这段时间一直在学习LCD12864
并行模式下 程序
/*
日期：2018年6月30号
产品 LCD12864 带字库
代码思路：并行模式 写入字符串 分屏显示
*/
#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
sbit LCD_RS=P1^0;//定义引脚
sbit LCD_RW=P1^1;//读写端
sbit LCD_E=P2^5;// EN使能端
sbit PSB =P1^2; //PSB脚为12864-12系列的串、并通讯功能切换，我们使用8位并行接口，PSB=1
#define LCD_Data P0
#define Busy 0x80 //用于检测LCD状态字中的Busy标识
void WriteDataLCD(unsigned char WDLCD);//写数据
void WriteCommandLCD(unsigned char WCLCD,BuysC);//写指令
unsigned char ReadDataLCD(void); //读数据
unsigned char ReadStatusLCD(void);
void LCDInit(void); //初始化
void LCDClear(void); //清除屏幕
void LCDFlash(void);//屏幕闪烁
void DisplayOneChar(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y, unsigned char DData);
void DisplayListChar(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y, unsigned char code *DData);
void DisplayImage (unsigned char code *DData);
void Delay5Ms(void);
void Delay400Ms(void);
code unsigned char uctech[] = {"我在这里"};
code unsigned char net[] = {"祝大家"};
code unsigned char mcu[] = {"端午节快乐！"};
code unsigned char qq[] = {"happyDragonBoat"};
code unsigned char tmp[]={/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
源文件 / 文字 : 九江学院电子协会
宽×高（像素）: 128×64
------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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//0X00,0X00,0X00,0X78,0XFF,0XFE,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X1F,0XFC,0X79,0XFF,0XFE,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X7F,0XFF,0X39,0XFF,0XFE,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0XFF,0XFF,0XFD,0XFF,0XFC,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XF8,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XFF,0XF0,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X7F,0XFF,0XFE,0XFF,0XE0,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X3F,0XFF,0XEF,0X7E,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X0F,0XFF,0XEF,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X07,0XFF,0XC7,0X80,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X01,0XFF,0X83,0XC0,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X00,0X1E,0X01,0XE0,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X00,0X00,0X01,0XF0,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X60,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
//0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,0X00,
};
void main(void)
{
Delay400Ms(); //启动等待，等LCD讲入工作状态
LCDInit(); //LCM初始化
Delay5Ms(); //延时片刻(可不要)
while(1){
LCDClear();
DisplayImage(tmp);//显示图形
Delay400Ms();
Delay400Ms();
Delay400Ms();
Delay400Ms();
Delay400Ms();
LCDClear();
DisplayListChar(0,1,uctech); //显示字库中的中文数字
DisplayListChar(0,2,net); //显示字库中的中文数字
DisplayListChar(0,3,mcu); //显示字库中的中文
DisplayListChar(0,4,qq); //显示字库中的中文数字
Delay400Ms();
Delay400Ms();
Delay400Ms();
Delay400Ms();
LCDFlash(); //闪烁效果
}
}
//写数据
void WriteDataLCD(unsigned char WDLCD)
{
ReadStatusLCD(); //检测忙
LCD_RS = 1;
LCD_RW = 0; //RW为写数据
LCD_Data = WDLCD;
LCD_E = 1;
LCD_E = 1;
LCD_E = 1;
LCD_E = 0;
}
//写指令
void WriteCommandLCD(unsigned char WCLCD,BuysC) //BuysC为0时忽略忙检测
{
if (BuysC) ReadStatusLCD(); //根据需要检测忙
LCD_RS = 0;
LCD_RW = 0;
LCD_Data = WCLCD;
LCD_E = 1;
LCD_E = 1;
LCD_E = 1;
LCD_E = 0;
}
//读数据
unsigned char ReadDataLCD(void)
{
LCD_RS = 1;
LCD_RW = 1;//读数据
LCD_E = 0;
LCD_E = 0;
LCD_E = 1;
return(LCD_Data);//把PO口的数据读出
}
//读状态
unsigned char ReadStatusLCD(void)
{
LCD_Data = 0xFF;
LCD_RS = 0;//指令表规定
LCD_RW = 1;//
LCD_E = 1;
while (LCD_Data & Busy); //检测忙信号 Busy 为0x80
LCD_E = 0;
return(LCD_Data);
}
void LCDInit(void) //LCM初始化
{
WriteCommandLCD(0x30,1); //显示模式设置,开始要求每次检测忙信号
WriteCommandLCD(0x01,1); //显示清屏
WriteCommandLCD(0x06,1); // 显示光标移动设置 光标右移 显示屏不移动 DDRAM地址计数器AC+1
