①Zuul是什么。
zuul路由网关。
Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能:
其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上,是实现外部访问统一入口的基础而过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预,是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础.Zuul和Eureka进行整合,将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用,同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息,也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。
注意:Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka
提供=代理+路由+过滤三大功能。
Zuul能干什么?路由和过滤。
官网资料:https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started
②Zuul路由基本配置。
第一步:新建Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527
第二步:Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527的pom文件修改。
Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527的pom文件修改的内容是:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527的pom文件完整的内容是:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.lss.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- zuul路由网关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator监控 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- hystrix容错 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 日常标配 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 热部署插件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
第三步:Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527的yml文件修改。
Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527的yml文件完整内容是:
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka,http://localhost:7002/eureka,http://localhost:7003/eureka
instance:
instance-id: gateway-9527.com
prefer-ip-address: true
info:
app.name: lss-microcloud
company.name: www.lss.com
build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
build.version: $project.version$
第四步: hosts修改。
看上图,中间只能留有一个空格。两个或者多个空格则会出错。
第五步:创建主启动类Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp。
主启动类Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.java的完整内容是:
package com.lss.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
}
}
第六步:启动。
三个eureka,一个服务提供类microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001,一个路由。
第七步:测试
不用路由:http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2
用路由:http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2
microservicecloud-dept是eureka注册中心里面的一个微服务。
③Zuul路由访问映射规则。不暴露真正的注册进eureka的微服务名称。
在microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527子工程上做出改变。
第一步:对microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527子工程上的yml文件进行修改。
zuul:
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
before
http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2
after
http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1
microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527子工程上的yml文件完整内容是:
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka,http://localhost:7002/eureka,http://localhost:7003/eureka
instance:
instance-id: gateway-9527.com
prefer-ip-address: true
info:
app.name: lss-microcloud
company.name: www.lss.com
build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
build.version: $project.version$
zuul:
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
第二步:但是目前有一个问题:新路径访问ok,原路径访问也ok
http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2
http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1
两条路径都OK则不安全。需要将原路径访问拒绝。
原真实服务名忽略
对microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527子工程上的yml文件进行修改。
zuul:
ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527子工程上的yml文件完整内容是:
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka,http://localhost:7002/eureka,http://localhost:7003/eureka
instance:
instance-id: gateway-9527.com
prefer-ip-address: true
info:
app.name: lss-microcloud
company.name: www.lss.com
build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
build.version: $project.version$
zuul:
ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
单个的微服务名称具体写是哪一个,多个的微服务名称需要忽略可以用"*"星号,如下所示:
zuul:
ignored-services: "*"
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
第三步:设置统一公共前缀。
对microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527子工程上的yml文件进行修改。
zuul:
prefix: /lss
ignored-services: "*"
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527子工程上的yml文件完整内容是:
server:
port: 9527
spring:
application:
name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka,http://localhost:7002/eureka,http://localhost:7003/eureka
instance:
instance-id: gateway-9527.com
prefer-ip-address: true
info:
app.name: lss-microcloud
company.name: www.lss.com
build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
build.version: $project.version$
zuul:
prefix: /lss
ignored-services: "*"
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
mydept.path: /mydept/**
测试:启动eureka,启动provider,启动zuul
http://myzuul.com:9527/lss/mydept/dept/get/1
且原始路径也不能访问了。