java程序读取excel表格并存入mysql数据库详细教程

0)poi简单介绍
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库，POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。
HSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel格式档案的功能。
XSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML格式档案的功能。
HWPF － 提供读写Microsoft Word格式档案的功能。
HSLF － 提供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。
HDGF － 提供读写Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。
1）导入依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5.6</version>
        </dependency>

2）写个ExcelUtil 工具类

package com.example.tool;

import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


import com.example.bean.ExcelBean;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.DateUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;


/**
 * @ClassName ExcelUtil
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author 胡泽
 * @Date 2019/8/31 9:31
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class ExcelUtil {

    private final static String excel2003L = ".xls"; // 2003- 版本的excel
    private final static String excel2007U = ".xlsx"; // 2007+ 版本的excel

    /**
     * Excel导入
     */
    public static List<List<Object>> getUserListByExcel(InputStream in, String fileName) throws Exception {
        List<List<Object>> list = null;
        // 创建Excel工作薄
        Workbook work = getWorkbook(in, fileName);
        if (null == work) {
            throw new Exception("创建Excel工作薄为空！");
        }
        Sheet sheet = null;
        Row row = null;
        Cell cell = null;
        list = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();
        // 遍历Excel中所有的sheet
        for (int i = 0; i < work.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {
            sheet = work.getSheetAt(i);
            if (sheet == null) {
                continue;
            }
            // 遍历当前sheet中的所有行
            // 包含头部，所以要小于等于最后一列数,这里也可以在初始值加上头部行数，以便跳过头部
            for (int j = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); j <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {
                // 读取一行
                row = sheet.getRow(j);
                // 去掉空行和表头
                if (row == null || row.getFirstCellNum() == j) {
                    continue;
                }
                // 遍历所有的列
                List<Object> li = new ArrayList<Object>();
                for (int y = row.getFirstCellNum(); y < row.getLastCellNum(); y++) {
                    cell = row.getCell(y);
                    li.add(getCellValue(cell));
                }
                list.add(li);
            }
        }
        return list;
    }

    /**
     * 描述：根据文件后缀，自适应上传文件的版本
     */
    public static Workbook getWorkbook(InputStream inStr, String fileName) throws Exception {
        Workbook wb = null;
        String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
        if (excel2003L.equals(fileType)) {
            wb = new HSSFWorkbook(inStr); // 2003-
        } else if (excel2007U.equals(fileType)) {
            wb = new XSSFWorkbook(inStr); // 2007+
        } else {
            throw new Exception("解析的文件格式有误！");
        }
        return wb;
    }

    /**
     * 描述：对表格中数值进行格式化
     */
    public static Object getCellValue(Cell cell) {
        Object value = null;
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0"); // 格式化字符类型的数字
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss"); // 日期格式化
        DecimalFormat df2 = new DecimalFormat("0"); // 格式化数字
        if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.STRING) {
            value = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
        } else if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.NUMERIC) {
            if ("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
                value = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
            } else if ("m/d/yy".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
                value = sdf.format(cell.getDateCellValue());
            } else {
                value = df2.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
            }
        } else if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.BOOLEAN) {
            value = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
        } else if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.BLANK) {
            value = "";
        }
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 导入Excel表结束 导出Excel表开始
     *
     * @param sheetName
     *            工作簿名称
     * @param clazz
     *            数据源model类型
     * @param objs
     *            excel标题列以及对应model字段名
     * @param map
     *            标题列行数以及cell字体样式
     */
    public static XSSFWorkbook createExcelFile(Class clazz, List objs, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map,
                                               String sheetName) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException,
            ClassNotFoundException, IntrospectionException {
        // 创建新的Excel工作簿
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
        // 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表，其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称
        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);
        // 以下为excel的字体样式以及excel的标题与内容的创建，下面会具体分析;
        createTableHeader(sheet, map); //创建标题（头）
        createTableRows(sheet, map, objs, clazz); // 创建内容
        return workbook;
    }

