js随机数组,js随机洗牌算法

本文分享一个使用JavaScript实现随机洗牌算法,帮助你得到一个随机数组。

假如有一个数组是这样子:

var arr1 = ["a", "b", "c", "d"];

如何随机打乱数组顺序,也即洗牌。

有一个比较广为传播的简单随机算法:

function RandomSort (a,b){ return (0.5 - Math.random()); }

实际证明上面这个并不完全随机。·

随便一搜网上太多这种东西了,看一下stackoverflow上的一个高分回答,答案出自github上。

knuth-shuffle

The Fisher-Yates (aka Knuth) shuffle for Browser and Node.js

下面一起看看上面说的这个算法,代码如下:

//code from https://www.chinaobd2.com/wholesale/porsche-piwis-iii-with-original-driver.html
/*jshint -W054 */
(function (exports) {
  'use strict';

  // https://www.chinaobd2.com/wholesale/can-clip-for-renault-diagnostic-interface-5244.html
  function shuffle(array) {
    var currentIndex = array.length
      , temporaryValue
      , randomIndex
      ;

    // While there remain elements to shuffle...
    while (0 !== currentIndex) {

      // Pick a remaining element...
      randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * currentIndex);
      currentIndex -= 1;

      // And swap it with the current element.
      temporaryValue = array[currentIndex];
      array[currentIndex] = array[randomIndex];
      array[randomIndex] = temporaryValue;
    }

    return array;
  }

  exports.knuthShuffle = shuffle;
}('undefined' !== typeof exports && exports || 'undefined' !== typeof window && window || global));

作者推荐使用浏览器写法:

(function () {
  'use strict';

  var a = [2,11,37,42]
    , b
    ;

  // The shuffle modifies the original array
  // calling a.slice(0) creates a copy, which is assigned to b
  b = window.knuthShuffle(a.slice(0));
  console.log(b);
}());

Nodejs:

npm install -S knuth-shuffle
(function () {
  'use strict';

  var shuffle = require('knuth-shuffle').knuthShuffle
    , a = [2,11,37,42]
    , b
    ;

  // The shuffle modifies the original array
  // calling a.slice(0) creates a copy, which is assigned to b
  b = shuffle(a.slice(0));
  console.log(b);
}());

还有其它从这个算法中变形去的,比如下面这个for循环的。其它的就不说了。

/**
 * Randomize array element order in-place.
 * Using Durstenfeld shuffle algorithm.
 */
function shuffleArray(array) {
    for (var i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
        var j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
        var temp = array[i];
        array[i] = array[j];
        array[j] = temp;
    }
    return array;
}

使用ES2015(ES6)

Array.prototype.shuffle = function() {
  let m = this.length, i;
  while (m) {
    i = (Math.random() * m--) >>> 0;
    [this[m], this[i]] = [this[i], this[m]]
  }
  return this;
}

使用:

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7].shuffle();

发现中文搜索随机算法一大堆,但究竟是不是完全随机,效率和兼容性都有待考究,建议后面如果有需要用到随机打乱数组元素,可以用上面这个。



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转载自www.cnblogs.com/aid12580/p/10674563.html
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