杂记：Django和static，Nginx配置路径，json_schema

前记：知识无处不在，要懂得珍惜，找到适合自己的方法高效地学习有价值的知识，不念过去，不畏将来。

Django对待静态资源，在非前后端分离时的常识

Django会对项目app下的static文件夹的静态资源进行收集，同名则按优先级指向，要自己加资源可以在settings.py的STATICFILES_DIRS进行额外指定,STATIC_URL=‘/static/'，会对外监听例如：127.0.0.1:8000/static/*，STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'all_static')用于项目生产部署，在项目的开发过程中作用不大，平时都是前后端分离的，对生产环境的STATIC_ROOT没有感知，还不如好好学一下vue。

在云服务器部署项目时，Nginx正向代理

代理静态资源时，如果是build完的文件夹放服务器要注意位置，绝对路径或正确的相对路径，相对路径是基于nginx.conf进行相对的，include的配置文件别搞错了，还是绝对路径稳，然后要注意Windows和Centos7的文件资源路径为\和/的区别。

关于Django的Form校验json格式

在上传购物车之类的复杂数据时，可用json进行包装，Form对json进行校验，使用json_schema,之前都是根据检验目标自己写json_schema，后来发现可以在线生成的。例如:https://jsonschema.net/

class FormAddOrder(forms.Form):  # 新增订单校验json
    json_data_str = forms.CharField(max_length=1024)

    def clean(self):  # 重写clean，可以覆盖jaon_data_str，这里没覆盖
        cleaned_data = self.cleaned_data
        json_data = json.loads(cleaned_data["json_data_str"])
        json_schema = {
            "type": "object",
            "required": ["type", "client", "warehouse", "send_way", "count_type", "real_price",
                         "need_price", "orders"],
            "properties": {
                "type": {"type": "string"},
                "client": {"type": "integer"},
                "warehouse": {"type": "integer"},
                # "cabinets": {"type": "string"},
                "send_way": {"type": "string"},
                "count_type": {"type": "string"},
                "real_price": {"type": "number"},
                "need_price": {"type": "number"},
                "orders": {
                    "type": "array",
                    "items": {
                        "type": "object",
                        "required": ["num", "need_price", "new_need_price", "batch", "goods"],
                        "properties": {
                            "num": {"type": "integer"},
                            "need_price": {"type": "number"},
                            "new_need_price": {"type": "number"},
                            "batch": {"type": "string"},
                            "goods": {"type": "integer"},
                        }
                    }
                },
            }
        }
        try:
            validate(json_data, json_schema)
        except Exception as e:
            raise forms.ValidationError(e)
        return cleaned_data

校验对象：

{
    "type": "销售订单",
    "client": 11,
    "warehouse": 1,
    "cabinets": "aa564879564",
    "send_way": "快递",
    "count_type": "现结付清",
    "real_price": 3000,
    "need_price": 3888,
    "orders": [{
        "num": 100,
        "need_price": 110,
        "new_need_price": 100,
        "batch": "2019888",
        "goods": 1
    }, {
        "num": 200,
        "need_price": 220,
        "new_need_price": 200,
        "batch": "2019888",
        "goods": 1
    }]
}