爬虫模拟登录破解无原图滑动验证码

模拟登录对象:博客园

验证码类型:无原图滑动验证码

使用工具与模块:python,selenium 

浏览器:Chrome

大体思路:以前的滑动验证码多为有原图的验证码,可以通过Image模块截取两张不同的图,通过对比像素得出移动的距离,无原图验证码也是基于这个原理,只是多了一步找出原图,该操作可以通过driver.execute_script()添加JS代码,改变display显示获得原图,然后就变成了有原图的滑动验证码的操作流程。

具体思路:

第一步:输入账号、密码,然后点击登陆

   from selenium import webdriver
   #为了方便演示与查看结果,在此使用有界面的Chrome浏览器,成功之后可以换成无界面浏览器
    driver=webdriver.Chrome()
    #参数为博客园登录页面
    driver.get('https://account.cnblogs.com/signin')
    #隐式等待3秒
    driver.implicitly_wait(3)
    #找到用户名标签和密码标签,用ID查找
    input_username=driver.find_element_by_id('LoginName')
    input_password=driver.find_element_by_id('Password')
    #输入用户名和密码
    input_username.send_keys('11111111111')
    input_password.send_keys('xxxxxxxxxx')
    #找到提交按钮
    submitBtn=driver.find_element_by_id('submitBtn')
    #点击提交
    submitBtn.click()

效果如图所示:

第二步:弹出有缺口的图,并截取

找到该标签,通过xpath查找找到位置,(通过classname查找,可能会报错,原因未知),这个位置不仅是缺口图的位置,还是原图的位置,所以获取原图和缺口图的方式是一样的

先写一个截图函数:

from PIL import Image
def get_snap(driver):
    #创建一个空的图片文件
    driver.save_screenshot('snap.png')
    snap_obj=Image.open('snap.png')
    return snap_obj
def get_image(driver):
    #通过xpath找到元素
    img_element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(
        '//div[@class="geetest_panel_next"]//canvas[@class="geetest_canvas_slice geetest_absolute"]')
    #获得图片的大小和位置
    size = img_element.size
    location = img_element.location
    left=location['x']
    top=location['y']
    right=left+size['width']
    bottom=top+size['height']
    snap_obj=get_snap(driver)
    #注意该参数是元组
    img_obj=snap_obj.crop((left,top,right,bottom))
    return img_obj

通过获得的left,top,right,bottom进行截图

第三步:通过JS代码,显示原图

 找到该便签,改变style中的display,其值为block时显示的是无缺口图:

现在通过代码改变该标签的值:

driver.execute_script("var x=document.getElementsByClassName('geetest_canvas_fullbg geetest_fade geetest_absolute')[0];"
                          "x.style.display='block';"
                          "x.style.opacity=1"
                          )

测试时,有时候,opacity默认为0,需要变为1才会显示原图。

显示原图之后,因为位置是一样的,同第二步,使用同一个函数进行截图。

第四步:对比两张图片,即滑动的位移

none_img=get_image(driver)#缺口图
    driver.execute_script("var x=document.getElementsByClassName('geetest_canvas_fullbg geetest_fade geetest_absolute')[0];"
                          "x.style.display='block';"
                          "x.style.opacity=1"
                          )
block_img=get_image(driver)#原图

进行图片滑动的距离的计算:

def get_distance(img1,img2):
    start_x=60#初始X
    threhold=60#阈值
    for x in range(start_x,img1.size[0]):
        for y in range(img1.size[1]):
            rgb1=img1.load()[x,y]
            rgb2=img2.load()[x,y]
            res1=abs(rgb1[0]-rgb2[0])
            res2=abs(rgb1[1]-rgb2[1])
            res3=abs(rgb1[2]-rgb2[2])
            if not (res1<threhold and res2<threhold and res3<threhold):
                return x-7#测试后-7可以提高成功率

关于初始值:

滑动验证码,缺口一定和滑块有距离,所以滑块的所占的X的范围可以排除,测量得出滑块大小约为60像素(包含边距),所以start_x=60。

第五步:按照人的行为行为习惯,把总位移切成一段段小的位移

人的习惯为:先加速,再减速,可能有超出的现象。

为了保证更像人,本次有回退步骤

def get_tracks(distance):
    #distance为上一步得出的总距离。20是等会要回退的像素
    distance+=20
    #初速度为0,s是已经走的路程,t是时间
    v0=2
    s=0
    t=0.4
   #mid是进行减速的路程
    mid=distance*3/5
   #存放走的距离
    forward_tracks=[]
    while s<distance:
        if s<mid:
            a=2
        else:
            a=-3
        #高中物理,匀加速路程的计算
        v=v0
        tance=v*t+0.5*a*(t**2)
        tance=round(tance)
        s+=tance
        v0=v+a*t
        forward_tracks.append(tance)
    #因为回退20像素,所以可以手动打出,只要和为20即可
    back_tracks = [-1, -1, -1, -2, -2, -2, -3, -3, -2, -2, -1]  # 20
    return {"forward_tracks": forward_tracks, 'back_tracks': back_tracks}

