微信开发-网页授权接口开发

其他 2019-10-26 10:53:04 阅读次数: 0
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本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/wxwsfl/article/details/87979341

今天编写一个网页授权接口开发的实例，希望对大家的工作有所帮助

微信公众号开发文档地址：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Getting_Started/Overview.html

网页授权文档地址：https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/OA_Web_Apps/Wechat_webpage_authorization.html

准备工作：

 微信平台测试号配置：

找到网页服务 --  网页账号 -- 授权接口的配置

点击修改， 添加内网映射的域名

注意， 前方有坑，请注意躲避----------此处的填写的是域名，不是URL，无需添加 http:// 协议

公众号配置完成后，开始上代码：

1.创建实体类

/**
 * @author:         diego
 * @date:           2019/2/20 15:57
 * @description:    微信常用属性定义
 * @version:        1.0
 */
public class WeChat {

    //自定义Token
    private String token = "token";

    //微信加密签名，signature结合了开发者填写的token参数和请求中的timestamp参数、nonce参数。
    private String signature;

    //时间戳
    private String timestamp;

    //随机数
    private String nonce;

    //随机字符串
    private String echostr;

    //用户同意授权返回code
    private String code;

    public String getToken() {
        return token;
    }

    public void setToken(String token) {
        this.token = token;
    }

    public String getSignature() {
        return signature;
    }

    public void setSignature(String signature) {
        this.signature = signature;
    }

    public String getTimestamp() {
        return timestamp;
    }

    public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) {
        this.timestamp = timestamp;
    }

    public String getNonce() {
        return nonce;
    }

    public void setNonce(String nonce) {
        this.nonce = nonce;
    }

    public String getEchostr() {
        return echostr;
    }

    public void setEchostr(String echostr) {
        this.echostr = echostr;
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }
}

2.常量定义


public class WeChatConstDefine {

    /*------------------------------------------- 常量 -------------------------------------------*/

    public static final Boolean TRUE = true;

    public static final Boolean FALSE = false;

    public static final String GET = "GET";

    public static final String POST = "POST";

    public static final String ENCODE_UTF_8 = "UTF-8";

    public static final String ENCODE_GBK = "GBK";


    /*---------------------------------------- 微信请求地址 ----------------------------------------*/

    //用户同意授权，获取code
    public static final String authorize = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize";

    //通过code换取网页授权access_token
    public static final String access_token = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token";

    //刷新access_token（如果需要）
    public static final String refresh_token = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/refresh_token";

    //拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)
    public static final String userInfo = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo";

    //检验授权凭证（access_token）是否有效
    public static final String auth = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/auth";

    //重定向后缀参数
    public static final String weChat_redirect = "#wechat_redirect";

}

3.自定义异常类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
public class MyException extends RuntimeException {


    public MyException(String message) {
        super(message);
        log.info("/************************My Exception************************/");
        log.info("");
        log.info("");
        log.info(message);
        log.info("");
        log.info("");
        log.info("/************************My Exception************************/");
    }

    public MyException(Exception e) {
        super(e);
        log.info("/************************My Exception************************/");
        log.info("");
        log.info("");
        log.info(e.getMessage());
        log.info("");
        log.info("");
        log.info("/************************My Exception************************/");
    }

    public MyException(String message, Exception e) {
        super(message, e);
        log.info("/************************My Exception************************/");
        log.info("");
        log.info("");
        log.info("My Message:" + message);
        log.info("System Message:" + e.getMessage());
        log.info("");
        log.info("");
        log.info("/************************My Exception************************/");
    }
}

4.编码-解码工具类

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

/**
 * @author:         diego
 * @date:           2019/1/29 10:39
 * @description:    编码-解码工具类
 * @version:        1.0
 */
public class EncodeUtils {

	/**
	 * URL 编码
	 */
	public static String urlEncode(String url,String encode) {
		if(null == url || "".equals(url) || null == encode && "".equals(encode)){
			throw new MyException("The url or encode is not null.");
		}else{
			try {
				return URLEncoder.encode(url, WeChatConstDefine.ENCODE_UTF_8);
			} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
				throw new MyException(e);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * URL 解码
	 */
	public static String urlDecode(String url,String encode) {
		if(null == url || "".equals(url) || null == encode && "".equals(encode)){
			throw new MyException("The url or encode is not null.");
		}else{
			try {
				return URLDecoder.decode(url, WeChatConstDefine.ENCODE_UTF_8);
			} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
				throw new MyException(e);
			}
		}
	}
}

5.http工具类

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author:         diego
 * @date:           2019/1/29 10:39
 * @description:    Http请求工具类
 * @version:        1.0
 */
public class HttpConnectionUtils {

    public static HttpConnectionUtils getHttp() {
        return new HttpConnectionUtils();
    }


