一.MINA框架简介
MINA(Multipurpose Infrastructure for Network Applications)是用于开发高性能和高可用性的网络应用程序的基础框架。通过使用MINA框架可以可以省下处理底层I/O和线程并发等复杂工 作,开发人员能够把更多的精力投入到业务设计和开发当中。MINA框架的应用比较广泛,应用的开源项目有Apache Directory、AsyncWeb、Apache Qpid、QuickFIX/J、Openfire、SubEthaSTMP、red5等。MINA框架当前稳定版本是1.1.6,最新的2.0版本目前 已经发布了M1版本。
MINA框架的特点有:基于java NIO类库开发;采用非阻塞方式的异步传输;事件驱动;支持批量数据传输;支持TCP、UDP协议;控制反转的设计模式(支持Spring);采用优雅的 松耦合架构;可灵活的加载过滤器机制;单元测试更容易实现;可自定义线程的数量,以提高运行于多处理器上的性能;采用回调的方式完成调用,线程的使用更容 易。
二.MINA框架的常用类
类NioSocketAcceptor用于创建服务端监听;
类NioSocketConnector用于创建客户端连接;
类IoSession用来保存会话属性和发送消息;
类IoHandlerAdapter用于定义业务逻辑,常用的方法有:
方法 定义
sessionCreated() 当会话创建时被触发
sessionOpened() 当会话开始时被触发
sessionClosed() 当会话关闭时被触发
sessionIdle() 当会话空闲时被触发
exceptionCaught() 当接口中其他方法抛出异常未被捕获时触发此方法
messageRecieved() 当接收到消息后被触发
messageSent() 当发送消息后被触发
三.服务端应用开发示例
所需jar包slf4j-api.jar、slf4j-jdk14.jar、MINA-core-2.0.0-M6.jar。
1)、首先定义一个业务逻辑处理器TimeServerHandler,继承自IoHandlerAdapter,实现的功能有:当客户端创建会话时会显示客户端设备的IP和端口;当客户端输入quit时结束会话;客户端输入其它内容时则向客户端发送当前时间。代码如下:
TimeServerHandler :
- import java.util.Date;
- import org.apache.mina.core.service.IoHandlerAdapter;
- import org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession;
- public class TimeServerHandler extends IoHandlerAdapter {
- public void sessionCreated(IoSession session) {
- // 显示客户端的ip和端口
- System.out.println(session.getRemoteAddress().toString()+"1111111111111");
- }
- @Override
- public void messageReceived(IoSession session, Object message)
- throws Exception {
- String str = message.toString();
- System.out.println("str:"+str);
- if (str.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("quit")) {
- session.close();
- // 结束会话return;
- }
- Date date = new Date();
- session.write(date.toString());
- // 返回当前时间的字符串
- System.out.println("Message written..."+"2222222222");
- }
- }
MinaTimeServer:
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
- import java.nio.charset.Charset;
- import org.apache.mina.core.service.IoAcceptor;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolCodecFilter;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.textline.TextLineCodecFactory;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.logging.LoggingFilter;
- import org.apache.mina.transport.socket.nio.NioSocketAcceptor;
- public class MinaTimeServer {
- private static final int PORT = 9123;// 定义监听端口
- /**
- * @param args
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- IoAcceptor acceptor = new NioSocketAcceptor();
- acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast("logger", new LoggingFilter());
- acceptor.getFilterChain().addLast("codec",new ProtocolCodecFilter(new TextLineCodecFactory(Charset.forName("UTF-8")))); // 指定编码过滤器
- acceptor.setHandler(new TimeServerHandler()); // 指定业务逻辑处理器
- acceptor.setDefaultLocalAddress(new InetSocketAddress(PORT)); // 设置端口号
- acceptor.bind();// 启动监听}
- }
- }
2)、客户端代码:
TimeClientHandler:
- import org.apache.mina.core.service.IoHandlerAdapter;
- import org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession;
- public class TimeClientHandler extends IoHandlerAdapter{
- public TimeClientHandler() {}
- @Override
- public void messageReceived(IoSession session, Object message) throws Exception {
- System.out.println(message);// 显示接收到的消息
- }
- }
MinaTimeClient:
- import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
- import java.nio.charset.Charset;
- import org.apache.mina.core.future.ConnectFuture;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolCodecFilter;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.textline.TextLineCodecFactory;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.logging.LoggingFilter;
- import org.apache.mina.transport.socket.nio.NioSocketConnector;
- public class MinaTimeClient {
- /**
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- // 创建客户端连接器.