    /**
     * @param sheet
     *            工作簿
     * @param map
     *            每行每个单元格对应的列头信息
     */
    public static final void createTableHeader(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map) {
        for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
            XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(entry.getKey());
            List<ExcelBean> excels = entry.getValue();
            for (int x = 0; x < excels.size(); x++) {
                XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(x);
                cell.setCellValue(excels.get(x).getHeadTextName());// 设置内容
            }
        }
    }

    public static void createTableRows(XSSFSheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> map, List objs, Class clazz)
            throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, IntrospectionException{
        int rowindex = map.size();
        int maxKey = 0;
        List<ExcelBean> ems = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Map.Entry<Integer, List<ExcelBean>> entry : map.entrySet()) {
            if (entry.getKey() > maxKey) {
                maxKey = entry.getKey();
            }
        }
        ems = map.get(maxKey);
        for (Object obj : objs) {
            XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowindex);
            for (int i = 0; i < ems.size(); i++) {
                ExcelBean em = (ExcelBean) ems.get(i);
                // 获得get方法
                PropertyDescriptor pd = new PropertyDescriptor(em.getPropertyName(), clazz);
                Method getMethod = pd.getReadMethod();
                Object rtn = getMethod.invoke(obj);
                String value = "";
                // 如果是日期类型进行转换
                if (rtn != null) {
                    if (rtn instanceof Date) {
                        value = DateUtils.formatDate((Date) rtn, "yyyy-MM-dd");
                    } else {
                        value = rtn.toString();
                    }
                }
                XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellValue(value);
                cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
            }
            rowindex++;
        }
    }
}

3）实体类

package com.example.bean;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @ClassName ExcelBean
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author 胡泽
 * @Date 2019/8/31 9:33
 * @Version 1.0
 */
public class ExcelBean implements Serializable {
    private String headTextName; // 列头（标题）名
    private String propertyName; // 对应字段名
    private Integer cols; // 合并单元格数
    private XSSFCellStyle cellStyle;

    public ExcelBean() {
    }

    public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName) {
        this.headTextName = headTextName;
        this.propertyName = propertyName;
    }

    public ExcelBean(String headTextName, String propertyName, Integer cols) {
        super();
        this.headTextName = headTextName;
        this.propertyName = propertyName;
        this.cols = cols;
    }

    public String getHeadTextName() {
        return headTextName;
    }

    public void setHeadTextName(String headTextName) {
        this.headTextName = headTextName;
    }

    public String getPropertyName() {
        return propertyName;
    }

    public void setPropertyName(String propertyName) {
        this.propertyName = propertyName;
    }

    public Integer getCols() {
        return cols;
    }

    public void setCols(Integer cols) {
        this.cols = cols;
    }

    public XSSFCellStyle getCellStyle() {
        return cellStyle;
    }

    public void setCellStyle(XSSFCellStyle cellStyle) {
        this.cellStyle = cellStyle;
    }

}

4）jsp页面

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: admin
  Date: 2019/8/30
  Time: 9:02
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri ="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--<form action="list" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"  >
    <input type="file" name="myfile" />
    <input type="submit" value="导入"/>
</form>--%>
<form action="getExcelData" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"  >
    <input type="file" name="myfile" />
    <input type="submit" value="导入"/>
</form>
<hr/>

<form action="export" method="post">
    <input type="submit" value="导出">
</form>
</body>
</html>

5）controller 类

@RequestMapping(value = "/getExcelData", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String getExcelData(MultipartFile myfile, Model model) {
        try {
            List<List<Object>> lists = ExcelUtil.getUserListByExcel(myfile.getInputStream(), myfile.getOriginalFilename());
            //List<List<Object>>--->List<User>
            List<UserInfo> users = new ArrayList<>();
            //
            for (int i = 0; i < lists.size(); i++) {
                UserInfo user = new UserInfo();
                List<Object> ob = lists.get(i);//List<Object>
                user.setId(Integer.parseInt(ob.get(0).toString()));//"1"
                user.setUsername(ob.get(1).toString());
                //ob.get(4).toString();//Object-->String("2019-08-30 12:12:12")--->Date
                SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
                System.out.println("1111111111111111111"+ob.get(4).toString());
                Date time = sdf.parse(ob.get(4).toString());
                user.setCreatedate(time);
                users.add(user);
            }
            //插入数据
            userInfoService.insert(users);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        UserInfoExample userExample = new UserInfoExample();
        List<UserInfo> allusers = userInfoService.selectByExample(userExample);
        model.addAttribute("all", allusers);
        return "display";
    }

6)效果图

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