WriteCommandLCD(0x0C,1); // 显示开及光标设置
}
void LCDClear(void) //清屏
{
WriteCommandLCD(0x01,1); //显示清屏
WriteCommandLCD(0x34,1); // 显示光标移动设置 扩充指令动作
WriteCommandLCD(0x30,1); // 设定 8位控制界面
}
void LCDFlash(void) //闪烁效果
{
WriteCommandLCD(0x08,1); //显示清屏 整体显示关 游标关 游标位置关
Delay400Ms();
WriteCommandLCD(0x0c,1); // 显示开 及光标设置 游标不开 显示屏开
Delay400Ms();
WriteCommandLCD(0x08,1); //显示清屏
Delay400Ms();
WriteCommandLCD(0x0c,1); // 显示开 及光标设置
Delay400Ms();
WriteCommandLCD(0x08,1); //显示清屏
Delay400Ms();
}
//按指定位置显示一个字符
void DisplayOneChar(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y, unsigned char DData)
{
if(Y<1)
Y=1;
if(Y>4)
Y=4;
X &= 0x0F; //限制X不能大于16，Y不能大于1
switch(Y){ //用Y来选着行 X或上 选择列
case 1:X|=0X80;break; //X代表行 1行
case 2:X|=0X90;break; // 2行
case 3:X|=0X88;break; // 3行
case 4:X|=0X98;break; // 4行
}
WriteCommandLCD(X, 0); //这里不检测忙信号，发送地址码
WriteDataLCD(DData);
}
//按指定位置显示一串字符
void DisplayListChar(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y, unsigned char code *DData)
{
unsigned char ListLength,X2;
ListLength = 0;
X2=X;
if(Y<1)
Y=1;
if(Y>4)
Y=4;
X &= 0x0F; //限制X不能大于16，Y在1-4之内
switch(Y){
case 1:X2|=0X80;break; //根据行数来选择相应地址
case 2:X2|=0X90;break;
case 3:X2|=0X88;break;
case 4:X2|=0X98;break;
}
WriteCommandLCD(X2, 1); //发送地址码
while (DData[ListLength]>=0x20) //若到达字串尾则退出
{
if (X <= 0x0F) //X坐标应小于0xF
{
WriteDataLCD(DData[ListLength]); //
ListLength++;
X++;
Delay5Ms();
}
}
}
//图形显示128*64
void DisplayImage (unsigned char code *DData){
unsigned char x,y,i;
unsigned int tmp=0;
// WriteCommandLCD(0x80,1);
for(i=0;i<9;)
{ //分两屏，上半屏和下半屏，因为起始地址不同，需要分开
for(x=0;x<32;x++){ //32行
WriteCommandLCD(0x34,1); //基本扩充指令 绘图指令关
WriteCommandLCD((0x80+x),1);//列地址 Y 垂直地址
WriteCommandLCD((0x80+i),1); // X 行地址，下半屏，即第三行地址0X88
WriteCommandLCD(0x30,1); //设定8位控制界面
for(y=0;y<16;y++)
WriteDataLCD(DData[tmp+y]);//读取数据写入LCD
tmp+=16;
}
i+=8;
}
WriteCommandLCD(0x36,1); //扩充功能设定
WriteCommandLCD(0x30,1);
}
//5ms延时
void Delay5Ms(void)
{
unsigned int TempCyc = 5552;
while(TempCyc--);
}
//400ms延时
void Delay400Ms(void)
{
unsigned char TempCycA = 5;
unsigned int TempCycB;
while(TempCycA--)
{
TempCycB=7269;
while(TempCycB--);
};
}
并行模式的程序较简单，唯一一点难点就是 在写入自定义图案的规定
下面 回到LCD12864的操作说明书
1、图形显示坐标
水平方向X—以字节为单位
垂直方向Y—以位为单位
个人理解：unsigned char 的字节长度为8 一个16进制数写8个小格
//图形显示128*64
下为代码复制
void DisplayImage (unsigned char code *DData){unsigned char x,y,i;
unsigned int tmp=0;
// WriteCommandLCD(0x80,1);
for(i=0;i<9;)
{ //分两屏，上半屏和下半屏，因为起始地址不同，需要分开
for(x=0;x<32;x++){ //32行
WriteCommandLCD(0x34,1); //基本扩充指令 绘图指令关
WriteCommandLCD((0x80+x),1);//列地址 Y
WriteCommandLCD((0x80+i),1); // X 行地址，下半屏，即第三行地址0X88
WriteCommandLCD(0x30,1); //设定8位控制界面
for(y=0;y<16;y++)
WriteDataLCD(DData[tmp+y]);//读取数据写入LCD
tmp+=16;
}
i+=8;
}
WriteCommandLCD(0x36,1); //扩充功能设定
WriteCommandLCD(0x30,1);
}
分析程序：
1按照要求写入的时候把绘图指令关 WriteCommandLCD(0x34,1);
for(i=0;i<9;)
{ //分两屏，上半屏和下半屏，因为起始地址不同，需要分开
for(x=0;x<32;x++){ //32行
WriteCommandLCD(0x34,1); //基本扩充指令 绘图指令关
WriteCommandLCD((0x80+x),1);//列地址Y
WriteCommandLCD((0x80+i),1); // X 行地址，下半屏，即第三行地址0X88
WriteCommandLCD(0x30,1); //设定8位控制界面
for(y=0;y<16;y++)
WriteDataLCD(DData[tmp+y]);//读取数据写入LCD
tmp+=16;
}
i+=8;
}
2 进入第二个for循环 for(x=0;x<32;x++)
先写入的是水平地址，这里WriteCommandLCD((0x80+x),1);//列地址
WriteCommandLCD((0x80+i),1); // 再去写Y坐标方向上的地址
这里的经测试先写入的为列地址（垂直地址），LCD12864分上下两屏幕，上屏幕的地址为0x80，下地址为0x88，
这里先从0X80 第一行的一个坐标，
这时候进入第三个for循环，写数据，一个数据代表8个格子，16个刚好为128格，所以第一行写完。tmp=16
字模数组现在在tmp=16的位置
回到第二个for循环 x=1 Y地址变成0x81，X地址没变。写完第二行
依次类推 x=32时 进行完循环 上半屏幕写完 此时i=8，X坐标变为0x88，开始写下半屏幕。
讲解一下字模取字方式：单色点阵液晶字模，横向取模，字节正序。
1本人的LCD12864是单色的，市场绝大多数LCD12864也是单色的
2横向取模 X方向是以字节为单位 ，写入两个十六进制从数据正好写入了16个小格，为横向写入
3字节正序，由高位到低位为正序
