python 获取 Linux 的 IP 信息(通过 ifconfig 命令)

我们可以使用 python 代码通过调用 ifconfig 命令来获取 Linux 主机的 IP 相关信息，包括：网卡名称、MAC地址、IP地址等。

第一种实现方式：

 1 #!/usr/bin/python
 2 #encoding: utf-8
 3 
 4 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
 5 
 6 def getIfconfig():
 7     p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout = PIPE)
 8     data = p.stdout.read().split('\n\n')
 9     return [i for i in data if i and not i.startswith('lo')]
10 
11 def parseIfconfig(data):
12     dic = {}
13     for devs in data:
14         lines = devs.split('\n')
15         devname = lines[0].split()[0]
16         macaddr = lines[0].split()[-1]
17         ipaddr  = lines[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]
18         dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]
19     return dic
20         
21 
22 if __name__ == '__main__':
23     data = getIfconfig()
24     print parseIfconfig(data)

第二种实现方式：

 1 #!/usr/bin/python
 2 #encoding: utf-8
 3 
 4 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
 5 
 6 def getIP():
 7     p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout = PIPE, stderr = PIPE)
 8     stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
 9     data = [i for i in stdout.split('\n') if i]
10     return data
11 
12 def genIP(data):
13     new_line = ''
14     lines = []
15     for line in data:
16         if line[0].strip():
17             lines.append(new_line)
18             new_line = line + '\n'
19         else:
20             new_line += line + '\n'
21     lines.append(new_line)
22     return [i for i in lines if i and not i.startswith('lo')]
23 
24 def parseIP(data):
25     dic = {}
26     for devs in data:
27         lines = devs.split('\n')
28         devname = lines[0].split()[0]
29         macaddr = lines[0].split()[-1]
30         ipaddr  = lines[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]
31         dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]
32     return dic
33 
34 if __name__ == '__main__':
35     data = getIP()
36     nics = genIP(data)
37     print parseIP(nics)