apache和nginx的一些配置资料

最近在做的是web server从apache到nginx的转换，

主要的工作就是日志格式还有rewrite以及虚拟主机的转换。

以下是我查阅到的比较有用的配置资料和一些总结：

1、apache的LogFormat选项（配置参数/内置变量）：

(来自：http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_log_config.html#formats)

        The characteristics of the request itself are logged by placing "%" directives in the format string, which are replaced in the log file by the values as follows:

Format String Description

%%	The percent sign
%a	Remote IP-address
%A	Local IP-address
%B	Size of response in bytes, excluding HTTP headers.
%b	Size of response in bytes, excluding HTTP headers. In CLF format, i.e. a '-' rather than a 0 when no bytes are sent.
%{Foobar}C	The contents of cookie Foobar in the request sent to the server. Only version 0 cookies are fully supported.
%D	The time taken to serve the request, in microseconds.
%{FOOBAR}e	The contents of the environment variable FOOBAR
%f	Filename
%h	Remote host
%H	The request protocol
%{Foobar}i	The contents of Foobar: header line(s) in the request sent to the server. Changes made by other modules (e.g. mod_headers) affect this. If you're interested in what the request header was prior to when most modules would have modified it, use mod_setenvif to copy the header into an internal environment variable and log that value with the %{VARNAME}e described above.
%k	Number of keepalive requests handled on this connection. Interesting if KeepAlive is being used, so that, for example, a '1' means the first keepalive request after the initial one, '2' the second, etc...; otherwise this is always 0 (indicating the initial request). Available in versions 2.2.11 and later.
%l	Remote logname (from identd, if supplied). This will return a dash unless mod_ident is present and IdentityCheck is set On.
%m	The request method
%{Foobar}n	The contents of note Foobar from another module.
%{Foobar}o	The contents of Foobar: header line(s) in the reply.
%p	The canonical port of the server serving the request
%{format}p	The canonical port of the server serving the request or the server's actual port or the client's actual port. Valid formats are canonical, local, orremote.
%P	The process ID of the child that serviced the request.
%{format}P	The process ID or thread id of the child that serviced the request. Valid formats are pid, tid, and hextid. hextid requires APR 1.2.0 or higher.
%q	The query string (prepended with a ? if a query string exists, otherwise an empty string)
%r	First line of request
%R	The handler generating the response (if any).
%s	Status. For requests that got internally redirected, this is the status of the *original* request --- %>s for the last.
%t	Time the request was received (standard english format)
%{format}t	The time, in the form given by format, which should be in strftime(3) format. (potentially localized)
%T	The time taken to serve the request, in seconds.
%u	Remote user (from auth; may be bogus if return status (%s) is 401)
%U	The URL path requested, not including any query string.
%v	The canonical ServerName of the server serving the request.
%V	The server name according to the UseCanonicalName setting.
%X	Connection status when response is completed: X = connection aborted before the response completed. + = connection may be kept alive after the response is sent. - = connection will be closed after the response is sent. (This directive was %c in late versions of Apache 1.3, but this conflicted with the historical ssl %{var}c syntax.)
%I	Bytes received, including request and headers, cannot be zero. You need to enable mod_logio to use this.
%O	Bytes sent, including headers, cannot be zero. You need to enable mod_logio to use this.

2、nginx的log_format配置参数（内置变量）：

（来自：http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_log_module.html#log_format）

        The log format can contain common variables, and variables that exist only at the time of a log write:

$body_bytes_sent

the number of bytes sent to a client not counting the response header; this variable is compatible with the “ %B” parameter of the  mod_log_config Apache module

$bytes_sent

the number of bytes sent to a client

$connection

connection serial number

$connection_requests （nginx 1.1.18版本及以后版本才有这个变量）

the current number of requests made through a connection

$msec

time in seconds with a milliseconds resolution at the time of log write

$pipe

“ p” if request was pipelined, “ .” otherwise

$request_length

request length (including request line, header, and request body)

$request_time

request processing time in seconds with a milliseconds resolution; time elapsed between the first bytes were read from the client and the log write after the last bytes were sent to the client

$status

response status

$time_iso8601

local time in the ISO 8601 standard format

$time_local

local time in the Common Log Format

 

Header lines sent to a client have the prefix “sent_http_”,

         for example, $sent_http_content_range.

        The configuration always includes the predefined format “combined”:

log_format combined '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
                    '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent '
                    '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';