安卓注册（服务器客户端）
做安卓开发有很多时候都是要和web交互的，我们很难制作本地应用，这次把小弟整出来的安卓和服务器通讯贡献出来，希望能帮到需要的朋友，同时也是加深印象。
我们先来搭建安卓客户端，首先写好布局文件：
1.布局文件Register.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:background="@drawable/fuction_fond_bg"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ImageView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/setting_btn" >
</ImageView>
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="请输入您的注册信息："
android:textColor="#6495ED"
android:textSize="20dip" >
</TextView>
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="2dip"
android:background="#FF909090" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="20dip"
android:background="#FFFFFF"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="10dp" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="帐 号: "
android:textColor="#6495ED" >
</TextView>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/username"
android:layout_width="190dip"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
</EditText>
</LinearLayout>
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="2dip"
android:background="#FF909090" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="密 码: "
android:textColor="#6495ED" >
</TextView>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/password"
android:layout_width="190dip"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:password="true" >
</EditText>
</LinearLayout>
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="2dip"
android:background="#FF909090" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="确认密码 : "
android:textColor="#6495ED" >
</TextView>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/confirmpsw"
android:layout_width="190dip"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:password="true" >
</EditText>
</LinearLayout>
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="2dip"
android:background="#FF909090" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="昵 称: "
android:textColor="#6495ED" >
</TextView>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/nikename"
android:layout_width="190dip"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
</EditText>
</LinearLayout>
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="2dip"
android:background="#FF909090" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
android:text="性 别: "
android:textColor="#6495ED" >
</TextView>
<RadioGroup
android:id="@+id/gender_group_rb"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/male_rb"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="男 "
android:textColor="#6495ED" >
</RadioButton>
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/female_rb"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="女"
android:textColor="#6495ED" >
</RadioButton>
</RadioGroup>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<ImageView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
</ImageView>
</LinearLayout>
<View
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="2dip"
android:background="#FF909090" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/register_btn"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:background="@drawable/new_button_bg"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="注 册" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
2.Activity文件：RegisterActivity.java
为了让大家看得方便，我逐个为大家讲解：
1.初始化视图控件：
/**
* 初始化视图控件
*/
private void initView() {
username_et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.username);
password_et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.password);
confirmpsw_et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.confirmpsw);
nikename_et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.nikename);
register_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.register_btn);
register_btn.setOnClickListener(listener);
gender_group_rb = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.gender_group_rb);
gender_group_rb.setOnCheckedChangeListener(checkListener);
}
2.当我们填写好数据后，点击注册按钮，调用注册这个方法：
/**
* 注册按钮的点击
*/
private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
doRegister();
}
};
/**
* 开始注册
*/
private void doRegister() {
pd = ProgressDialog.show(RegisterActivity.this, "正在注册..",
"正在注册中..请稍后....", true, true);
// 1.获取数据
username = username_et.getText().toString();
password = password_et.getText().toString();
confirmpsw = confirmpsw_et.getText().toString();
nickname = nikename_et.getText().toString();
// 2.进行校验,不对返回，否则继续
if (checkNull(username) || checkNull(password) || checkNull(confirmpsw)
|| checkNull(gender) || checkNull(nickname)) {
Toast.makeText(this, "请填写完整数据", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
// TODO 这里本应该完整校验的，暂时偷懒
return;
}
// 3.开始向服务器注册
Thread thread = new Thread(registerRunnable);
thread.start();
}
因为做的比较简陋，详细的表单校验没有写，点击注册开启一个子线程来处理和服务器打交道的耗时操作。在注册的过程中用的httpUrlConnection连接服务器，向服务器提交注册信息。
/**
* 开始注册的线程
*/
Runnable registerRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// 1.拼装数据
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("<users>");
sb.append("<user>");
sb.append("<username>");
