SurfaceView介绍

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1.SurfaceView与View的区别

• View主要适用于主动更新的情况，而SurfaceView主要适用于被动更新，例如频繁刷新。
• View在主线程中对画面进行刷新，而SurfaceView通常会通过一个子线程对画面进行更新。
• View在绘图时没有使用双缓冲机制，而SurfaceView在底层实现机制中就已经实现了双缓冲机制。

2.SurfaceView的使用

• 创建SurfaceView，需要实现两个接口：SurfaceHolder.Callback和Runnable
• 初始化SurfaceView,初始化SurfaceHolder并注册其回调方法
• 使用SurfaceView，在surfaceCreated（）方法中开启子线程进行绘制

SurfaceView的代码模板：

package com.imooc.surfaceviewtest;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

public class SurfaceViewTemplate extends SurfaceView
        implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {

    // SurfaceHolder
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    // 用于绘图的Canvas
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    // 子线程标志位
    private boolean mIsDrawing;

    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public SurfaceViewTemplate(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
        //mHolder.setFormat(PixelFormat.OPAQUE);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = true;
        new Thread(this).start();
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder,
                               int format, int width, int height) {
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = false;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (mIsDrawing) {
            draw();
        }
    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();//获得当前的Canvas绘图对象
            // draw sth
        } catch (Exception e) {
        } finally {
            if (mCanvas != null)
            //对画布内容进行提交
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
        }
    }
}

3.SurfaceView的使用实例

绘制正弦曲线
代码如下：

public class SinView extends SurfaceView
        implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, Runnable {

    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Canvas mCanvas;
    private boolean mIsDrawing;
    private int x = 0;
    private int y = 0;
    private Path mPath;
    private Paint mPaint;

    public SinView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView();
    }

    public SinView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initView();
    }

    public SinView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        setFocusable(true);
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        this.setKeepScreenOn(true);
        mPath = new Path();
        mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
        mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
        mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
        mPaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = true;
        mPath.moveTo(0, 400);
        new Thread(this).start();
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder,
                               int format, int width, int height) {
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        mIsDrawing = false;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (mIsDrawing) {
            draw();
            x += 1;
            y = (int) (100*Math.sin(x * 2 * Math.PI / 180) + 400);
            mPath.lineTo(x, y);
        }
    }

    private void draw() {
        try {
            mCanvas = mHolder.lockCanvas();
            // SurfaceView背景
            mCanvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
            mCanvas.drawPath(mPath, mPaint);
        } catch (Exception e) {
        } finally {
            if (mCanvas != null)
                mHolder.unlockCanvasAndPost(mCanvas);
        }
    }
}

参考：Android群英传