在Hotspot JVM上,我们能够直接对内存进行读写操作。该类的allocateMemory方法用于申请分配内存,putAddress和getAddress方法用于对直接内存进行读写。
下面将通过sun.misc.Unsafe演示直接读写内存的例子。
注意:这只是一个例子,只是用来验证通过sun.misc.Unsafe来实现直接读写内存的可能性。但是,这样做并没有安全保证,而且稍微有点疏忽将可能导致JVM崩溃。
Unsafe类的三个方法:allocateMemory,putAddress和getAddress如下:
1. long allocateMemory(long bytes)
申请分配内存
2. long getAddress(long address) 和void putAddress(long address, long x)
对直接内存进行读写
3.putByte、getByte方法,这两个方法deprecated了
因为Unsafe这个类的访问是受限的,只有rt.jar中的类才能使用Unsafe的功能,它的构造方法是私有的,所以,我们不能通过new来创建实例。但是,可以通过反射的方法来获取Unsafe实例。
实例一:
package my.memory; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import sun.misc.Unsafe; public class DirectMemoryAccess { public static void main(String[] args) { /* * Unsafe的构造函数是私有的,不能通过new来获得实例。 * * 通过反射来获取 */ Unsafe unsafe = null; Field field = null; try { field = sun.misc.Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe"); /* * private static final Unsafe theUnsafe = new Unsafe(); * * 因为field的修饰符为 private static final, * 需要将setAccessible设置成true,否则会报java.lang.IllegalAccessException */ field.setAccessible(true); unsafe = (Unsafe) field.get(null); } catch (SecurityException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } long oneHundred = 100; byte size = 1; /* * 调用allocateMemory分配内存 */ long memoryAddress = unsafe.allocateMemory(size); /* * 将100写入到内存中 */ unsafe.putAddress(memoryAddress, oneHundred); /* * 内存中读取数据 */ long readValue = unsafe.getAddress(memoryAddress); System.out.println("Val : " + readValue); } }
输出结果:
Val : 100
实例二:
package my.memory; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.util.Arrays; import sun.misc.Unsafe; public class DirectMemoryTest { private static int byteArrayBaseOffset; public static void main(String[] args) throws SecurityException, NoSuchFieldException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException { Field theUnsafe = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe"); theUnsafe.setAccessible(true); Unsafe UNSAFE = (Unsafe) theUnsafe.get(null); System.out.println(UNSAFE); byte[] data = new byte[10]; System.out.println(Arrays.toString(data)); byteArrayBaseOffset = UNSAFE.arrayBaseOffset(byte[].class); System.out.println("byteArrayBaseOffset:" + byteArrayBaseOffset); UNSAFE.putByte(data, byteArrayBaseOffset, (byte) 1); UNSAFE.putByte(data, byteArrayBaseOffset + 5, (byte) 5); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(data)); } }
运行结果:
sun.misc.Unsafe@de6ced [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] byteArrayBaseOffset:12 [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0]
实例三:
package my.memory; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import sun.misc.Unsafe; public class SuperArray { private final static int BYTE = 1; private long size; private long address; public SuperArray(long size) { this.size = size; //得到分配内存的起始地址 address = getUnsafe().allocateMemory(size * BYTE); } public void set(long i, byte value) { getUnsafe().putByte(address + i * BYTE, value); } public int get(long idx) { return getUnsafe().getByte(address + idx * BYTE); } public long size() { return size; } private static Unsafe getUnsafe() { Unsafe unsafe = null; Field field = null; try { field = sun.misc.Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe"); /* * private static final Unsafe theUnsafe = new Unsafe(); * 因为field的修饰符为 private static final, * 需要将setAccessible设置成true,否则会报java.lang.IllegalAccessException */ field.setAccessible(true); unsafe = (Unsafe) field.get(null); } catch (SecurityException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return unsafe; } public static void main(String[] args) { int sum = 0; long SUPER_SIZE = (long)Integer.MAX_VALUE * 2; SuperArray array = new SuperArray(SUPER_SIZE); System.out.println("Array size:" + array.size()); // 4294967294 for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) { array.set((long)i, (byte)3); sum += array.get((long)i); } System.out.println("Sum of 100 elements:" + sum); // 300 } }
运行结果:
Array size:4294967294 Sum of 100 elements:300
参考文章:
http://mouselearnjava.iteye.com/blog/1922390
http://tech.ddvip.com/2014-06/1403069715211221_2.html
PS:Unsafe的源代码,请参考下面的链接
http://www.docjar.com/html/api/sun/misc/Unsafe.java.html