sb.append(username);
sb.append("</username>");
sb.append("<password>");
sb.append(password);
sb.append("</password>");
sb.append("<nickname>");
sb.append(nickname);
sb.append("</nickname>");
sb.append("<gender>");
sb.append(gender);
sb.append("</gender>");
sb.append("</user>");
sb.append("</users>");
// 2.开始写数据
byte content[] = sb.toString().getBytes();
try {
URL url = new URL(Constant.REGISTER_SERVLET);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "mutipart/form-data");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", content.length + "");
conn.getOutputStream().write(content);
// 3.获取服务器返回的数据
if (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
RegisterResultTool resultTool = new RegisterResultTool();
String result = resultTool.getResultFromInputStream(in);
// 4.提交结果
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = result;
msg.what = 200;
registerResultHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = 400;
registerResultHandler.sendMessage(msg);
e.printStackTrace();
}
pd.cancel();
}
};
向服务器提交数据后，服务器会返回一些结果数据，我们就需要处理这些结果数据：
/**
* 处理服务器返回结果的类
*
* @author Larson
*
*/
private class RegisterResultTool {
/**
* 从服务器返回的数据中读取返回结果
*
* @param in
* @return
*/
public String getResultFromInputStream(InputStream in) {
String result = "";
SAXParserFactory sf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
XMLReader xr = sf.newSAXParser().getXMLReader();
RegisterResultHandler rrh = new RegisterResultHandler();
xr.setContentHandler(rrh);
xr.parse(new InputSource(in));
result = rrh.getResult();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}
/**
* 因为服务器返回的是xml形式，所以需要解析
*
* @author Larson
*
*/
private class RegisterResultHandler extends DefaultHandler {
/**
* 获得的服务器返回结果
*/
private String result;
/**
* 临时存取数据的变量
*/
private String var="";
/**
* 获取返回值
*
* @return
*/
public String getResult() {
return result;
}
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
}
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
var += new String(ch, start, length);
super.characters(ch, start, length);
}
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
/**
* 取出info标签的数据（服务器返回的注册结果）
*/
if (qName.equals("info")) {
result = var.trim();
}
super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
}
}
获取结果后，在handler中刷新ui通知用户：
/**
* 处理返回结果的handler
* 如果返回的数据是服务器给的成功数据，注册成功，否则就是服务器有问题
*/
private Handler registerResultHandler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
System.out.println(msg.obj+"-------------"+msg.what);
switch (msg.what) {
case 400:
Toast.makeText(RegisterActivity.this, "注册失败.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 200:
String str = (String) msg.obj;
if(str.contains("regist_ok"))
Toast.makeText(RegisterActivity.this, "注册成功.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
else
Toast.makeText(RegisterActivity.this, "服务器未开放.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
default:
break;
}
};
};
接下来我们来写服务器端：
服务器段用registerServlet处理客户端请求：registerServlet.java:
package com.larson.pm;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.larson.tools.RegisterResultTool;
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.获取输入输出流
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
InputStream in = request.getInputStream();
//2.处理客户端发送的数据
RegisterResultTool tool = new RegisterResultTool();
String result = tool.register(in);
//3.向客户端写相应数据
out.write(result);
out.flush();
out.close();
in.close();
}
}
servlet拿到客户端的数据inputStream，用一个工具类RegisterResultTool.java处理这些数据：
package com.larson.tools;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import com.larson.bean.UserInfo;
import com.larson.daoimpl.UserDao;
import com.larson.handler.RegisterHandler;
/**
* 处理客户端发送过来数据的类
*
* @author Larson
*
*/
public class RegisterResultTool {
/**
* 处理客户端发送过来数据的类
* @param in
* 客户端的流
* @return 处理结果
*/
public String register(InputStream in) {
String result = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
//1.获取解析工厂
SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
XMLReader reader= null;
try {
//2.自定义解析过程
reader = factory.newSAXParser().getXMLReader();
RegisterHandler handler = new RegisterHandler();
reader.setContentHandler(handler);
//3.开始解析客户端过来的输入流,并把数据封装到userInfo的bean中
reader.parse(new InputSource(in));
UserInfo user = handler.getUser();
//4.往服务器的数据库添加一条用户信息
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
dao.add(user);
//5.完成后给客户端反馈消息
sb.append("<info>");
sb.append("regist_ok");
sb.append("</info>");
} catch (Exception e) {
//TODO 解析失败
sb.append("<info>");
sb.append("regist_fail");
sb.append("</info>");
e.printStackTrace();
}
result = sb.toString();
return result;
}
}
再次过程中，我们需要自定义一个sax解析xml的handler对数据进行处理封装到bean文件中：
RegisterHandler.java:
package com.larson.handler;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import com.larson.bean.UserInfo;
public class RegisterHandler extends DefaultHandler {
private UserInfo user;
private String var="";
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
//遇到user标签就表示是一个user对象
if(qName.equals("user"))
user = new UserInfo();
