1.帮助指令：sh.help()，查看有哪些指令及其含义和使用方法。
mongos> sh.help()
sh.addShard( host ) server:port OR setname/server:port
sh.enableSharding(dbname) enables sharding on the database dbname
sh.shardCollection(fullName,key,unique) shards the collection
sh.splitFind(fullName,find) splits the chunk that find is in at the median
sh.splitAt(fullName,middle) splits the chunk that middle is in at middle
sh.moveChunk(fullName,find,to) move the chunk where 'find' is to 'to' (name of shard)
sh.setBalancerState( <bool on or not> ) turns the balancer on or off true=on, false=off
sh.getBalancerState() return true if enabled
sh.isBalancerRunning() return true if the balancer has work in progress on any mongos
sh.disableBalancing(db.coll) disable balancing on one collection
sh.enableBalancing(db.coll) re-enable balancing on one collection
sh.addShardTag(shard,tag) adds the tag to the shard
sh.removeShardTag(shard,tag) removes the tag from the shard
sh.addTagRange(fullName,min,max,tag) tags the specified range of the given collection
sh.removeTagRange(fullName,min,max,tag) removes the tagged range of the given collection
sh.status() prints a general overview of the cluster
sh.addShard( host ) server:port OR setname/server:port
sh.enableSharding(dbname) enables sharding on the database dbname
sh.shardCollection(fullName,key,unique) shards the collection
sh.splitFind(fullName,find) splits the chunk that find is in at the median
sh.splitAt(fullName,middle) splits the chunk that middle is in at middle
sh.moveChunk(fullName,find,to) move the chunk where 'find' is to 'to' (name of shard)
sh.setBalancerState( <bool on or not> ) turns the balancer on or off true=on, false=off
sh.getBalancerState() return true if enabled
sh.isBalancerRunning() return true if the balancer has work in progress on any mongos
sh.disableBalancing(db.coll) disable balancing on one collection
sh.enableBalancing(db.coll) re-enable balancing on one collection
sh.addShardTag(shard,tag) adds the tag to the shard
sh.removeShardTag(shard,tag) removes the tag from the shard
sh.addTagRange(fullName,min,max,tag) tags the specified range of the given collection
sh.removeTagRange(fullName,min,max,tag) removes the tagged range of the given collection
sh.status() prints a general overview of the cluster
或者直接运行help查看系统指令：
mongos> help
db.help() help on db methods
db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods
sh.help() sharding helpers
rs.help() replica set helpers
help admin administrative help
help connect connecting to a db help
help keys key shortcuts
help misc misc things to know
help mr mapreduce
show dbs show database names
show collections show collections in current database
show users show users in current database
show profile show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms
show logs show the accessible logger names
show log [name] prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default
use <db_name> set current database
db.foo.find() list objects in collection foo
db.foo.find( { a : 1 } ) list objects in foo where a == 1
it result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate
DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x set default number of items to display on shell
exit quit the mongo shell
show collections show collections in current database
show users show users in current database
show profile show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms
show logs show the accessible logger names
show log [name] prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default
use <db_name> set current database
db.foo.find() list objects in collection foo
db.foo.find( { a : 1 } ) list objects in foo where a == 1
it result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate
DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x set default number of items to display on shell
exit quit the mongo shell
2.sh.status() ：查看分片的状态信息：
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("55cd8969e940b6d9c82cd178")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard0000", "host" : "219.219.220.180:27017" }
{ "_id" : "shard0001", "host" : "219.219.220.248:27017" }
{ "_id" : "shard0002", "host" : "219.219.220.131:27017" }
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
{ "_id" : "xubo", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "shard0002" }
xubo.resume_meta_data
shard key: { "_id" : "hashed" }
chunks:
shard0000 2
shard0001 2
shard0002 2
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("-6148914691236517204") } on : shard0002 Timestamp(3, 2)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("-6148914691236517204") } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") } on : shard0002 Timestamp(3, 3)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong(0) } on : shard0000 Timestamp(3, 4)
