Android 触摸及手势操作GestureDetector

现在的智能手机不敢说百分百的都是触摸屏,也应该是百分之九九以上为触摸屏了,触摸屏为我们操作无键盘、无鼠标的手机系统带来了很多的便利。当用户触摸屏幕时会产生很多的触摸事件,down、up、move等等。View类有个View.OnTouchListener内部接口,通过重写他的onTouch(Viewv,MotionEventevent)方法,我们可以处理一些touch事件,如下:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
...
// This example shows an Activity, but you would use the same approach if
// you were subclassing a View.
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){ 
        
    int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(event);
        
    switch(action) {
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was DOWN");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was MOVE");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was UP");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Action was CANCEL");
            return true;
        case (MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE) :
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"Movement occurred outside bounds " +
                    "of current screen element");
            return true;      
        default : 
            return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }      
}



OnTouch提供的事件还是相对较简单,如果需要处理一些复杂的手势,用这个接口就会很麻烦,因为我们要根据用户触摸的轨迹去判断是什么手势。Android sdk给我们提供了GestureDetector(Gesture:手势Detector:识别)类,通过这个类我们可以识别很多的手势。

public classGestureDetector extendsObject

java.lang.Object

android.view.GestureDetector

GestureDetector属于android.view包,android还提供了android.gesture包支持更多的手势操作,以后我们会介绍到。官方的介绍中使用了GestureDetectorCompat处理手势识别,为什么使用GestureDetectorCompat替换了GestureDetector呢,官方的是这样解释的:


 

GestureDetectorCompat实例化有下面两种方法


GestureDetector类对外提供了两个接口:OnGestureListener,OnDoubleTapListener,还有一个内部类SimpleOnGestureListener;SimpleOnGestureListener类是GestureDetector提供给我们的一个更方便的响应不同手势的类,它实现了上述两个接口,该类是static class,也就是说它实际上是一个外部类,我们可以在外部继承这个类,重写里面的手势处理方法。因此实现手势识别有两种方法,一种实现OnGestureListener接口,另一种是使用SimpleOnGestureListener类。

OnGestureListener有下面的几个动作:

按下(onDown): 刚刚手指接触到触摸屏的那一刹那,就是触的那一下。

抛掷(onFling): 手指在触摸屏上迅速移动,并松开的动作。

长按(onLongPress): 手指按在持续一段时间,并且没有松开。

滚动(onScroll): 手指在触摸屏上滑动。

按住(onShowPress): 手指按在触摸屏上,它的时间范围在按下起效,在长按之前。

抬起(onSingleTapUp):手指离开触摸屏的那一刹那。

 

使用OnGestureListener接口,这样需要重载OnGestureListener接口所有的方法,适合监听所有的手势,正如官方文档提到的“Detecing All Supported Gestures”。

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements 
        GestureDetector.OnGestureListener,
        GestureDetector.OnDoubleTapListener{
    
    private static final String DEBUG_TAG = "Gestures";
    private GestureDetectorCompat mDetector; 

    // Called when the activity is first created. 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Instantiate the gesture detector with the
        // application context and an implementation of
        // GestureDetector.OnGestureListener
        mDetector = new GestureDetectorCompat(this,this);
        // Set the gesture detector as the double tap
        // listener.
        mDetector.setOnDoubleTapListener(this);
    }

    @Override 
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){ 
        this.mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
        // Be sure to call the superclass implementation
        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onDown(MotionEvent event) { 
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"onDown: " + event.toString()); 
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onFling(MotionEvent event1, MotionEvent event2, 
            float velocityX, float velocityY) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onFling: " + event1.toString()+event2.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void onLongPress(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onLongPress: " + event.toString()); 
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX,
            float distanceY) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onScroll: " + e1.toString()+e2.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void onShowPress(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onShowPress: " + event.toString());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onSingleTapUp: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onDoubleTap: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onDoubleTapEvent: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onSingleTapConfirmed: " + event.toString());
        return true;
    }
}


这样会造成有些手势动作我们用不到,但是还要重载。SimpleOnGestureListener类的出现为我们解决了这个问题,如果你想“Detecting a Subset of Supported Gestures”,SimpleOnGestureListener是最好的选择。

public class MainActivity extends Activity { 
    
    private GestureDetectorCompat mDetector; 

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mDetector = new GestureDetectorCompat(this, new MyGestureListener());
    }

    @Override 
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){ 
        this.mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
    
    class MyGestureListener extends GestureDetector.SimpleOnGestureListener {
        private static final String DEBUG_TAG = "Gestures"; 
        
        @Override
        public boolean onDown(MotionEvent event) { 
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG,"onDown: " + event.toString()); 
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean onFling(MotionEvent event1, MotionEvent event2, 
                float velocityX, float velocityY) {
            Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "onFling: " + event1.toString()+event2.toString());
            return true;
        }
    }
}



最后了我们也解释两个问题:

1、onTouchEvent中为什么使用了MotionEventCompat,而不直接使用MotionEvent。因为MotionEventCompat使更多的Action适配到API 4。

2、Android的view怎么使用手势,方法如下:

 View myView = findViewById(R.id.my_view); 
	    myView.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
	        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
	            // ... Respond to touch events       
	        	this.mDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
	            return super.onTouchEvent(event);
	        }
	    });
/**
* @author 张兴业

* 我的新浪微博:@张兴业TBOW
*/
 
 

参考:

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/GestureDetector.html

http://developer.android.com/training/gestures/detector.html

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转载自maozhuxigood.iteye.com/blog/2043733