Halcon 1D测量(1) :测量边缘对

首先先说明一下Hdevelop图形显示界面的坐标：基本上和其他环境中图像的坐标一样，左上角为(0,0)，X轴为横轴，Y轴为纵轴,行Row指的是Y轴坐标，列Column指的是X轴坐标

关于gen_measure_rectangle2：

它是获得一个测量句柄

Row, Column是矩形的中心

Length1, Length2是矩形区域的长和宽的一半，关于区域的宽度，尽量在包住边缘的同时设置的越大越好，因为设置的太小噪声太大

Phi是Rectangle旋转的角度，当为正时表示逆时针旋转，当为负时表示顺时针旋转

如果想看ROI是否合适可以利用gen_rectangle2查看

Interpolation表示插值的方法，因为当ROI不是垂直或者水平的话，那么他的Projection（下图中短的等距线）经过的就不是一个完整的像素，因为要计算它的平均值给Profile。它的值就需要插值，详细见solution_guide_iii_a_1d_measuring A-12

关于measure_pairs：

measure_pairs适用于有许多组边缘的图像，如果是一组边缘，也可以用measure_pos，下面的第一个例子就可以。使用他们时边缘要是一条直线，结果中包含了许多信息，每一个边缘RowEdge表示的是边缘的行坐标，ColumnEdge表示的是列坐标，Amplitude表示的是根据Transition边缘的梯度，IntraDistance表示的是一个边缘组之间的距离，InterDistance表示的是边缘组之间的距离，这两个距离可以计算物体的高度和计算物体的个数

Transition = ‘negative’时表示由像素值高转到低像素值的边缘放在RowEdgeFirst中，这里有一个参考方向，就是Rectangle旋转角度为0时，从左到右的方向

Sigma表示高斯滤波的参数，高斯滤波的是对Profile形成的曲线，Threshold是对他的一阶导数设置的阈值（下图粗线是Profile line经过的像素，细线是他的一阶导数，可以看出它大概有三组边缘）

如果要可视化边缘，需要利用RowEdge，Column，Phi自己确定边缘的开始点与结束点

注意，由于没有对摄像机进行标定，1D测量只能获得物体的像素的个数

*测量手机电池的高度有多少个像素
 
*
*读取图像
*
read_image (Image1, 'D:/picture/20130930153459.jpg')
get_image_size (Image1, Width, Height)
 
dev_close_window()
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width, Height, 'black', WindowHandle)
*设置所画的区域是一个面还是轮廓
dev_set_draw ('margin')
*设置画的颜色
dev_set_color ('black')
*因为我使用的彩色RGB图像，先使他变成灰度图像
decompose3 (Image1, red, green, blue)
rgb3_to_gray (red, green, blue, ImageGray)
dev_display(ImageGray)
 
*
*设置ROI
*
*注意row和column是矩形的中心
row := 238
column := 300
*这个是矩形旋转的角度，角度是正的按逆时针转，负的按顺时针转
angle := rad(90)
*在length1<length2的情况下，measure——pairs没有值，不管怎样调整参数？？？
*length1和length2是矩形的两个半轴的长，明白了这个下面在计算多边形轮廓的时候要用到
length1 := 200
length2 := 10
*注意这里的矩形框的参数是自己调整的
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle, row, column, angle, length1, length2)
*这里的测量矩形框也就是上面显示的部分
gen_measure_rectangle2 (row, column, angle, length1, length2, Width, Height, 'nearest_neighbor', MeasureHandle)
 
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
 
stop()
 
 
*注意这个算子可以计算许多组边缘，然后将获得的边缘组放在RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond中
*根据Thansition的不同值，所获得的边缘组的先后顺序不同，例如为'negative'意思是将‘从白至黑’的边缘 中心点 的坐标放在RowEdgeFirst,注意这里的参考方向，是角度为0时，是从左往右方向 
*ColumnEdgeFirst中，‘从黑到白’放在RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond中
measure_pairs (Image1, MeasureHandle, 0.9, 30, 'negative', 'all', RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, AmplitudeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond, AmplitudeSecond, IntraDistance, InterDistance)
 
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
 
stop()
 
