1.先查看新的盘所在位置 运行命令
fdisk -l
返回如下
Disk /dev/xvda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000d7b57
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvda1 2048 8386559 4192256 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/xvda2 * 8386560 83886079 37749760 83 Linux
Disk /dev/xvde: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 39162 cylinders, total 629145600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/xvde doesn't contain a valid partition table
2.发现我们的那块硬盘是/dev/xvde，运行格式化命令对硬盘进行格式化
fdisk /dev/xvde
在格式化的过程中，要依次输入 m（查看帮助） n（添加一个新的分区） p（主分区） 1 w（保存）
整个过程如下
szvphicpra16181:/opt # fdisk /dev/xvde
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xad312bcf.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-629145599, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-629145599, default 629145599):
Using default value 629145599
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
3.经过格式化分区表之后，在用fdisk -l 命令发现已经有分区表了
szvphicpra16181:/opt # fdisk -l
Disk /dev/xvda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000d7b57
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvda1 2048 8386559 4192256 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/xvda2 * 8386560 83886079 37749760 83 Linux
Disk /dev/xvde: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes
129 heads, 6 sectors/track, 812849 cylinders, total 629145600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xad312bcf
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvde1 2048 629145599 314571776 83 Linux
采用ext3格式进行格式化 运行如下命令，与结果如下：
szvphicpra16181:/opt # mkfs -t ext3 -c /dev/xvde1
mke2fs 1.41.9 (22-Aug-2009)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
19660800 inodes, 78642944 blocks
3932147 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
2400 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616
Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
4.最后将对应的硬盘mount到相关的目录下
szvphicpra16181:/opt # mount /dev/xvde1 /opt/
mount: warning: /opt/ seems to be mounted read-only.
5.通过df -h 命令可以看到 目录中硬盘的挂载情况
szvphicpra16181:/opt # df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda2 36G 17G 19G 47% /
udev 7.8G 120K 7.8G 1% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 72K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/xvde1 296G 191M 281G 1% /opt
6.想要系统启动时，自动挂载该硬盘，则需要如下操作：
#vi /etc/fstab
在最后一行添加
/dev/xvde1 /opt ext3 defaults 1 2