[转]SQLServer添加UPDATE回滚日志(update/delete/insert)

下面直接上代码（copy到你的数据库里面直接就可以运行）：

　　

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[SP_UPDATE_LOG]
@TABLENAME VARCHAR(50)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE NAME = @TABLENAME AND TYPE = 'U' )
BEGIN
PRINT'ERROR：not exist table '+@TABLENAME
RETURN
END
IF (@TABLENAME LIKE'BACKUP_%' OR @TABLENAME='UPDATE_LOG' )
BEGIN
--PRINT'ERROR：not exist table '+@TABLENAME
RETURN
END
--================================判断是否存在 UPDATE_LOG 表============================
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE NAME = 'UPDATE_LOG' AND TYPE = 'U')
CREATE TABLE UPDATE_LOG
(
UpdateGUID VARCHAR(36),
UpdateTime DATETIME,
TableName varchar(20),
UpdateType varchar(6),
RollBackSQL varchar(MAX),
ExecSQL VARCHAR(500)
)
--=================================判断是否存在 BACKUP_ 表================================
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE NAME = 'BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME AND TYPE = 'U')
BEGIN
DECLARE test_Cursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT COLUMN_NAME,DATA_TYPE,CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
WHERE TABLE_NAME=@TABLENAME
OPEN test_Cursor
DECLARE @SQLTB NVARCHAR(MAX)=''
DECLARE @COLUMN_NAME NVARCHAR(50),@DATA_TYPE VARCHAR(20),@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH INT
FETCH NEXT FROM test_Cursor INTO @COLUMN_NAME,@DATA_TYPE,@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
SET @SQLTB=@SQLTB+'['+@COLUMN_NAME+'] '+@DATA_TYPE+CASE ISNULL(@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH,0) WHEN 0 THEN '' WHEN -1 THEN '(MAX)' ELSE'('+CAST(@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(10))+')' END+','
FETCH NEXT FROM test_Cursor INTO @COLUMN_NAME,@DATA_TYPE,@CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH
END
SET @SQLTB='CREATE TABLE BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' (UpdateGUID varchar(36),UpdateType Varchar(10),'+SUBSTRING(@SQLTB,1,LEN(@SQLTB)-1)+')'
EXEC (@SQLTB)
CLOSE test_Cursor
DEALLOCATE test_Cursor
END
--======================================判断是否存在 UPDATE 触发器=========================
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE NAME = 'tg_'+@TABLENAME+'_Update' AND TYPE = 'TR')
BEGIN
DECLARE @SQLTR NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @SQLTR='
CREATE TRIGGER tg_'+@TABLENAME+'_Update
ON '+@TABLENAME+'
AFTER Update,Delete,Insert
AS
BEGIN 
SET NOCOUNT ON;
--==============================获取GUID==========================================
DECLARE @NEWID VARCHAR(36)=NEWID()

--===========================将删掉或新增的数据插入备份表=========================
DECLARE @ROWCOUNT INT
INSERT INTO [dbo].[BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+']
SELECT @NEWID,''DELETE'',* FROM deleted
SET @ROWCOUNT=@@ROWCOUNT
IF @ROWCOUNT>0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+']
SELECT @NEWID,''INSERT'',* FROM inserted
END
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+']
SELECT @NEWID,''INSERT'',* FROM inserted
SET @ROWCOUNT=@@ROWCOUNT
END

--==============================记录日志和回滚操作的SQL===========================


--******************生成插入语句用到的列名（需避开自增字段）********************
DECLARE @COLUMN1 NVARCHAR(MAX)=''''
SELECT @COLUMN1+='',[''+COLUMN_NAME+'']'' FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
WHERE TABLE_NAME='''+@TABLENAME+'''
AND COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('''+@TABLENAME+'''),COLUMN_NAME,''IsIdentity'')<>1 --非自增字段
SET @COLUMN1=SUBSTRING(@COLUMN1,2,LEN(@COLUMN1))



--*******************动态定义变量、删除条件匹配的列********************
DECLARE @DECLARE VARCHAR(MAX)='''',@INTODECLARE VARCHAR(MAX)='''',@WHERE VARCHAR(MAX)='''',@COLUMN2 VARCHAR(MAX)=''''
SELECT @DECLARE+=''@''+COLUMN_NAME+'' ''+DATA_TYPE+CASE ISNULL(CAST(CHARACTER_OCTET_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(10)),'''') WHEN '''' THEN '','' WHEN ''-1'' THEN ''(MAX),'' ELSE ''(''+CAST(CHARACTER_OCTET_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(10))+''),'' END,
@INTODECLARE+=''@''+COLUMN_NAME+'','',
@COLUMN2+=''[''+COLUMN_NAME+''],'' ,
@WHERE += ''ISNULL(''+ COLUMN_NAME+'','''''''')=ISNULL(@''+COLUMN_NAME+'','''''''') AND ''
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
WHERE TABLE_NAME='''+@TABLENAME+'''
SET @DECLARE=LEFT(@DECLARE,LEN(@DECLARE)-1)
SET @INTODECLARE=LEFT(@INTODECLARE,LEN(@INTODECLARE)-1)
SET @COLUMN2=LEFT(@COLUMN2,LEN(@COLUMN2)-1)
SET @WHERE= LEFT(@WHERE,LEN(@WHERE)-3)

