
.receiver = receiver;
this
.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
this
.context = context;
}
@Override
public
void
run(String... args)
throws
Exception {
System.out.println(
"Sending message..."
);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName,
"Hello from RabbitMQ!"
);
receiver.getLatch().await(
10000
, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
context.close();
}
}
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启动程序，你会发现控制台打印：
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Sending message...
Received <Hello from RabbitMQ!>
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