第六步:按照距离移动

#获得滑块元素
geetest_slider_button=driver.find_element_by_class_name('geetest_slider_button')
    #获得距离
    distance=get_distance(block_img,none_img)
    #获得步数
    tracks_dic=get_tracks(distance)
   #点击并按住    ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(geetest_slider_button).perform()
    forword_tracks=tracks_dic['forward_tracks']
    back_tracks=tracks_dic['back_tracks']
    for forword_track in forword_tracks:
        ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=forword_track,yoffset=0).perform()
    #停顿一会,更像人
    time.sleep(0.2)
    for back_tracks in back_tracks:
        ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=back_tracks, yoffset=0).perform()
    print(forword_tracks)
    ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=-3, yoffset=0).perform()
    ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=3, yoffset=0).perform()
    time.sleep(0.3)
    #松开鼠标
    ActionChains(driver).release().perform()

 完整代码:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from PIL import Image
import time
driver=webdriver.Chrome()

def get_snap(driver):
    driver.save_screenshot('snap.png')
    snap_obj=Image.open('snap.png')
    return snap_obj
def get_image(driver):
    img_element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(
        '//div[@class="geetest_panel_next"]//canvas[@class="geetest_canvas_slice geetest_absolute"]')
    size = img_element.size
    location = img_element.location
    left=location['x']
    top=location['y']
    right=left+size['width']
    bottom=top+size['height']
    snap_obj=get_snap(driver)
    img_obj=snap_obj.crop((left,top,right,bottom))
    return img_obj
# try:
#     driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')
#     driver.implicitly_wait(5)
#     r1=driver.find_element_by_link_text('登录').click()
#     driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_10__footerULoginBtn').click()
#     input_username=driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_10__userName')
#     input_username.send_keys('17396876501')
#     input_password=driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_10__password')
#     input_password.send_keys('dfcver')
#     driver.find_element_by_id('TANGRAM__PSP_10__submit').click()
#     time.sleep(5)
# finally:
#     driver.close()
def get_distance(img1,img2):
    start_x=60
    threhold=60#阈值
    for x in range(start_x,img1.size[0]):
        for y in range(img1.size[1]):
            rgb1=img1.load()[x,y]
            rgb2=img2.load()[x,y]
            res1=abs(rgb1[0]-rgb2[0])
            res2=abs(rgb1[1]-rgb2[1])
            res3=abs(rgb1[2]-rgb2[2])
            if not (res1<threhold and res2<threhold and res3<threhold):
                return x-7
def get_tracks(distance):
    distance+=20
    v0=2
    s=0
    t=0.4
    mid=distance*3/5
    forward_tracks=[]
    while s<distance:
        if s<mid:
            a=2
        else:
            a=-3
        v=v0
        tance=v*t+0.5*a*(t**2)
        tance=round(tance)
        s+=tance
        v0=v+a*t
        forward_tracks.append(tance)
    back_tracks = [-1, -1, -1, -2, -2, -2, -3, -3, -2, -2, -1]  # 20
    return {"forward_tracks": forward_tracks, 'back_tracks': back_tracks}

try:
    driver.get('https://account.cnblogs.com/signin')
    driver.implicitly_wait(3)
    input_username=driver.find_element_by_id('LoginName')
    input_password=driver.find_element_by_id('Password')
    input_username.send_keys('928480709')
    input_password.send_keys('dfcver1112223334')
    submitBtn=driver.find_element_by_id('submitBtn')
    submitBtn.click()
    time.sleep(2)#等待验证码加载
    none_img=get_image(driver)
    driver.execute_script("var x=document.getElementsByClassName('geetest_canvas_fullbg geetest_fade geetest_absolute')[0];"
                          "x.style.display='block';"
                          "x.style.opacity=1"
                          )
    block_img=get_image(driver)
    geetest_slider_button=driver.find_element_by_class_name('geetest_slider_button')

    distance=get_distance(block_img,none_img)
    tracks_dic=get_tracks(distance)
    ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(geetest_slider_button).perform()
    forword_tracks=tracks_dic['forward_tracks']
    back_tracks=tracks_dic['back_tracks']
    for forword_track in forword_tracks:
        ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=forword_track,yoffset=0).perform()
    time.sleep(0.2)
    for back_tracks in back_tracks:
        ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=back_tracks, yoffset=0).perform()
    print(forword_tracks)
    ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=-3, yoffset=0).perform()
    ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=3, yoffset=0).perform()
    time.sleep(0.3)
    ActionChains(driver).release().perform()

    time.sleep(60)
finally:
    driver.close()
完整代码

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/98WDJ/p/11050559.html