转自：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38653290/article/details/84639754
列转行
测试数据
hive> select * from col_lie limit 10;
OK
col_lie.user_id col_lie.order_id
104399 1715131
104399 2105395
104399 1758844
104399 981085
104399 2444143
104399 1458638
104399 968412
104400 1609001
104400 2986088
104400 1795054
把相同user_id的order_id按照逗号转为一行
select user_id, concat_ws(',',collect_list(order_id)) as order_value from col_lie group by user_id limit 10;
//结果(简写)
user_id order_value
104399 1715131,2105395,1758844,981085,2444143
下面再看一个例子
例如：把星座和血型一样的人归类到一起
select t1.base, concat_ws('|', collect_set(t1.name)) name
from (select name, concat(constellation, ",", blood_type) base from person_info) t1 group by t1.base;
总结
使用函数：concat_ws(’,’,collect_set(column))
说明：collect_list 不去重，collect_set 去重。 column的数据类型要求是string
行转列
测试数据
hive> select * from lie_col;
OK lie_col.user_id lie_col.order_value
104408 2909888,2662805,2922438,674972,2877863,190237
104407 2982655,814964,1484250,2323912,2689723,2034331,1692373,677498,156562,2862492,338128 104406 1463273,2351480,1958037,2606570,3226561,3239512,990271,1436056,2262338,2858678
104405 153023,2076625,1734614,2796812,1633995,2298856,2833641,3286778,2402946,2944051,181577,464232
104404 1815641,108556,3110738,2536910,1977293,424564
104403 253936,2917434,2345879,235401,2268252,2149562,2910478,375109,932923,1989353 104402 3373196,1908678,291757,1603657,1807247,573497,1050134,3402420
104401 814760,213922,2008045,3305934,2130994,1602245,419609,2502539,3040058,2828163,3063469 104400 1609001,2986088,1795054,429550,1812893
104399 1715131,2105395,1758844,981085,2444143,1458638,968412
Time taken: 0.065 seconds, Fetched: 10 row(s)
将order_value的每条记录切割为单元素
select user_id,order_value,order_id from lie_col lateral view explode(split(order_value,',')) num as order_id limit 10;
//结果 user_id order_value order_id
104408 2909888,2662805,2922438,674972,2877863,190237 2909888
104408 2909888,2662805,2922438,674972,2877863,190237 2662805
104408 2909888,2662805,2922438,674972,2877863,190237 2922438
104408 2909888,2662805,2922438,674972,2877863,190237 674972
104408 2909888,2662805,2922438,674972,2877863,190237 2877863
104408 2909888,2662805,2922438,674972,2877863,190237 190237
104407 2982655,814964,1484250,2323912,2689723,2034331,1692373,677498,156562,2862492,338128 2982655
104407 2982655,814964,1484250,2323912,2689723,2034331,1692373,677498,156562,2862492,338128 814964
104407 2982655,814964,1484250,2323912,2689723,2034331,1692373,677498,156562,2862492,338128 1484250
104407 2982655,814964,1484250,2323912,2689723,2034331,1692373,677498,156562,2862492,338128 2323912
Time taken: 0.096 seconds, Fetched: 10 row(s)
下面再看这样一个例子
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例如：将电影分类中的数组数据展开
select
movie, category_name
from
movie_info lateral view explode(category) table_tmp as category_name;