os: centos 7.4
db: postgresql 10
常见的手动备份
#!/bin/bash
#---------- Global Parameter ---------
PG_DATADIR=/data/data5432/main
PG_WALARCHIVEDIR=/data/backup/pgwalarchive
PG_BACKUPDIR=/data/backup/pgbackup
OSUSER=postgres
PGSQLHOST=127.0.0.1
PGSQLPORT=5432
PGSQLDATABASE=postgres
PGSQLUSER=postgres
SSHPORT=51000
DATE=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
echo "`date` postgresql base backup start..."
su - $OSUSER -c "/usr/bin/psql -c 'select pg_start_backup('$DATE',true);'"
tar --exclude=$PG_DATADIR/postmaster.pid \
--exclude=$PG_DATADIR/pg_wal \
--exclude=$PG_DATADIR/log \
-Pcf - $PG_DATADIR | pigz -p 8 | split --bytes=10G - $PG_BACKUPDIR/${DATE}_base.tgz.
su - $OSUSER -c "/usr/bin/psql -c 'select pg_stop_backup();'"
echo "`date` postgresql base backup end... "
select pg_start_backup();
默认情况下，pg_start_backup 会花费很长时间来完成。这是因为它会执行一个检查点，而检查点所需要的I/O在相当一段时间内将会被传播，默认情况下这段时间是内部检查点间隔的一半（参见配置参数 checkpoint_completion_target）。这通常是你所希望的，因为它能将对查询处理的影响最小化。如果你要尽快开始备份，可使用：
select pg_start_backup('$DATE',true);
pg_start_backup
postgres=# select * from pg_proc where proname like '%start_backup%';
-[ RECORD 1 ]---+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
proname | pg_start_backup
pronamespace | 11
proowner | 10
prolang | 12
procost | 1
prorows | 0
provariadic | 0
protransform | -
proisagg | f
proiswindow | f
prosecdef | f
proleakproof | f
proisstrict | t
proretset | f
provolatile | v
proparallel | r
pronargs | 3
pronargdefaults | 2
prorettype | 3220
proargtypes | 25 16 16
proallargtypes |
proargmodes |
proargnames | {label,fast,exclusive}
proargdefaults | ({CONST :consttype 16 :consttypmod -1 :constcollid 0 :constlen 1 :constbyval true :constisnull false :location 481 :constvalue 1 [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ]} {CONST :consttype 16 :consttypmod -1 :constcollid 0 :constlen 1 :constbyval true :constisnull false :location 514 :constvalue 1 [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ]})
protrftypes |
prosrc | pg_start_backup
probin |
proconfig |
proacl | {postgres=X/postgres}
可以看到该函数的参数 proargnames | {label,fast,exclusive}
label : 备份标签
fast : 快速 checkpoint
exclusive : 排他性
pg_stop_backup
select pg_stop_backup();
postgres=# select * from pg_proc where proname like '%stop_backup%';
-[ RECORD 1 ]---+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
proname | pg_stop_backup
pronamespace | 11
proowner | 10
prolang | 12
procost | 1
prorows | 0
provariadic | 0
protransform | -
proisagg | f
proiswindow | f
prosecdef | f
proleakproof | f
proisstrict | t
proretset | f
provolatile | v
proparallel | r
pronargs | 0
pronargdefaults | 0
prorettype | 3220
proargtypes |
proallargtypes |
proargmodes |
proargnames |
proargdefaults |
protrftypes |
prosrc | pg_stop_backup
probin |
proconfig |
proacl | {postgres=X/postgres}
-[ RECORD 2 ]---+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
proname | pg_stop_backup
pronamespace | 11
proowner | 10
prolang | 12
procost | 1
prorows | 1000
provariadic | 0
protransform | -
proisagg | f
proiswindow | f
prosecdef | f
proleakproof | f
proisstrict | t
proretset | t
provolatile | v
proparallel | r
pronargs | 2
pronargdefaults | 1
prorettype | 2249
proargtypes | 16 16
proallargtypes | {16,16,3220,25,25}
proargmodes | {i,i,o,o,o}
proargnames | {exclusive,wait_for_archive,lsn,labelfile,spcmapfile}
proargdefaults | ({CONST :consttype 16 :consttypmod -1 :constcollid 0 :constlen 1 :constbyval true :constisnull false :locatio
n 104 :constvalue 1 [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ]})
protrftypes |
prosrc | pg_stop_backup_v2
probin |
proconfig |
proacl | {postgres=X/postgres}
参考：
http://postgres.cn/docs/10/continuous-archiving.html#BACKUP-BASE-BACKUP
