如何搭建Redis群集？

前言

一：环境

1.1：环境

• VMware软件
• Redis官网建议使用6台服务器搭建群集，3台master，3台slave
• 我们用两台服务器模拟6台服务器，剩下的服务器添加网卡模拟
• 主服务器master1：IP地址：192.168.79.133
• 主服务器master2：IP地址：192.168.79.129
• 主服务器master3：IP地址：192.168.79.130
• 从服务器slave1：IP地址：192.168.79.134
• 从服务器slave2：IP地址：192.168.79.131
• 从服务器slave3：IP地址：192.168.79.132
• Redis主服务器需要安装rvm和Ruby控制集群软件

1.2：实验目的

• 通过实验实现以下目标
• 部署Redis服务
• 构建Redis群集
• 验证Redis群集功能

二：实验过程

2.1：主从服务器部署Redis

• '//主从服务器的部署都是一样的，在此仅展示主服务器的部署'
  [root@master1 ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ make -y	'//安装环境组件编译器'
  [root@master1 ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.23.1/ccc /mnt	'//挂载宿主机目录'
  
  Password for root@//192.168.23.1/ccc:  
  [root@master1 ~]# cd /mnt/redis/
  [root@master1 redis]# tar zxvf redis-5.0.7.tar.gz -C /opt	'//redis源码包可以直接到官网下载'
  [root@master1 redis]# cd /opt/redis-5.0.7/
  [root@master1 redis-5.0.7]# make	'//直接进行make'
  [root@master1 redis-5.0.7]# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis/ install	'//指定redis目录并安装'
  [root@master1 redis-5.0.7]# cd utils/'//回到redis源码包解压目录'
  [root@master1 utils]# ./install_server.sh 	'//执行脚本进行配置'
  Welcome to the redis service installer
  This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
  
  Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 	'//选择redis默认接口，直接回车'
  Selecting default: 6379
  Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] 	'//选择redis默认配置文件名称，直接回车'
  Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
  Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] 	'//选择默认redis日志文件名称，直接回车'
  Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
  Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] 	'//选择默认接口的默认数据文件，直接回车'
  Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
  Please select the redis executable path [] /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server	'//选择redis可执行文件路径，需要手动输入此路径：/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server'
  Selected config:	'//选择的配置清单展示'
  Port           : 6379
  Config file    : /etc/redis/6379.conf
  Log file       : /var/log/redis_6379.log
  Data dir       : /var/lib/redis/6379
  Executable     : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
  Cli Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
  Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.	'//直接回车完成配置'
  Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
  Installing service...
  Successfully added to chkconfig!
  Successfully added to runlevels 345!
  Starting Redis server...
  Installation successful!
  [root@master1 utils]# ln -s /usr/local/redis/bin/* /usr/local/bin	'//将redis命令创建软连接，便于系统识别'
  [root@master1 utils]# netstat -ntap |grep 6379
  tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6379          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN 
  

2.2：主从服务器配置文件修改

• [root@master1 utils]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf 	'//修改主配置文件'
  #bind 127.0.0.1	'//注释第70行的监听127地址,表示监听所有地址'
  protected-mode no	'//去掉第89行注释关闭安全保护'
  port 6379	'//去掉第93行注释,开启端口6379'
  daemonize yes	'//去掉第137行注释,以独立进程启动'
  cluster-enabled yes	'//去掉第833行注释,开启群集功能'
  cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf	'//去掉第841行注释,群集名称文件设置'
  cluster-node-timeout 15000	'//去掉第847行注释,群集超时时间设置'
  appendonly yes	'//去掉第700行注释,开启aof持久化'
  [root@master1 utils]# cd /var/lib/redis/6379/
  [root@master1 6379]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 restart	'//重启redis服务'
  [root@master1 6379]# ls
  appendonly.aof  dump.rdb  nodes-6379.conf	'//生成了三个文件，appendonly.aof是AOF持久化文件，dump.rdb是RDB快照文件，nodes-6379.conf是节点首次启动生成的配置文件'
  

2.3：主服务器安装rvm，RUBY控制集群软件

• [root@master1 6379]# gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3	'//导入key文件，若出现error，重新导入一次即可'
  [root@master1 6379]# curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable	'//安装rvm'
  [root@master1 rvm-1.29.9]# cd /mnt/redis/
  [root@master1 redis]# tar zxvf rvm-master.tar.gz -C /opt
  [root@master1 redis]# cd /opt/rvm-master/
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# ./install
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh	'//执行环境变量'
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# rvm list known	'//列出ruby可以安装的版本'
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# rvm install 2.4.1	'//安装ruby2.4.1版本，安装版本的事件会比较长'
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# ruby -v '//查看当前ruby版本'
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# gem install redis '//再次安装redis'
  