*
*可视化结果
*
*根据分组的个数，来画线，这个个数就是RowEdgeFirst组的个数，也就是边缘的个数
for i := 0 to |RowEdgeFirst|-1 by 1    
    *这个算子是画出多边形的亚像素轮廓，其中第二个和第三个参数可以是元素，即表示有多个点，两个点组成一条直线
    *至于每一个点是怎么计算的，我们已经知道了旋转的角度和每一条边的中心点，这个大家自己就可以在纸上用三角函数得出来每一个开始结束点
    *的坐标了
    gen_contour_polygon_xld (EdgeFirst, [RowEdgeFirst[i] - sin(rad(90) - angle)*length2,RowEdgeFirst[i] + sin(rad(90) - angle)*length2], [ColumnEdgeFirst[i] - cos(rad(90) - angle)*length2,ColumnEdgeFirst[i] + cos(rad(90) - angle)*length2])
    gen_contour_polygon_xld (EdgeSecond, [RowEdgeSecond[i] - sin(rad(90) - angle)*length2,RowEdgeSecond[i] + sin(rad(90) - angle)*length2], [ColumnEdgeFirst[i] - cos(rad(90) - angle)*length2,ColumnEdgeFirst[i] + cos(rad(90) - angle)*length2])
    dev_set_color ('cyan')
    dev_display (EdgeFirst)
    dev_set_color ('red')
    dev_display (EdgeSecond)
    dev_set_color ('blue')
    *这是设置文本在那里显示
    if (i = 0)
        set_tposition (WindowHandle, RowEdgeFirst[i] + 5, ColumnEdgeFirst[i]+20)
    else
        set_tposition (WindowHandle, RowEdgeFirst[i] - 40, ColumnEdgeFirst[i]+20)
    endif
    *从文本显示的地方写入字符串，写出像素
    write_string (WindowHandle, 'width: '+IntraDistance[i]+' pix')
endfor
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
* 
* 销毁
* 
close_measure (MeasureHandle)
dev_update_window ('on')
dev_clear_window ()

最后结果如下图：

*测量刻度尺
 
dev_close_window()
 
read_image (Image, 'D:/picture/20131001152907.jpeg')
decompose3 (Image, Red, Green, Blue)
rgb3_to_gray (Red, Green, Blue, ImageGray)
get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
 
 
dev_close_window()
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width, Height, 'black', WindowHandle)
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_display (ImageGray)
 
Row := 169
Column := 636
*这里为什么要旋转-90度，自己想想去
Phi := rad(-90)
Length1 := 105
Length2 := 3
 
 
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
gen_measure_rectangle2 (Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2, Width, Height, 'bicubic', MeasureHandle)
 
Sigma := 1.0
Threshold := 10
*旋转了-90度，表示顺时针旋转了90度，也就是表示从上至下，从像素值高到像素值低的放在RowEdgeFirst中
Transition := 'negative'
Select := 'all'
measure_pairs (ImageGray, MeasureHandle, 1, 30, Transition, Select, RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, AmplitudeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond, AmplitudeSecond, IntraDistance, InterDistance)
 
disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdgeFirst , ColumnEdgeFirst- Length2, RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeSecond + Length2)
 
avgLeadWidth := sum(IntraDistance)/|IntraDistance|
avgLeadDistance := sum(InterDistance)/|InterDistance|
numLeads := |IntraDistance|
 
disp_message (WindowHandle, '刻度个数: '+numLeads, 'window', 100, 200, 'black', 'false')
disp_message (WindowHandle, '平均宽度:  '+avgLeadWidth$'.2f', 'window',130, 200, 'black', 'false')
disp_message (WindowHandle, '平均距离:  '+avgLeadDistance$'.2f', 'window',160, 200, 'black', 'false')
stop()
 
*将之部分放大，首先定义一个区域
Row1 := 100
Column1 := 580
Row2 := 200
Column2 := 680
dev_set_color ('blue')
disp_rectangle1 (WindowHandle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop()
 
*将这个区域放大,然后显示
dev_set_part (Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_color ('black')
dev_display (Rectangle)
*画出每一个边缘
NumRows := |RowEdgeFirst|
NumCols := |ColumnEdgeFirst|
Num := min([NumRows, NumCols])
 
for i:= 0 to Num - 1 by 1
    *先得到每一条边缘的中心点
    RowCoorFirst := RowEdgeFirst[i]
    ColCoorFirst := ColumnEdgeFirst[i]
    
