NIO —— 阻塞式IO 示例

一、使用 NIO 完成网络通信的三个核心：

1. 通道（Channel）：负责连接

      java.nio.channels.Channel 接口：
   		|--SelectableChannel
   			|--SocketChannel
   			|--ServerSocketChannel
   			|--DatagramChannel
   
   			|--Pipe.SinkChannel
   			|--Pipe.SourceChannel
   

2. 缓冲区（Buffer）：负责数据的存取

3. 选择器（Selector）：是 SelectableChannel 的多路复用器。用于监控 SelectableChannel 的 IO 状况

下面的例子是 阻塞式IO

示例1、 客户端向服务端发送数据

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;

import org.junit.Test;

public class TestBlockingNIO {

	//客户端
	@Test
	public void client() throws IOException{
		//1. 获取通道
		SocketChannel sChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9898));
		
		FileChannel inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("1.jpg"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
		
		//2. 分配指定大小的缓冲区
		ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
		
		//3. 读取本地文件，并发送到服务端
		while(inChannel.read(buf) != -1){
			buf.flip();
			sChannel.write(buf);
			buf.clear();
		}
		
		//4. 关闭通道
		inChannel.close();
		sChannel.close();
	}
	
	//服务端
	@Test
	public void server() throws IOException{
		//1. 获取通道
		ServerSocketChannel ssChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
		
		FileChannel outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("2.jpg"), StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
		
		//2. 绑定连接
		ssChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9898));
		
		//3. 获取客户端连接的通道
		SocketChannel sChannel = ssChannel.accept();
		
		//4. 分配指定大小的缓冲区
		ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
		
		//5. 接收客户端的数据，并保存到本地
		while(sChannel.read(buf) != -1){
			buf.flip();
			outChannel.write(buf);
			buf.clear();
		}
		
		//6. 关闭通道
		sChannel.close();
		outChannel.close();
		ssChannel.close();
	}	
}

示例2、客户端向服务端发送数据，服务端完成以后，向客户端发送反馈信息。

/**
 * 此例子是 客户端向服务端发送数据，服务端完成以后，向客户端发送反馈信息。
 * 
 * 与 TestBlockingNIO.java 的不同是 客户端 可以接收服务端的反馈信息
 */
public class TestBlockingNIO2 {
	
	//客户端
	@Test
	public void client() throws IOException{
		SocketChannel sChannel = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9898));
		
		FileChannel inChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("1.jpg"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
		
		ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
		
		while(inChannel.read(buf) != -1){
			buf.flip();
			sChannel.write(buf);
			buf.clear();
		}
		
		sChannel.shutdownOutput();
		
		/*
		 * 接收服务端的反馈
		 */
		int len = 0;
		while((len = sChannel.read(buf)) != -1){
			buf.flip();
			System.out.println(new String(buf.array(), 0, buf.limit()));
			buf.clear();
		}
		
		inChannel.close();
		sChannel.close();
	}
	
	//服务端
	@Test
	public void server() throws IOException{
		ServerSocketChannel ssChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
		
		FileChannel outChannel = FileChannel.open(Paths.get("2.jpg"), StandardOpenOption.WRITE, StandardOpenOption.CREATE);
		
		ssChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9898));
		
		SocketChannel sChannel = ssChannel.accept();
		
		ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
		
		while(sChannel.read(buf) != -1){
			buf.flip();
			outChannel.write(buf);
			buf.clear();
		}
		
		/*
		 * 向客户端发送反馈信息
		 */
		buf.put("服务端接收数据成功".getBytes());
		buf.flip();
		sChannel.write(buf);
		
		sChannel.close();
		outChannel.close();
		ssChannel.close();
	}
}