Python&Selenium 数据驱动测试【unittest+ddt+xml】

一、摘要

本博文将介绍Python和Selenium做自动化测试时，基于unittest框架，借助ddt模块，使用xml文件作为测试输入。

二、xml文件

保存路径：D:\\Programs\\Python\\PythonUnittest\\TestData\\TestData.xml

文件名：TestData.xml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<bookList type = "technology">
    <book>
        <name>selenium xml datadriven</name>
        <author>davieyang</author>
    </book>
    <book>
        <name>selenium excel datadriven</name>
        <author>davieyang</author>
    </book>
    <book>
        <name>selenium ddt data list</name>
        <author>davieyang</author>
    </book>
</bookList>

　　

三、解析XML文件

文件路径：Util\ParseXMLUtil

文件名：ParseXMLUtil 

# encoding = utf-8
"""
__title__ = ''
__author__ = 'davieyang'
__mtime__ = '2018/4/21'
"""
from xml.etree import ElementTree


class ParseXML(object):
    def __init__(self, xmlPath):
        self.xmlPath = xmlPath

    def getRoot(self):
        # 打开将要解析的XML文件
        tree = ElementTree.parse(self.xmlPath)
        # 获取XML文件的根节点对象，然后返回给调用者
        return tree.getroot()

    def findNodeByName(self, parentNode, nodeName):
        # 通过节点的名字获取节点对象
        nodes = parentNode.findall(nodeName)
        return nodes

    def getNodeofChildText(self, node):
        # 获取节点node下所有子节点的节点名作为key，本节点作为value组成的字典对象
        childrenTextDict = {i.tag: i.text for i in list(node.iter())[1:]}
        # 上面代码等价于
        '''
        childrenTextDict = {}
        for i in list(node.iter())[1:]:
            fhildrenTextDict[i.tag] = i.text
        '''
        return childrenTextDict

    def getDataFromXml(self):
        # 获取XML文档的根节点对象
        root = self.getRoot()
        # 获取根节点下所有名为book的节点对象
        books = self.findNodeByName(root, "book")
        dataList = []
        # 遍历获取到的所有book节点对象
        # 取得需要的测试数据
        for book in books:
            childrenText = self.getNodeofChildText(book)
            dataList.append(childrenText)
        return dataList


if __name__ == "__main__":
    xml = ParseXML(r"F:\seleniumWithPython\TestData\TestData.xml")
    datas = xml.getDataFromXml()
    for i in datas:
        print(i["name"], i["author"])

　　

四、测试脚本

文件可命名为：data_driven_by_xml.py

# encoding = utf-8
"""
__title__ = ''
__author__ = 'davieyang'
__mtime__ = '2018/4/21'
"""
from selenium import webdriver
import unittest
import time
import logging
import traceback
import ddt
from Util.ParseXMLUtil import ParseXML
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException


# 初始化日志对象
logging.basicConfig(
    # 日志级别
    level=logging.INFO,
    # 时间、代码所在文件名、代码行号、日志级别名字、日志信息
    format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line: %(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
    # 打印日志的时间
    datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
    # 日志文件存放的目录及日志文件名
    filename='D:\\Programs\\Python\\PythonUnittest\\Reports\\TestResults.TestResults',
    # 打开日志的方式
    filemode='w'
)

# currentPath = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
# dataFilePath = os.path.join(currentPath, "TestData.xml")
dataFilePath = "E:\\数据驱动\\TestData.xml"
print(dataFilePath)

# 创建ParseXML类实例对象
xml = ParseXML(dataFilePath)


@ddt.ddt
class DataDrivenTestByXML(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"F:\automation\webdriver\chromedriver.exe")

    @ddt.data(* xml.getDataFromXml())
    def test_dataDrivenByXML(self, data):
        testData, expectData = data["name"], data["author"]
        url = "http://www.baidu.com"
        self.driver.get(url)
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)

        try:
            self.driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys(testData)
            self.driver.find_element_by_id("su").click()
            time.sleep(3)
            self.assertTrue(expectData in self.driver.page_source)
        except NoSuchElementException as e:
            logging.error(u"查找的页面元素不存在，异常堆栈信息为：" + str(traceback.format_exc()))
        except AssertionError as e:
            logging.info(u"搜索 ‘%s’,期望 ‘%s’ ,失败" % (testData, expectData))
        except Exception as e:
            logging.error(u"未知错误，错误信息：" + str(traceback.format_exc()))
        else:
            logging.info(u"搜索 ‘%s’,期望 ‘%s’ ,通过" % (testData, expectData))

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.quit()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

　　

test_dataDrivenByXML