title()
作用:将字符串中所有英文单词的首字母大写
eg:
>>> test1 = ' my name is Alex'
>>> print(test1.title())
My Name Is Alex
strip()
作用:删除字符串中开头和结尾的所有特殊符“\n,\r”
eg:
>>> test = "\n \n \n hello honey \n xixi \n nishi \n djaoifa \n"
>>> print(test.strip())
hello honey
xixi
nishi
djaoifa
lower()
作用:将字符串中所有英文单词转换为小写
eg:
>>> test1 = 'my Name iS Alex'
>>> print(test1.lower())
my name is alex
upper()
作用:将字符串中的所有英文单词转换为大写
eg:
>>> test1 = ' My Name iS Alex'
>>> print(test1.upper())
MY NAME IS ALEX
center()
作用:将字符串放在中间左右为指定字符以及数量
eg:
>>> test1 = ' i Name iS Alex'
>>> print(test1.center(40,"-"))
------------ i Name iS Alex------------
ljust()
作用:左对齐,不够的可以使用其他补充
eg:
>>> test1 = ' i Name iS Alex'
>>> test2 = 'dadaddada'
>>> print(test1.ljust(40,"-"))
>>> print(test1.ljust(40))
>>> print(test2.ljust(40,"*"))
i Name iS Alex------------------------
i Name iS Alex
dadaddada*******************************
rjust()
作用:右对齐,不够的可以使用其他补充
eg:
>>> test1 = ' i Name iS Alex'
>>> test2 = 'dadaddada'
>>> print(test1.rjust(40,"-"))
>>> print(test1.rjust(40))
>>> print(test2.rjust(40,"*"))
---------------------------- i Name iS Alex
i Name iS Alex
*******************************dadaddada
count()
作用:统计字符出现的次数
eg:
>>> test1 = 'this is test'
>>> print(test1.count("t"))
>>> print(test1.count("t",0,10))
3
2
encode()
作用:解决解码问题
eg:
>>> test1 = 'this is test'
>>> test2 = '这是一个测试'
>>> print(test1.encode(encoding='utf8',errors='sreict'))
>>> print(test2.encode(encoding='utf8',errors='sreict'))
b'this is test'
b'\xe8\xbf\x99\xe6\x98\xaf\xe4\xb8\x80\xe4\xb8\xaa\xe6\xb5\x8b\xe8\xaf\x95'
decode()
作用:解决字符编码问题
eg:
>>> test1 = 'this is test'
>>> test2 = '这是一个测试'
>>> str1 = test1.encode(encoding='utf8',errors='sreict')
>>> str2 = test2.encode(encoding='utf8',errors='sreict')
>>> print(str1.decode(encoding='utf8',errors='sreict'))
>>> print(str2.decode(encoding='utf8',errors='sreict'))
this is test
这是一个测试
find()
作用:返回找到字符串的索引位置
相反方向查找"rfind()"
eg:
>>> test1 = 'this is test'
>>> print(test1.find("i"))
>>> print(test1.find("i",4))
>>> print(test1.find("0"))
2
5
-1
format()
作用:返回一个格式化字符串
eg:
>>> test1 = '{first} this is {number} test'
>>> print(test1.format(first="teststring",number="python"))
teststring this is python test
endswith()
作用:判断字符串是否以指定字符结尾
eg:
>>> test1 = 'this is test'
>>> print(test1.endswith("python"))
>>> print(test1.endswith("test"))
False
True
startswith()
作用:判断字符串是否以指定字符开头
eg:
>>> test1 = 'this is test'
>>> print(test1.startswith("python"))
>>> print(test1.startswith("this"))
False
True
isalnum()
作用:判断字符串是否以数字和字母组成
eg:
>>> test1 = 'thisistest123123'
>>> test2 = 'this is test 123 #$#$#$'
>>> print(test1.isalnum())
>>> print(test2.isalnum())
True
False
isalpha()
作用:检测字符串是否只由字母组成
eg:
>>> test1 = 'thisistest123123'
>>> test2 = 'thisistest'
>>> print(test1.isalpha())
>>> print(test2.isalpha())
False
True
isdigit()
作用:检测字符串是否只由数字组成
eg:
>>> test1 = 'thisistest123123'
>>> test2 = '123412312341'
>>> print(test1.isdigit())
>>> print(test2.isdigit())
False
True
islower()
作用:是否字母全是小写
eg:
>>> test1 = 'thisistest'
>>> test2 = 'Tasdasd123'
>>> print(test1.islower())
>>> print(test2.islower())
True
False
isupper()
作用:是否字母全是大写
eg:
>>> test1 = 'thisistest'
>>> test2 = 'THISAHHA123'
>>> print(test1.isupper())
>>> print(test2.isupper())
False
True
ispace()
作用:检测是否只由空格构成
eg:
>>> test1 = ' '
>>> test2 = 'THISAHHA123'
>>> print(test1.isspace())
>>> print(test2.isspace())
True
False
partition()
作用:以指定字符进行分割,返回一个元组
从右往左“rpartition()”
eg:
>>> str = "https://www.baidu.com/"
>>> print(str.rpartition("://"))
>>> print(str.rpartition(",")) #字符串str中不存在sep",",返回了两个空字符串
('https', '://', 'www.baidu.com/')
('', '', 'https://www.baidu.com/')
split()
作用:以指定字符作为拆分符对字符串进行拆分返回一个列表
相反“rsplit()”
eg:
>>> str1 = "https://www.baidu.com/"
>>> str2 = "i do not love python"
>>> print(str1.split("."))
>>> print(str2.split()) #默认不写即为空格
['https://www', 'baidu', 'com/']
['i', 'do', 'not', 'love', 'python']
splitlines()
作用:以\n和\r做为分割符对字符串进行分割,“True”参数会显示符号
eg:
>>> str1 = """i
love
python
"""
>>> print(str1.splitlines())
>>> print(str1.splitlines(True))
['i', 'love', 'python']
['i\n', 'love\n', 'python\n']
join()
作用:将字符串作为中数输入到列表中的每一个元素与元素之间,形成新的一串字符串
>>> list1 = ["abc","123","test","aadadad"]
>>> str1 = "*python*"
>>> print(str1.join(list1))
abc*python*123*python*test*python*aadadad
replace()
作用:将字符串中的指定字符替换成新的字符
>>> str1 = "my my happ adasdmy test"
>>> print(str1.replace("my","#python#"))
>>> print(str1.replace("my","#python#",1)) #可以指定替换次数
#python# #python# happ adasd#python# test
#python# my happ adasdmy test