SQL_MODE中的STRICT_TRANS_TABLES和STRICT_ALL_TABLES

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STRICT_TRANS_TABLES和STRICT_ALL_TABLES，只要把SQL_MODE设置为其中的一个，就被称为严格模式。
这两个选项对于Innodb表是相同的作用，对于单个insert操作，无论插入单行或是多行，只要插入数据与字段类型不兼容，则insert操作失败并回滚；
对于Myisam表是不同的作用：
1.STRICT_TRANS_TABLES，对于单个insert操作，插入单行数据与字段类型不兼容，则insert操作失败并回滚；插入多行数据，如果插入数据的第一行内容与字段类型不兼容，则insert操作失败并回滚，如果插入数据的第一行内容与字段类型兼容，但后续的数据行存在不兼容的情况，则兼容的数据正常插入，不兼容的数据会转换成符合字段类型的格式再插入，不会中断和回滚；
2.STRICT_ALL_TABLES，与STRICT_TRANS_TABLES不同的是，如果插入数据的第一行内容与字段类型兼容，但后续的数据行存在不兼容的情况，则兼容的数据正常插入，不兼容的数据则会报错并终止insert操作。

以下配合实验说明：
有如下两个表，test是Innodb引擎，test1是Myisam引擎:

mysql> show create table test\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: test
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `col1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table test1\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: test1
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test1` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `col1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

当在sql_mode不设置为严格模式时，Innodb和Myisam在插入’a’到int类型的col1字段时，都没有报错，并且将’a’转换成了数字0：

mysql> select @@session.sql_mode;
+--------------------+
| @@session.sql_mode |
+--------------------+
|                    |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@global.sql_mode;
+-------------------+
| @@global.sql_mode |
+-------------------+
|                   |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into test values (1,'s');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                                 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 's' for column 'col1' at row 1 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into test values (2,'a'),(3,'a');
Query OK, 2 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 2

mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                                 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 1 |
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 2 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
+----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into test1 values (1,'a');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)

mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                                 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 1 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test1;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into test1 values (2,'a'),(3,'a'); 
Query OK, 2 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 2

mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                                 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 1 |
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 2 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test1;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
+----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

当SQL_MODE设置为STRICT_TRANS_TABLES时，

mysql> set @@session.sql_mode='strict_trans_tables';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@session.sql_mode;
+---------------------+
| @@session.sql_mode  |
+---------------------+
| STRICT_TRANS_TABLES |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

--'a'无法插入
mysql> insert into test values (4,'a');
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 1

--即是第一行数据没问题，但受第二行影响，整个insert操作失败
mysql> insert into test values (4,1),(5,'a');   
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 2
mysql> select * from test;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
+----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

--Myisam表，无法插入'a'
mysql> insert into test1 values (4,'a');
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 1

--Myisam表，第一行数据没问题，可以插入，'a'转换为0
mysql> insert into test1 values (4,1),(5,'a');
Query OK, 2 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 1

mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                                 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1366 | Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 2 |
+---------+------+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test1;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
|  4 |    1 |
|  5 |    0 |
+----+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

--Myisam表，第一行'a'有问题，导致后续的数据行都插入失败
mysql> insert into test1 values (6,'a'),(7,1);
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 1

mysql> select * from test1;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
|  4 |    1 |
|  5 |    0 |
+----+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

--Myisam表，第三行数据正常插入
mysql> insert into test1 values (6,1),(7,'a'),(8,1);
Query OK, 3 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 1

mysql> select * from test1;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
|  4 |    1 |
|  5 |    0 |
|  6 |    1 |
|  7 |    0 |
|  8 |    1 |
+----+------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

当SQL_MODE设置为STRICT_ALL_TABLES时的Myisam表：

mysql> set @@session.sql_mode='strict_all_tables';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test1;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
|  4 |    1 |
|  5 |    0 |
|  6 |    1 |
|  7 |    0 |
|  8 |    1 |
+----+------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

--只有(9,1)插入成功
mysql> insert into test1 values (9,1),(10,'a'),(11,1);
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect integer value: 'a' for column 'col1' at row 2
mysql> select * from test1;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 |    0 |
|  2 |    0 |
|  3 |    0 |
|  4 |    1 |
|  5 |    0 |
|  6 |    1 |
|  7 |    0 |
|  8 |    1 |
|  9 |    1 |
+----+------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

可见，STRICT_ALL_TABLES会导致部分数据插入正常的情况。