Python针对日期时间的处理提供了大量的package，类和方法，但在可用性上来看非常繁琐和麻烦
第三方库Arrow提供了一个合理的、人性化的方法来创建、操作、格式转换的日期，时间，和时间戳，帮助我们使用较少的导入和更少的代码来处理日期和时间。
pip install arrow
获取当前时间 arrow.utcnow(), arrow.now()
>>> arrow.utcnow() <Arrow [2013-05-07T04:20:39.369271+00:00]> >>> arrow.now() <Arrow [2013-05-06T21:20:40.841085-07:00]> >>> arrow.now('US/Pacific') <Arrow [2013-05-06T21:20:44.761511-07:00]>
将时间戳转化为arrow对象 arrow.get(timestamp)
>>> arrow.get(1367900664) <Arrow [2013-05-07T04:24:24+00:00]> >>> arrow.get(1367900664.152325) <Arrow [2013-05-07T04:24:24.152325+00:00]>
# 时间戳可以是int，float或者可以转化为float的字符串
将字符串转换为arrow对象 arrow.get(string[,format_string])
>>> arrow.get(datetime.utcnow()) <Arrow [2013-05-07T04:24:24.152325+00:00]> >>> arrow.get(datetime(2013, 5, 5), 'US/Pacific') <Arrow [2013-05-05T00:00:00-07:00]> >>> from dateutil import tz >>> arrow.get(datetime(2013, 5, 5), tz.gettz('US/Pacific')) <Arrow [2013-05-05T00:00:00-07:00]> >>> arrow.get(datetime.now(tz.gettz('US/Pacific'))) <Arrow [2013-05-06T21:24:49.552236-07:00]>
直接创建arrow对象
>>> arrow.get('2013-05-05 12:30:45', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss') <Arrow [2013-05-05T12:30:45+00:00]>
>>> arrow.get('June was born in May 1980', 'MMMM YYYY') <Arrow [1980-05-01T00:00:00+00:00]>
>>> arrow.get('2013-09-30T15:34:00.000-07:00')
<Arrow [2013-09-30T15:34:00-07:00]>
>>> arrow.get(2013, 5, 5)
<Arrow [2013-05-05T00:00:00+00:00]> >>> arrow.Arrow(2013, 5, 5) <Arrow [2013-05-05T00:00:00+00:00]>
arrow对象属性 datetime,timestamp,native,tzinfo
>>> a = arrow.utcnow() >>> a.datetime datetime.datetime(2013, 5, 7, 4, 38, 15, 447644, tzinfo=tzutc()) >>> a.timestamp 1367901495
>>> a.naive
datetime.datetime(2013, 5, 7, 4, 38, 15, 447644) >>> a.tzinfo tzutc()
>>> a.year
2013
>>> a.date()
datetime.date(2013, 5, 7)
>>> a.time() datetime.time(4, 38, 15, 447644)
Replace & Shift
替换和推移时间
shift方法获取某个时间之前或之后的时间,关键字参数为 years, months, days, hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds, weeks, quarters, weekday
>>> arw = arrow.utcnow() >>> arw <Arrow [2013-05-12T03:29:35.334214+00:00]> >>> arw.replace(hour=4, minute=40) <Arrow [2013-05-12T04:40:35.334214+00:00]>
>>> arw.shift(weeks=+3) <Arrow [2013-06-02T03:29:35.334214+00:00]>
>>> arw.replace(tzinfo='US/Pacific') <Arrow [2013-05-12T03:29:35.334214-07:00]>
格式化输出 和 类型转换
>>> arrow.utcnow().format('YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss ZZ') '2013-05-07 05:23:16 -00:00
>>> utc = arrow.utcnow() >>> utc <Arrow [2013-05-07T05:24:11.823627+00:00]> >>> utc.to('US/Pacific') <Arrow [2013-05-06T22:24:11.823627-07:00]> >>> utc.to(tz.gettz('US/Pacific')) <Arrow [2013-05-06T22:24:11.823627-07:00]>
>>> utc.to('local') <Arrow [2013-05-06T22:24:11.823627-07:00]> >>> utc.to('local').to('utc') <Arrow [2013-05-07T05:24:11.823627+00:00]>
人性化输出 a.humanize()
>>> past = arrow.utcnow().shift(hours=-1) >>> past.humanize() 'an hour ago'
>>> present = arrow.utcnow()
>>> future = present.shift(hours=2) >>> future.humanize(present) 'in 2 hours'
>>> present = arrow.utcnow()
>>> future = present.shift(hours=2) >>> future.humanize(present) 'in 2 hours' >>> future.humanize(present, only_distance=True) '2 hours'
>>> present = arrow.utcnow()
>>> future = present.shift(minutes=66) >>> future.humanize(present, granularity="minute") 'in 66 minutes' >>> future.humanize(present, granularity=["hour", "minute"]) 'in an hour and 6 minutes' >>> present.humanize(future, granularity=["hour", "minute"]) 'an hour and 6 minutes ago' >>> future.humanize(present, only_distance=True, granularity=["hour", "minute"]) 'an hour and 6 minutes'
>>> future = arrow.utcnow().shift(hours=1) >>> future.humanize(a, locale='ru') 'через 2 час(а,ов)'
参考：github