--*******************判断是否还原当前表的最近一次操作******************* 
DECLARE @SQL_ISLAST VARCHAR(MAX)=''
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @maxdate datetime
SELECT @maxdate=max(updatetime) FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE TableName='''''+@TABLENAME+'''''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime=@maxdate AND UPDATEGUID=''''''+@NEWID+'''''')
BEGIN
DECLARE @MAXGUID VARCHAR(50)
SELECT @MAXGUID=UPDATEGUID FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime=@maxdate
PRINT ''''此操作并非最近一次操作，请逐步还原,此表最近一次操作的GUID是：''''+@MAXGUID
RETURN
END
''

--********************还原insert和update操作用到的SQL*******************

DECLARE @SQL_DELETE VARCHAR(MAX)=''
SET ROWCOUNT 1 --设定相同条件下只删除1行 
DECLARE Cursor_ CURSOR FOR
SELECT ''+@COLUMN2+'' FROM BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' WHERE UPDATEGUID= ''''''+@NEWID+'''''' AND UpdateType=''''INSERT''''
OPEN Cursor_
DECLARE ''+@DECLARE+''
FETCH NEXT FROM Cursor_ INTO ''+@INTODECLARE+''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN 
DELETE FROM '+@TABLENAME+' WHERE ''+@WHERE+''
FETCH NEXT FROM Cursor_ INTO ''+@INTODECLARE+''
END
CLOSE Cursor_
DEALLOCATE Cursor_
SET ROWCOUNT 0
''

--*********************还原delete和update操作用到的SQL*******************

DECLARE @SQL_INSERT VARCHAR(MAX)=''
INSERT INTO '+@TABLENAME+' SELECT ''+@COLUMN1+'' FROM BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' WHERE UPDATEGUID=''''''+@NEWID+'''''' AND UpdateType=''''DELETE''''
''

--*********************还原操作之后把备份表和log表的记录删掉*************

DECLARE @SQL_DELGUID VARCHAR(MAX)=''
DELETE FROM BACKUP_'+@TABLENAME+' WHERE UPDATEGUID IN(SELECT UPDATEGUID FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime>=@maxdate AND TableName='''''+@TABLENAME+''''')
DELETE FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UpdateTime>=@maxdate AND TableName='''''+@TABLENAME+'''''
PRINT ''''回滚操作执行成功，共恢复 ''+CAST(@ROWCOUNT AS VARCHAR(10))+'' 条记录''''
SET NOCOUNT OFF
''

--*********************执行还原操作的SQL**********************************

DECLARE @EXECSQL VARCHAR(500)=''
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT @SQL=ROLLBACKSQL FROM UPDATE_LOG WHERE UPDATEGUID=''''''+@NEWID+'''''' 
EXEC(@SQL) 
''

--==============================判断执行的哪种操作方式=================================

DECLARE @DoType VARCHAR(MAX)=''UPDATE''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM deleted)
SET @DoType=''INSERT''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM inserted)
SET @DoType=''DELETE''
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM deleted) AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM inserted)
RETURN
IF @DoType=''UPDATE''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]
SELECT @NEWID,GETDATE(),'''+@TABLENAME+''',''UPDATE'',@SQL_ISLAST+@SQL_DELETE+@SQL_INSERT+@SQL_DELGUID,@EXECSQL
RETURN
END
IF @DoType=''DELETE''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]
SELECT @NEWID,GETDATE(),'''+@TABLENAME+''',''DELETE'',@SQL_ISLAST+@SQL_INSERT+@SQL_DELGUID,@EXECSQL
RETURN
END
IF @DoType=''INSERT''
BEGIN
INSERT INTO [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]
SELECT @NEWID,GETDATE(),'''+@TABLENAME+''',''INSERT'',@SQL_ISLAST+@SQL_DELETE+@SQL_DELGUID,@EXECSQL
RETURN
END
END
'
EXEC (@SQLTR)
END
END

运行这段代码，你会创建一个存储过程，下面来建一个测试表简单测一下这个存储过程的功能吧：

CREATE TABLE test(
[id] [int] NULL,
[name] [varchar](10) NULL
) 

INSERT INTO test
SELECT 1,'a'
UNION ALL
SELECT 2,'b'
UNION ALL
SELECT 3,'c'
UNION ALL
SELECT 4,'d'
UNION ALL
SELECT 5,'a'
UNION ALL
SELECT 6,'b'

SELECT * FROM test

检查一下，表建好了：

 

接着执行存储过程给test表添加回滚日志：

EXEC SP_UPDATE_LOG 'test'    --给test表建立update回滚日志
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[BACKUP_test]    --test表数据备份
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[UPDATE_LOG]    --update操作记录

这时候你会发现生成了两张表:backup_test 和 update_log，包括test表下建立了触发器，backup_test是test表的备份表，由test表专用，update_log表是所有建立update回滚日志的表所公用的。这个表里面记录每张表操作的时间，做了何种操作，包括执行回滚的SQL：

 

下面测一下回滚的功能吧，我要把test表改得面目全非，然后再执行回滚：

 

update 操作被我一不小心执行了两次，变成了这副德行，下面我开始还原操作，先查询下update_log这张表：

 

产生了两条操作记录，copy ExecSQL里面的SQL语句执行，注意要先执行时间最近的操作记录，一步一步还原：

 

还原一步之后变成了这个样子，下面再还原一步：

 

到目前为止看下完全还原了吧~

 

好了，这个update的回滚日志也该介绍完了~终于打完了，手好累啊~~

PS:执行delete和insert操作也是一样的回滚步骤

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/Wikey_Zhang/article/details/73994020