super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
}
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
throws SAXException {
if("username".equals(qName))
user.setUsername(var);
if("password".equals(qName))
user.setPassword(var);
if("nickname".equals(qName))
user.setNickname(var);
if("gender".equals(qName))
user.setGender(var);
//设置完临时属性置空
var="";
super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
}
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
var+=new String(ch, start, length);
super.characters(ch, start, length);
}
/**
* 获取填充完属性的user对象
* @return
*/
public UserInfo getUser() {
return user;
}
}
，处理完毕以后，需要把这些数据写入到数据库，生成一条新的用户信息记录，因此需要些一个UserDao。，而我们习惯性用jdbcutils管理连接，这里为了代码可重用更好，我把所有修改的方法集合到一个update方法里面：JdbcUtils.java：
package com.larson.tools;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;
import com.larson.handler.ResultSetHandler;
/**
* 数据库相关
* @author Larson
*
*/
public class JdbcUtils {
// private static ComboPooledDataSource ds = null;
private static Connection conn;
static{
try{
InputStream in = JdbcUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(in);
String url = properties.getProperty("url");
String user = properties.getProperty("user");
String passwd = properties.getProperty("password");
String driver = properties.getProperty("driver");
Class.forName(driver);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, passwd);
// ds = new ComboPooledDataSource();
// ds.setDriverClass(driver);
// ds.setJdbcUrl(url);
// ds.setUser(user);
// ds.setPassword(passwd);
//
// ds.setInitialPoolSize(10);
// ds.setMinPoolSize(5);
// ds.setMaxPoolSize(20);
//
// ds = new ComboPooledDataSource();
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
}
}
/**
* 获取连接
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{
// return ds.getConnection();
return conn;
}
/**
* 释放连接
* @param conn
* @param st
* @param rs
*/
public static void release(Connection conn,Statement st,ResultSet rs){
if(rs!=null){
try{
rs.close();
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
rs = null;
}
if(st!=null){
try{
st.close();
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(conn!=null){
try{
conn.close();
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 替换dao中的增删改方法
* @param sql
* @param params
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static void update(String sql,Object params[]) throws SQLException{
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement st = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try{
conn = getConnection();
st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i=0;i<params.length;i++){
st.setObject(i+1, params[i]);
}
st.executeUpdate();
}finally{
release(conn, st, rs);
}
}
/**
* 替换所有dao中的查询 策略模式
* @param sql
* @param params
* @param rsh
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static Object query(String sql,Object params[],ResultSetHandler rsh) throws SQLException{
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement st = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try{
conn = getConnection();
st = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i=0;i<params.length;i++){
st.setObject(i+1, params[i]);
}
rs = st.executeQuery();
return rsh.handler(rs);
}finally{
release(conn, st, rs);
}
}
}
然后便是UserDao.java：
package com.larson.daoimpl;
import com.larson.bean.UserInfo;
import com.larson.exception.DaoException;
import com.larson.handler.BeanHandler;
import com.larson.tools.JdbcUtils;
public class UserDao {
public void add(UserInfo user) {
try {
String sql = "insert into user(username,password,gender,nickname) values(?,?,?,?)";
Object params[] = { user.getUsername(),
user.getPassword(), user.getGender(),user.getNickname() };
for(Object obj:params)
System.out.println("userdao add---"+obj);
JdbcUtils.update(sql, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new DaoException(e);
}
}
public void update(UserInfo user) {
try {
String sql = "update user set user=?,password=?,gender=?,nickname=? where id=?";
Object params[] = { user.getId(), user.getUsername(),
user.getPassword(), user.getNickname(), user.getId() };
JdbcUtils.update(sql, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new DaoException(e);
}
}
public void delete(String id) {
try {
String sql = "delete from user where id=?";
Object params[] = { id };
JdbcUtils.update(sql, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new DaoException(e);
}
}
public UserInfo find(String id) {
try {
String sql = "select * from user where id=?";
Object params[] = { id };
return (UserInfo) JdbcUtils.query(sql, params, new BeanHandler(
UserInfo.class));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new DaoException(e);
}
}
}
为了方便，我把bean文件也贴出来：
userInfo.java:
package com.larson.bean;
public class UserInfo {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String gender;
private String nickname;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public String getNickname() {
return nickname;
}
public void setNickname(String nickname) {
this.nickname = nickname;
}
}
本来准备用数据库连接池的，可是老是报错，就是上面注释的那几行，有懂的人麻烦告诉我，感激不尽。