    RowCoorSecond := RowEdgeSecond[i]
    ColCoorSecond := ColumnEdgeSecond[i]
    *得到边缘的开始点与结束点
    RowStartFirst := RowCoorFirst - sin(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    RowEndFirst := RowCoorFirst + sin(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    ColStartFirst := ColCoorFirst - cos(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    ColEndFirst := ColCoorFirst + cos(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    
    RowStartSecond := RowCoorSecond - sin(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    RowEndSecond := RowCoorSecond + sin(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    ColStartSecond := ColCoorSecond - cos(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    ColEndSecond := ColCoorSecond + cos(rad(90) - Phi)*Length2
    *画出边缘线
    gen_contour_polygon_xld(EdgeFirst,[RowStartFirst,RowEndFirst],[ColStartFirst,ColEndFirst])
    gen_contour_polygon_xld(EdgeSecond,[RowStartSecond,RowEndSecond],[ColStartSecond,ColEndSecond])
    dev_set_color ('red')
    dev_set_line_width (2)
    dev_display (EdgeFirst)
endfor
close_measure (MeasureHandle)
*重置参数
dev_set_part (0, 0, Height-1, Width-1)
dev_set_draw ('fill')
dev_set_line_width (1)

结果如下所示：

* Measure 01: Code generated by Measure 01
* Measure 01: Prepare measurement
AmplitudeThreshold := 20
RoiWidthLen2 := 5.5
set_system ('int_zooming', 'true')
* Measure 01: Coordinates for line Measure 01 [0]
LineRowStart_Measure_01_0 := 350.406
LineColumnStart_Measure_01_0 := 349.582
LineRowEnd_Measure_01_0 := 436.109
LineColumnEnd_Measure_01_0 := 400.394
* Measure 01: Convert coordinates to rectangle2 type
TmpCtrl_Row := 0.5*(LineRowStart_Measure_01_0+LineRowEnd_Measure_01_0)
TmpCtrl_Column := 0.5*(LineColumnStart_Measure_01_0+LineColumnEnd_Measure_01_0)
TmpCtrl_Dr := LineRowStart_Measure_01_0-LineRowEnd_Measure_01_0
TmpCtrl_Dc := LineColumnEnd_Measure_01_0-LineColumnStart_Measure_01_0
TmpCtrl_Phi := atan2(TmpCtrl_Dr, TmpCtrl_Dc)
TmpCtrl_Len1 := 0.5*sqrt(TmpCtrl_Dr*TmpCtrl_Dr + TmpCtrl_Dc*TmpCtrl_Dc)
TmpCtrl_Len2 := RoiWidthLen2
* Measure 01: Create measure for line Measure 01 [0]
* Measure 01: Attention: This assumes all images have the same size!
gen_measure_rectangle2 (TmpCtrl_Row, TmpCtrl_Column, TmpCtrl_Phi, TmpCtrl_Len1, TmpCtrl_Len2, 640, 480, 'nearest_neighbor', MsrHandle_Measure_01_0)
* Measure 01: ***************************************************************
* Measure 01: * The code which follows is to be executed once / measurement *
* Measure 01: ***************************************************************
* Measure 01: The image is assumed to be made available in the
* Measure 01: variable last displayed in the graphics window
copy_obj (Image, Image, 1, 1)
* Measure 01: Execute measurements
measure_pairs (Image, MsrHandle_Measure_01_0, 2, AmplitudeThreshold, 'all', 'all', Row1_Measure_01_0, Column1_Measure_01_0, Amplitude1_Measure_01_0, Row2_Measure_01_0, Column2_Measure_01_0, Amplitude2_Measure_01_0, Width_Measure_01_0, Distance_Measure_01_0)
* Measure 01: Do something with the results
* Measure 01: Clear measure when done
close_measure (MsrHandle_Measure_01_0)

---------------------
作者：Fred_Yang2013
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/fred_yang2013/article/details/12205925
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！

Halcon 1D测量(1) :测量边缘对

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