三种实现登录验证的方式

Cookie登录验证

def check_login(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
        next_url = request.get_full_path()
        if request.get_signed_cookie("login", salt="SSS", default=None) == "yes":
            # 已经登录的用户...
            return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            # 没有登录的用户，跳转刚到登录页面
            return redirect("/login/?next={}".format(next_url))
    return inner


def login(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        passwd = request.POST.get("password")
        if username == "xxx" and passwd == "dashabi":
            next_url = request.GET.get("next")
            if next_url and next_url != "/logout/":
                response = redirect(next_url)
            else:
                response = redirect("/class_list/")
            response.set_signed_cookie("login", "yes", salt="SSS")
            return response
    return render(request, "login.html")

Session版登陆验证

Session版登陆验证
from functools import wraps


def check_login(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
        next_url = request.get_full_path()
        if request.session.get("user"):
            return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            return redirect("/login/?next={}".format(next_url))
    return inner


def login(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        user = request.POST.get("user")
        pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")

        if user == "alex" and pwd == "alex1234":
            # 设置session
            request.session["user"] = user
            # 获取跳到登陆页面之前的URL
            next_url = request.GET.get("next")
            # 如果有，就跳转回登陆之前的URL
            if next_url:
                return redirect(next_url)
            # 否则默认跳转到index页面
            else:
                return redirect("/index/")
    return render(request, "login.html")


@check_login
def logout(request):
    # 删除所有当前请求相关的session
    request.session.delete()
    return redirect("/login/")


@check_login
def index(request):
    current_user = request.session.get("user", None)
    return render(request, "index.html", {"user": current_user})

中间件版登录验证

中间件版的登录验证需要依靠session，所以数据库中要有django_session表。

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^index/$', views.index),
    url(r'^login/$', views.login, name='login'),
]

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect


def index(request):
    return HttpResponse('this is index')


def home(request):
    return HttpResponse('this is home')


def login(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        user = request.POST.get("user")
        pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")

        if user == "Q1mi" and pwd == "123456":
            # 设置session
            request.session["user"] = user
            # 获取跳到登陆页面之前的URL
            next_url = request.GET.get("next")
            # 如果有，就跳转回登陆之前的URL
            if next_url:
                return redirect(next_url)
            # 否则默认跳转到index页面
            else:
                return redirect("/index/")
    return render(request, "login.html")

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'login' %}">
    <p>
        <label for="user">用户名：</label>
        <input type="text" name="user" id="user">
    </p>
    <p>
        <label for="pwd">密 码：</label>
        <input type="text" name="pwd" id="pwd">
    </p>
    <input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

middlewares.py

class AuthMD(MiddlewareMixin):
    white_list = ['/login/', ]  # 白名单
    balck_list = ['/black/', ]  # 黑名单

    def process_request(self, request):
        from django.shortcuts import redirect, HttpResponse

        next_url = request.path_info
        print(request.path_info, request.get_full_path())

        if next_url in self.white_list or request.session.get("user"):
            return
        elif next_url in self.balck_list:
            return HttpResponse('This is an illegal URL')
        else:
            return redirect("/login/?next={}".format(next_url))

在settings.py中注册

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'middlewares.AuthMD',
]

AuthMD中间件注册后，所有的请求都要走AuthMD的process_request方法。

访问的URL在白名单内或者session中有user用户名，则不做阻拦走正常流程；

如果URL在黑名单中，则返回This is an illegal URL的字符串；

正常的URL但是需要登录后访问，让浏览器跳转到登录页面。

注：AuthMD中间件中需要session，所以AuthMD注册的位置要在session中间的下方。

三种实现登录验证的方式

Cookie登录验证

Session版登陆验证

中间件版登录验证

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