在工作中有用到HTTP请求外部地址传递数据.
工具类
commons-httpclient-3.1.jar
用Url这个类明显效率低下,所以改用连接池概念的URL请求,这将大大提高了请求效率.
主发送类
package com.cdg.test;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
public class HttpClientTest {
/**
* 组装参数,这里用Map,一键一值比较通用,可以当做共用方法
* @param params
* @return
*/
private NameValuePair[] buildNameValuePairs(Map<String, String> params) {
Object[] keys = params.keySet().toArray();
NameValuePair[] pairs = new NameValuePair[keys.length];
for (int i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
String key = (String) keys[i];
pairs[i] = new NameValuePair(key, params.get(key));
}
return pairs;
}
/**
* 发送HTTP请求
* @param bean
* @return
*/
public String lscmToOutsideService(PushData bean) {
String url = bean.getUrl();
HashMap<String, String> params = bean.getParams();
String code = bean.getEncode();
if (null == url || "".equals(url.trim())) {
return HttpClientUtil.returnError("推送地址错误[url=" + url + "]");
}
if (null == code || "".equals(code.trim())) {
return HttpClientUtil.returnError("编码错误[code=" + code + "]");
}
if (null == params || params.size() == 0) {
return HttpClientUtil.returnError("无传递参数[params.size = 0]");
}
NameValuePair[] pairs = buildNameValuePairs(params);//组装参数
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);//放地址
postMethod.setRequestHeader("Content-type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=" + code);
postMethod.setRequestBody(pairs);
postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER,
new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());
return HttpClientUtil.doHttpRequest(postMethod, code);
}
/**
* 测试一下
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url = "http://10.0.2.241:8080/xxx/XxxServlet";
String xml = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
PushData bean = new PushData();
bean.setEncode("UTF-8");
bean.setUrl(url);
HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("aaaa", xml);
params.put("bbbb", "bbbxxxx");
bean.setParams(params);
String r = new HttpClientTest().lscmToOutsideService(bean);
System.out.println(r);
}
}
工具类
package com.cdg.test;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.Header;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpConnectionManager;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpConnectionManagerParams;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
public class HttpClientUtil {
/**
* 日志处理类
*/
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HttpClientUtil.class);
// 读取超时
private final static int SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 10000;
// 连接超时
private final static int CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 10000;
// 每个HOST的最大连接数量
private final static int MAX_CONN_PRE_HOST = 20;
// 连接池的最大连接数
private final static int MAX_CONN = 60;
// 连接池
private final static HttpConnectionManager httpConnectionManager;
static {
httpConnectionManager = new MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager();
HttpConnectionManagerParams params = httpConnectionManager.getParams();
params.setConnectionTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT);
params.setSoTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT);
params.setDefaultMaxConnectionsPerHost(MAX_CONN_PRE_HOST);
params.setMaxTotalConnections(MAX_CONN);
}
/**
* 发送主要方法,异常捕获
* @param post
* @param code
* @return
*/
public static String doHttpRequest(PostMethod post, String code) {
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(httpConnectionManager);
resetRequestHeader(httpClient, "10.0.23.178");
// 设置读取超时时间(单位毫秒)
// httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.socket.timeout",socket_timeout);
// 设置连接超时时间(单位毫秒)
// httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.connection.timeout",connection_timeout);
// httpClient.getParams().setParameter("http.connection-manager.timeout",100000000L);
BufferedReader in = null;
String resultString = "";
try {
httpClient.executeMethod(post);
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(post
.getResponseBodyAsStream(), code));
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
resultString = buffer.toString();
} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
log.error("连接超时" + e.toString());
// throw new CustomException(
// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.CONNECTION_EXCEPTION,
// "连接超时:" + e.getMessage(), e);
resultString = returnError("连接超时");
} catch (HttpException e) {
log.error("读取外部服务器数据失败" + e.toString());
// throw new CustomException(
// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.SOCKET_EXCEPTION,
// "读取天猫服务器数据失败:" + e.getMessage(), e);
resultString = returnError("读取外部服务器数据失败");
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
log.error("请求的主机地址无效" + e.toString());
// throw new CustomException(
// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.CONNECTION_EXCEPTION,
// "请求的主机地址无效:" + e.getMessage(), e);
resultString = returnError("请求的主机地址无效");
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("向外部接口发送数据失败" + e.toString());
// throw new CustomException(
// TmallConstants.TmallExceptionType.INNER_EXCEPTION,
// "向天猫发送数据失败", e);
resultString = returnError("向外部接口发送数据失败");
} finally {
if (in != null) {
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
post.releaseConnection();
}
return resultString;
}
/**
* 设置一下返回错误的通用提示,可以自定义格式.
* @param reason
* @return
*/
public static String returnError(String reason) {
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"GBK\"?>");
buffer.append("<Response>");
buffer.append("<Success>false</Success>");
buffer.append("<reason>");
buffer.append(reason);
buffer.append("</reason>");
buffer.append("</Response>");
return buffer.toString();
}
public final static String REQUEST_HEADER = "x-forwarded-for";
/**
* 将客户IP写入请求头
* 这个设置可以伪装IP请求,注意使用
* @param client
* @param ip
* @return
*/
public static void resetRequestHeader(HttpClient client, String ip) {
List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<Header>();
headers.add(new Header(REQUEST_HEADER, ip));
client.getHostConfiguration().getParams().setParameter(
"http.default-headers", headers);
}
}
commons-httpclient-3.1.jar
工具包,请大家到官网下载
调用webservice也有用
java.lang.ThreadLocal<>
这个类的,已空间换时间的方式,用的也不错,使用到可以去研究一下,比直接调用客户端生成要快,比动态CXF更快