blfs（systemd版本）学习笔记-前几章节的脚本配置

记录blfs书籍前几个章节的配置内容。

bash shell启动文件章节

1.切换root用户

su

2.创建/etc/profile文件

cat > /etc/profile << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/profile
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by James Robertson <[email protected]>
# modifications by Dagmar d'Surreal <[email protected]>

# System wide environment variables and startup programs.

# System wide aliases and functions should go in /etc/bashrc.  Personal
# environment variables and startup programs should go into
# ~/.bash_profile.  Personal aliases and functions should go into
# ~/.bashrc.

# Functions to help us manage paths.  Second argument is the name of the
# path variable to be modified (default: PATH)
pathremove () {
        local IFS=':'
        local NEWPATH
        local DIR
        local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
        for DIR in ${!PATHVARIABLE} ; do
                if [ "$DIR" != "$1" ] ; then
                  NEWPATH=${NEWPATH:+$NEWPATH:}$DIR
                fi
        done
        export $PATHVARIABLE="$NEWPATH"
}

pathprepend () {
        pathremove $1 $2
        local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
        export $PATHVARIABLE="$1${!PATHVARIABLE:+:${!PATHVARIABLE}}"
}

pathappend () {
        pathremove $1 $2
        local PATHVARIABLE=${2:-PATH}
        export $PATHVARIABLE="${!PATHVARIABLE:+${!PATHVARIABLE}:}$1"
}

export -f pathremove pathprepend pathappend

# Set the initial path
export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin

if [ $EUID -eq 0 ] ; then
        pathappend /sbin:/usr/sbin
        unset HISTFILE
fi

# Setup some environment variables.
export HISTSIZE=1000
export HISTIGNORE="&:[bf]g:exit"

# Set some defaults for graphical systems
export XDG_DATA_DIRS=${XDG_DATA_DIRS:-/usr/share/}
export XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=${XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:-/etc/xdg/}
export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:-/tmp/xdg-$USER}

# Setup a red prompt for root and a green one for users.
NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"
RED="\[\e[1;31m\]"
GREEN="\[\e[1;32m\]"
if [[ $EUID == 0 ]] ; then
  PS1="$RED\u [ $NORMAL\w$RED ]# $NORMAL"
else
  PS1="$GREEN\u [ $NORMAL\w$GREEN ]\$ $NORMAL"
fi

for script in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
        if [ -r $script ] ; then
                . $script
        fi
done

unset script RED GREEN NORMAL

# End /etc/profile
EOF

3.创建/etc/profile.d 放置各个初始化脚本的目录

install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/profile.d

4.创建/etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh脚本

cat > /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
# Import bash completion scripts

for script in /etc/bash_completion.d/*.sh ; do
        if [ -r $script ] ; then
                . $script
        fi
done
# End /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh
EOF

5.确保该目录存在

install --directory --mode=0755 --owner=root --group=root /etc/bash_completion.d

6.创建/etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh脚本

cat > /etc/profile.d/dircolors.sh << "EOF"
# Setup for /bin/ls and /bin/grep to support color, the alias is in /etc/bashrc.
if [ -f "/etc/dircolors" ] ; then
        eval $(dircolors -b /etc/dircolors)
fi

if [ -f "$HOME/.dircolors" ] ; then
        eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)
fi

alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
EOF

7.创建/etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh脚本

cat > /etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh << "EOF"
if [ -d /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig ] ; then
        pathappend /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig PKG_CONFIG_PATH
fi
if [ -d /usr/local/bin ]; then
        pathprepend /usr/local/bin
fi
if [ -d /usr/local/sbin -a $EUID -eq 0 ]; then
        pathprepend /usr/local/sbin
fi

# Set some defaults before other applications add to these paths.
pathappend /usr/share/man  MANPATH
pathappend /usr/share/info INFOPATH
EOF

8.创建/etc/profile.d/readline.sh脚本

cat > /etc/profile.d/readline.sh << "EOF"
# Setup the INPUTRC environment variable.
if [ -z "$INPUTRC" -a ! -f "$HOME/.inputrc" ] ; then
        INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc
fi
export INPUTRC
EOF

9.创建/etc/profile.d/umask.sh脚本

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cat > /etc/profile.d/umask.sh << "EOF"
# By default, the umask should be set.
if [ "$(id -gn)" = "$(id -un)" -a $EUID -gt 99 ] ; then
  umask 002
else
  umask 022
fi
EOF

10.创建用于语言支持的脚本

cat > /etc/profile.d/i18n.sh << "EOF"
# Set up i18n variables
export LANG=en_US.utf8
EOF