- NioSocketConnector connector = new NioSocketConnector();
- connector.getFilterChain().addLast( "logger", new LoggingFilter() );
- connector.getFilterChain().addLast( "codec", new ProtocolCodecFilter( new TextLineCodecFactory( Charset.forName( "UTF-8" )))); //设置编码过滤器
- connector.setConnectTimeout(30);
- connector.setHandler(new TimeClientHandler());//设置事件处理器
- ConnectFuture cf = connector.connect(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 9123));//建立连接
- cf.awaitUninterruptibly();//等待连接创建完成
- cf.getSession().write("hello");//发送消息
- cf.getSession().write("quit");//发送消息
- cf.getSession().getCloseFuture().awaitUninterruptibly();//等待连接断开
- connector.dispose();
- }
- }
*MINA传输对象:
1)、建立两个工程代码组织如下:
传输对象:
UserInfo:
- package Mina.Object;
- public class UserInfo implements java.io.Serializable{
- private String name;
- private String QQNum;
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public String getQQNum() {
- return QQNum;
- }
- public void setQQNum(String qQNum) {
- QQNum = qQNum;
- }
- }
客户端代码:
- package Mina.client;
- import org.apache.mina.core.service.IoHandlerAdapter;
- import org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession;
- import Mina.Object.UserInfo;
- public class ClientHandler extends IoHandlerAdapter {
- private static ClientHandler samplMinaClientHandler = null;
- public static ClientHandler getInstances() {
- if (null == samplMinaClientHandler) {
- samplMinaClientHandler = new ClientHandler();
- }
- return samplMinaClientHandler;
- }
- private ClientHandler() {
- }
- public void sessionOpened(IoSession session) throws Exception {
- session.write("客户端与服务器的会话打开了……");
- UserInfo text=new UserInfo();
- text.setName("梅竹寒香");
- text.setQQNum("972341215");
- session.write(text);
- }
- public void sessionClosed(IoSession session) {
- }
- public void messageReceived(IoSession session, Object message)
- throws Exception {
- }
- public void messageSent(IoSession arg0, Object arg1) throws Exception {
- System.out.println("客户端已经向服务器发送了:"+(String)arg1);
- }
- }
MainClient:
- package Mina.client;
- import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
- import org.apache.mina.core.filterchain.DefaultIoFilterChainBuilder;
- import org.apache.mina.core.future.ConnectFuture;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolCodecFilter;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.serialization.ObjectSerializationCodecFactory;
- import org.apache.mina.transport.socket.nio.NioSocketConnector;
- public class MainClient {
- private static MainClient mainClient = null;
- NioSocketConnector connector = new NioSocketConnector();
- DefaultIoFilterChainBuilder chain = connector.getFilterChain();
- public static MainClient getInstances() {
- if (null == mainClient) {
- mainClient = new MainClient();
- }
- return mainClient;
- }
- private MainClient() {
- chain.addLast("myChin", new ProtocolCodecFilter(
- new ObjectSerializationCodecFactory()));
- connector.setHandler(ClientHandler.getInstances());
- connector.setConnectTimeout(30);
- ConnectFuture cf = connector.connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost",
- 8888));
- }
- public static void main(String args[]) {
- MainClient.getInstances();
- }
- }
服务器端:
ServerHandler:
- package Mina.server;
- import org.apache.mina.core.filterchain.IoFilterAdapter;
- import org.apache.mina.core.service.IoHandler;
- import org.apache.mina.core.session.IdleStatus;
- import org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession;
- import Mina.Object.UserInfo;
- public class ServerHandler extends IoFilterAdapter implements IoHandler {
- private static ServerHandler samplMinaServerHandler = null;
- public static ServerHandler getInstances() {
- if (null == samplMinaServerHandler) {
- samplMinaServerHandler = new ServerHandler();
- }
- return samplMinaServerHandler;
- }
- private ServerHandler() {
- }
- // 当连接后打开时触发此方法,一般此方法与 sessionCreated 会被同时触发
- public void sessionOpened(IoSession session) throws Exception {
- }
- public void sessionClosed(IoSession session) {
- }
- public void messageReceived(IoSession session, Object message)
- throws Exception {
- if (message instanceof UserInfo) {
- UserInfo text = (UserInfo) message;
- System.out.println("服务器接收到从客户端的姓名:"+text.getName());
- System.out.println("服务器接收到从客户端的QQ:"+text.getQQNum());
- }
- }
- public void exceptionCaught(IoSession arg0, Throwable arg1)
- throws Exception {
- }
- // 当消息传送到客户端后触发
- public void messageSent(IoSession arg0, Object arg1) throws Exception {
- }
- // 当一个新客户端连接后触发此方法.
- public void sessionCreated(IoSession arg0) throws Exception {
- }
- // 当连接空闲时触发此方法.
- public void sessionIdle(IoSession arg0, IdleStatus arg1) throws Exception {
- }
- }
MainServer:
- package Mina.server;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
- import org.apache.mina.core.filterchain.DefaultIoFilterChainBuilder;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolCodecFilter;
- import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.serialization.ObjectSerializationCodecFactory;
- import org.apache.mina.transport.socket.SocketAcceptor;
- import org.apache.mina.transport.socket.nio.NioSocketAcceptor;
- public class MainServer {
- private static MainServer mainServer = null;
- private SocketAcceptor acceptor = new NioSocketAcceptor();
- private DefaultIoFilterChainBuilder chain = acceptor.getFilterChain();
- private int bindPort = 8888;
- public static MainServer getInstances() {
- if (null == mainServer) {
- mainServer = new MainServer();
- }
- return mainServer;
- }
- private MainServer() {
- chain.addLast("myChin", new ProtocolCodecFilter(
- new ObjectSerializationCodecFactory()));
- acceptor.setHandler(ServerHandler.getInstances());
- try {
- acceptor.bind(new InetSocketAddress(bindPort));
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- MainServer.getInstances();
- }
- }