2.4：主从服务器各自添加两块网卡

• 

• [root@master1 rvm-master]# systemctl restart network	'//重启网卡'
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 	'//关闭防火墙'
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# setenforce 0
  

• 

• [root@slave1 6379]# systemctl restart network
  [root@slave1 6379]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 
  [root@slave1 6379]# setenforce 0
  

2.5：主服务器上创建群集

• [root@master1 rvm-master]# redis-cli --cluster create 192.168.79.133:6379 192.168.79.129:6379 192.168.79.130:6379 192.168.79.134:6379 192.168.79.131:6379 192.168.79.132:6379 --cluster-replicas 1
  '//反馈的信息输入yes回车即可，以下为反馈信息'
  >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
  Master[0] -> Slots 0 - 5460
  Master[1] -> Slots 5461 - 10922
  Master[2] -> Slots 10923 - 16383
  Adding replica 192.168.79.131:6379 to 192.168.79.133:6379	
  Adding replica 192.168.79.132:6379 to 192.168.79.129:6379	
  Adding replica 192.168.79.134:6379 to 192.168.79.130:6379	
  M: dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d 192.168.79.133:6379	'//133,129,130位主'
     slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master
  M: dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d 192.168.79.129:6379
     slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master
  M: dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d 192.168.79.130:6379
     slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master
  S: f3a25427b5b2bd0af5b194d0d90c87882a09e4cd 192.168.79.134:6379	'//134,131,132为从'
     replicates dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d
  S: f3a25427b5b2bd0af5b194d0d90c87882a09e4cd 192.168.79.131:6379
     replicates dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d
  S: f3a25427b5b2bd0af5b194d0d90c87882a09e4cd 192.168.79.132:6379
     replicates dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d
  Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
  >>> Nodes configuration updated
  >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
  >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
  Waiting for the cluster to join
  
  >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.79.133:6379)
  M: dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d 192.168.79.133:6379
     slots:[0-16383] (16384 slots) master
     1 additional replica(s)
  S: f3a25427b5b2bd0af5b194d0d90c87882a09e4cd 192.168.79.131:6379
     slots: (0 slots) slave
     replicates dacbafd23b78accca1ecb7a37a926dd7c711af0d
  [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
  >>> Check for open slots...
  >>> Check slots coverage...
  [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
  '//一主一从的绑定关系是随机的'
  

2.6：集群验证

• 主从数据验证

• [root@master1 rvm-master]# redis-cli -h 192.168.79.133 -p 6379	'//登陆到133服务器数据库'
  192.168.79.133:6379> keys *
  (empty list or set)
  192.168.79.133:6379> set user lisi	'//创建一个键值'
  OK
  192.168.79.133:6379> keys *	'//查看所有键'
  1) "user"
  192.168.79.133:6379> get user	'//查看user键的值'
  "lisi"
  192.168.79.133:6379> exit	'//退出'
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# redis-cli -h 192.168.79.131 -p 6379	'//登陆到131服务器数据库'
  192.168.79.131:6379> keys *
  1) "user"
  192.168.79.131:6379> get user	'//查看user键的值'
  (error) MOVED 5474 192.168.79.129:6379	'//提示移动到129节点上'
  192.168.79.131:6379> exit
  [root@master1 rvm-master]# redis-cli -h 192.168.79.129 -p 6379	'//登陆到129服务器的数据库'
  192.168.79.129:6379> keys *
  1) "user"
  192.168.79.129:6379> get user
  "lisi"
  192.168.79.129:6379> exit
  
  

• hash方式存储的值验证与设置键的自动删除时间

• [root@master1 rvm-master]# redis-cli -h 192.168.79.133 -p 6379
  192.168.79.133:6379> hset person name zhangsan	'//使用hash方式创建键值对'
  (integer) 1
  192.168.79.133:6379> keys *
  1) "person"
  2) "user"
  192.168.79.133:6379> hget person name
  "zhangsan"
  192.168.79.133:6379> expire user 10	'//设置user键的自动删除时间10秒'
  (integer) 1
  '//等待10秒'
  192.168.79.133:6379> keys *
  1) "person"	'//成功自动删除'
  192.168.79.133:6379> exit
  [root@master1 rvm-master]#