11.创建/etc/bashrc文件

cat > /etc/bashrc << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/bashrc
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by James Robertson <[email protected]>
# updated by Bruce Dubbs <[email protected]>

# System wide aliases and functions.

# System wide environment variables and startup programs should go into
# /etc/profile.  Personal environment variables and startup programs
# should go into ~/.bash_profile.  Personal aliases and functions should
# go into ~/.bashrc

# Provides colored /bin/ls and /bin/grep commands.  Used in conjunction
# with code in /etc/profile.

alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'

# Provides prompt for non-login shells, specifically shells started
# in the X environment. [Review the LFS archive thread titled
# PS1 Environment Variable for a great case study behind this script
# addendum.]

NORMAL="\[\e[0m\]"

12.创建/etc/ske目录

mkdir /etc/skel

13.创建/etc/skel/.bash_profile配置文件

cat > /etc/skel/.bash_profile << "EOF"
# Begin ~/.bash_profile
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by James Robertson <[email protected]>
# updated by Bruce Dubbs <[email protected]>

# Personal environment variables and startup programs.

# Personal aliases and functions should go in ~/.bashrc. System wide
# environment variables and startup programs are in /etc/profile.
# System wide aliases and functions are in /etc/bashrc.

if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ] ; then
source $HOME/.bashrc
fi

if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
pathprepend $HOME/bin
fi

# Having . in the PATH is dangerous
#if [ $EUID -gt 99 ]; then
# pathappend .
#fi

# End ~/.bash_profile
EOF

14.创建/etc/skel/.profile配置文件

cat > /etc/skel/.profile << "EOF"
# Begin ~/.profile
# Personal environment variables and startup programs.

if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
  pathprepend $HOME/bin
fi

# Set up user specific i18n variables
#export LANG=<ll>_<CC>.<charmap><@modifiers>

# End ~/.profile
EOF

15.创建/etc/skel/.bashrc文件

cat > /etc/skel/.bashrc << "EOF"
# Begin ~/.bashrc
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by James Robertson <[email protected]>

# Personal aliases and functions.

# Personal environment variables and startup programs should go in
# ~/.bash_profile.  System wide environment variables and startup
# programs are in /etc/profile.  System wide aliases and functions are
# in /etc/bashrc.

if [ -f "/etc/bashrc" ] ; then
  source /etc/bashrc
fi

# Set up user specific i18n variables
#export LANG=<ll>_<CC>.<charmap><@modifiers>

# End ~/.bashrc
EOF

16.创建/etc/skel/.bash_logout文件

cat > /etc/skel/.bash_logout << "EOF"
# Begin ~/.bash_logout
# Written for Beyond Linux From Scratch
# by James Robertson <[email protected]>

# Personal items to perform on logout.

# End ~/.bash_logout
EOF

17.复制配置文件至root用户下

cp /etc/skel/.* ~/

18.创建/etc/dircolors文件

dircolors -p > /etc/dircolors

19.创建/etc/issue文件内容自定义，下面贴出书中反斜杠后每个字符的意义

#vim /etc/issue

b             插入当前行的波特率。
d             插入当前日期。
s             插入系统名，操作系统的名称。
l             插入当前tty行名称。
m             插入机器的架构标识符，如i686。
n             插入机器的节点名，也就是主机名。
o             插入机器的域名。
r             插入内核的版本号，例如2.6.11.12。
t             插入当前时间。
u             插入当前登录的用户数量。
U             插入字符串“1 user”或“<n> users”，其中<n>为当前登录的用户数量。
v             插入操作系统的版本，例如，构建日期等。

我的配置文件内容

Welcome to login! \s (\l)

20.下载lsb_releas包并校验md5

# wget https://downloads.sourceforge.net/lsb/lsb-release-1.4.tar.gz

md5sum -c md5sums

解压并进入lsb_releas包

#tar -xvf lsb-release-1.4.tar.gz

cd lsb-release-1.4

参照书中说明编译安装

sed -i "s|n/a|unavailable|" lsb_release

./help2man -N --include ./lsb_release.examples \
              --alt_version_key=program_version ./lsb_release > lsb_release.1

su

install -v -m 644 lsb_release.1 /usr/share/man/man1 &&
install -v -m 755 lsb_release   /usr/bin

返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压包目录

cd /sources/blfs-sources/

rm -rf lsb-release-1.4

21.创建用户并设置密码

useradd -m <newuser>

passwd <newuser>

22.全部配置完重启

reboot