版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
PyQuery解析库·详解
安装
pip3 install pyquery
初始化的三种方法
字符串初始化
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div>
<url>
<li class='item-0'>first item</li>
<li class='item-1'><a href='link3.html'><span class='bold'>third item</span></a></li>
</url>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
print(doc('li'))# 这里的选择与css选择器一样，选class加点，选id加#，选标签什么都不加
输出结果为：
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
url初始化
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
url='http://www.baidu.com'
doc = pq(url)
print(doc('head'))
文件初始化
在这里就不举出例子了，与前面两种方法类似
基本CSS选择器
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id='container'>
<ul class='list'>
<li class='item-0'>first item</li>
<li class='item-1'><a href='link2.html'>second item</a></li>
<li class='item-0 active'><a href='link3.html'><span class='bold'>third item</span></a></li>
<li class='item-1 active'><a href='link4.html'>fourth item</a></li>
<li class='item-0'><a href='link5.html'>fifth item</a></li>
</url>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
print(doc('#container .list li'))
输出结果为：
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
查找元素
查找子元素，find方法，查找元素里面包含的元素
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id='container'>
<ul class='list'>
<li class='item-0'>first item</li>
<li class='item-1'><a href='link2.html'>second item</a></li>
<li class='item-0 active'><a href='link3.html'><span class='bold'>third item</span></a></li>
<li class='item-1 active'><a href='link4.html'>fourth item</a></li>
<li class='item-0'><a href='link5.html'>fifth item</a></li>
</url>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
items = doc('.list')
print(type(items))
print(items)
lis = items.find('li')
print(type(lis))
print(lis)
输出结果为：
<class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul>
<class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
查找父元素
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id='container'>
<ul class='list'>
<li class='item-0'>first item</li>
<li class='item-1'><a href='link2.html'>second item</a></li>
<li class='item-0 active'><a href='link3.html'><span class='bold'>third item</span></a></li>
<li class='item-1 active'><a href='link4.html'>fourth item</a></li>
<li class='item-0'><a href='link5.html'>fifth item</a></li>
</url>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
items = doc('.list')
print(items.parent())
输出结果为：
<div id="container">
<ul class="list">
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
</ul></div>
还有parents方法，查找祖先节点，不只是父节点，父节点的父节点也会查找到
查找兄弟元素
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id='container'>
<ul class='list'>
<li class='item-0'>first item</li>
<li class='item-1'><a href='link2.html'>second item</a></li>
<li class='item-0 active'><a href='link3.html'><span class='bold'>third item</span></a></li>
<li class='item-1 active'><a href='link4.html'>fourth item</a></li>
<li class='item-0'><a href='link5.html'>fifth item</a></li>
</url>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
items = doc('.list .item-0.active')
print(items.siblings())
print(items.siblings('.active'))<br>#在查找的时候，可以进行进一步满足条件的筛选
输出结果为：
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
遍历，items()方法：实际上就是产生了一个产生器，再用for循环进行遍历
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id='container'>
<ul class='list'>
<li class='item-0'>first item</li>
<li class='item-1'><a href='link2.html'>second item</a></li>
<li class='item-0 active'><a href='link3.html'><span class='bold'>third item</span></a></li>
<li class='item-1 active'><a href='link4.html'>fourth item</a></li>
<li class='item-0'><a href='link5.html'>fifth item</a></li>
</url>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
lis = doc('li').items()
for li in lis:
print(li)
输出结果为：
<li class="item-0">first item</li>
<li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
<li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
<li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
<li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
获取信息
获取属性，比如要获取item元素的属性：item.attr(‘属性名称’)，或者：item.attr.属性名称
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id='container'>
<ul class='list'>
<li class='item-0'>first item</li>
<li class='item-1'><a href='link2.html'>second item</a></li>
<li class='item-0 active'><a href='link3.html'><span class='bold'>third item</span></a></li>
<li class='item-1 active'><a href='link4.html'>fourth item</a></li>
<li class='item-0'><a href='link5.html'>fifth item</a></li>
</url>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
li = doc('.item-0.active a')
print(li.attr.href)
print(li.attr('href'))
输出结果为：
link3.html
link3.html
获取文本，text()方法
还有DOM操作，因为使用的比较少，这里就不详细介绍了
下面是pyquery的官方文档
https://pyquery.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html