    // url发送请求
    public String sendRequest(String url, String method, Map<String, Object> map,String suffix) throws MyException{
        String result = "";
        if (null == url || url.equals("")) {
            throw new MyException("The url is null.");
        }else if (null == method || method.equals("")) {
            method = WeChatConstDefine.GET;
        }else{
            if(!WeChatConstDefine.GET.equals(method) && !WeChatConstDefine.POST.equals(method)){
                throw new MyException("request method is error. you only use 'POST' or 'GET'.");
            }else{
                if(WeChatConstDefine.GET.equals(method)){
                    return sendByGetMethod(url, map,suffix);
                }else if(WeChatConstDefine.POST.equals(method)){
                    HttpURLConnection connection = getConnection(url, WeChatConstDefine.POST);
                    return sendByPostMethod(url,connection, map,suffix);
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }


    // url 拼接 参数
    public String analyticParams(String url,Map<String,Object> map,String suffix) throws MyException{
        StringBuffer params = new StringBuffer(url+"?");
        if(map != null && map.size() > 0){
            Iterator<String> it = map.keySet().iterator();
            do{
                String param = it.next();
                if(it.hasNext()){
                    params.append(param + "=" + map.get(param) + "&");
                }else{
                    params.append(param + "=" + map.get(param));
                }
            }while (it.hasNext());
        }else{
            throw new MyException("url parameter resolution failed.");
        }

        String httpUrl = "";
        if(null != suffix){
            httpUrl = params.toString() + suffix;
        }else{
            httpUrl = params.toString();
        }
        return httpUrl;
    }


    // get HttpURLConnection
    private HttpURLConnection getConnection(String urlString, String method) throws MyException {
        URL url = null;
        HttpURLConnection result = null;
        try {
            url = new URL(urlString);
            result = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            result.setRequestMethod(method);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new MyException(e);
        }

        if (null == result) {
            throw new MyException("HttpURLConnection is null.");
        }
        return result;
    }


    // get request method
    private String sendByGetMethod(String url, Map<String, Object> params,String suffix) throws MyException {
        // 拼接url
        String urlParams = this.analyticParams(url,params,suffix);

        HttpURLConnection connection = this.getConnection(urlParams, WeChatConstDefine.GET);
        try {
            connection.connect();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new MyException(e);
        }

        return  getResponseResult(connection);
    }


    // post request method
    private String sendByPostMethod(String url,HttpURLConnection connection, Map<String, Object> params,String suffix) throws MyException {
        // 初始化post请求属性
        this.initPostProperties(connection);
        // 发送参数
        this.sendParams(url,connection, params,suffix);

        return  getResponseResult(connection);
    }


    // 初始化post请求属性
    private void initPostProperties(HttpURLConnection connection) {
        connection.setUseCaches(false);
        connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
        connection.setDoOutput(true);
        connection.setDoInput(true);
        connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    }


    // 发送参数
    private void sendParams(String url,HttpURLConnection connection, Map<String, Object> params,String suffix) throws MyException {
        DataOutputStream out = null;
        try {
            connection.connect();
            out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            String stringParam = this.analyticParams(url,params,suffix);
            out.writeBytes(stringParam);
            out.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new MyException("Send param error : " + e);
        } finally {
            close(out);
        }
    }


    // 获取服务器返回结果
    private String getResponseResult(HttpURLConnection connection) throws MyException {
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        InputStream in = null;
        try {
            in = connection.getInputStream();
            byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
            int flag = -1;

            while ((flag = in.read(buff)) != -1) {
                result.append(new String(buff, 0, flag, WeChatConstDefine.ENCODE_UTF_8));
            }
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new MyException(e);
        } finally {
            close(in);
        }
        return result.toString();
    }


    // close input stream
    private void close(InputStream in) {
        if (null != in) {
            try {
                in.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new MyException(e);
            }
        }
    }


    // close output stream
    private void close(OutputStream out) {
        if (null != out) {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new MyException(e);
            }
        }
    }

}

6.请求接口

@Controller
public class WeChatController {

    /**
     * 授权后重定向的回调链接地址
     */
    @RequestMapping("/index")
    @ResponseBody
    public String getCode(WeChat weChat){
        return weChat.getCode();
    }
}

打死都不会遗漏的pom：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>


        <!-- QRCode二维码工具包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>core</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
            <artifactId>javase</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>

测试：

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 *
 * @author: lsg
 * @create: 2019/10/25 13:33
 */
public class WeChatUtils {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //参数详情请查看接口文档
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("appid", "测试账号中的appID");
        map.put("response_type", "code");
        map.put("scope", "snsapi_userinfo");
        map.put("state", "ABC");
        map.put("redirect_uri", EncodeUtils.urlEncode("http://内网穿透的域名/index",WeChatConstDefine.ENCODE_UTF_8));
        
        //用户通过扫码获取授权信息
        String url = HttpConnectionUtils.getHttp().analyticParams(WeChatConstDefine.authorize,map,WeChatConstDefine.weChat_redirect);
        try {
            System.out.println(url); 
            //二维码
            QRCodeUtils.encode(url, "D:/WeChat.jpg");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
}

执行main方法，控制台输出URL，在微信中访问此URL或者找到D盘下 WeChat.jpg 文件进行扫码
 

点击允许，调用redirect_uri定义的URL，访问了Controllerinde 中 index 接口 在控制台输出用户授权 code。

此处预留一下 个人logo 位置，以后填充................

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