{ "_id" : NumberLong(0) } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") } on : shard0000 Timestamp(3, 5)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("6148914691236517204") } on : shard0001 Timestamp(3, 6)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("6148914691236517204") } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard0001 Timestamp(3, 7)
{ "_id" : "test", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0002" }
{ "_id" : "ustc", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0000" }
{ "_id" : "test2", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0001" }
{ "_id" : "test1", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0001" }
{ "_id" : "testdb", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0001" }
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("55cd8969e940b6d9c82cd178")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard0000", "host" : "219.219.220.180:27017" }
{ "_id" : "shard0001", "host" : "219.219.220.248:27017" }
{ "_id" : "shard0002", "host" : "219.219.220.131:27017" }
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
{ "_id" : "xubo", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "shard0002" }
xubo.resume_meta_data
shard key: { "_id" : "hashed" }
chunks:
shard0000 2
shard0001 2
shard0002 2
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("-6148914691236517204") } on : shard0002 Timestamp(3, 2)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("-6148914691236517204") } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") } on : shard0002 Timestamp(3, 3)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong(0) } on : shard0000 Timestamp(3, 4)
{ "_id" : NumberLong(0) } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") } on : shard0000 Timestamp(3, 5)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("6148914691236517204") } on : shard0001 Timestamp(3, 6)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("6148914691236517204") } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard0001 Timestamp(3, 7)
{ "_id" : "test", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0002" }
{ "_id" : "ustc", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0000" }
{ "_id" : "test2", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0001" }
{ "_id" : "test1", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0001" }
{ "_id" : "testdb", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0001" }
显示有shard0000，shard0001，shard0002三个分片。admin，xubo等五个数据库，_id后面为数据库名；partitioned表示是否分区，true为是；primary表示数据库的主分区，所有的数据都会位于主分区上，MongoDB目前还不能主动将数据分发到不同的分片上，因为它不知道你希望如何分发数据（参考【1】,P236）。自己测试了插入333821557个文档，大小大概为58G，经查询所有数据都在主分区，其他分区基本没有数据。
3.db.stats()： 查看数据库信息，辅助分片数据库信息查询。
switched to db xubo
mongos> db.stats()
{
"raw" : {
"ip_node1:27017" : {
"db" : "xubo",
"collections" : 3,
"objects" : 8,
"avgObjSize" : 88,
"dataSize" : 704,
"storageSize" : 20480,
"numExtents" : 3,
"indexes" : 3,
"indexSize" : 24528,
"fileSize" : 67108864,
"nsSizeMB" : 16,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"dataFileVersion" : {
"major" : 4,
"minor" : 22
},
"ok" : 1
},
"ip_node2:27017" : {
"db" : "xubo",
"collections" : 3,
"objects" : 8,
"avgObjSize" : 88,
"dataSize" : 704,
"storageSize" : 20480,
"numExtents" : 3,
"indexes" : 3,
"indexSize" : 24528,
"fileSize" : 67108864,
"nsSizeMB" : 16,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"dataFileVersion" : {
"major" : 4,
"minor" : 22
},
"ok" : 1
},
"ip_node3:27017" : {
"db" : "xubo",
"collections" : 4,
"objects" : 333821541,
"avgObjSize" : 111.99999904140398,
"dataSize" : 37388012272,
"storageSize" : 43648786160,
"numExtents" : 44,
"indexes" : 4,
"indexSize" : 10831008832,
"fileSize" : 57887686656,
"nsSizeMB" : 16,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"dataFileVersion" : {
"major" : 4,
"minor" : 22
},
"ok" : 1
}
},
"objects" : 333821557,
"avgObjSize" : 110.99999889761463,
"dataSize" : 37388013680,
"storageSize" : 43648827120,
"numExtents" : 50,
"indexes" : 10,
"indexSize" : 10831057888,
"fileSize" : 58021904384,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"ok" : 1
}
switched to db xubo
mongos> db.stats()
{
"raw" : {
"ip_node1:27017" : {
"db" : "xubo",
"collections" : 3,
"objects" : 8,
"avgObjSize" : 88,
"dataSize" : 704,
"storageSize" : 20480,
"numExtents" : 3,
"indexes" : 3,
"indexSize" : 24528,
"fileSize" : 67108864,
"nsSizeMB" : 16,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"dataFileVersion" : {
"major" : 4,
"minor" : 22
},
"ok" : 1
},
"ip_node2:27017" : {
"db" : "xubo",
"collections" : 3,
"objects" : 8,
"avgObjSize" : 88,
"dataSize" : 704,
"storageSize" : 20480,
"numExtents" : 3,
"indexes" : 3,
"indexSize" : 24528,
"fileSize" : 67108864,
"nsSizeMB" : 16,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"dataFileVersion" : {
"major" : 4,
"minor" : 22
},
"ok" : 1
},
"ip_node3:27017" : {
"db" : "xubo",
"collections" : 4,
"objects" : 333821541,
"avgObjSize" : 111.99999904140398,
"dataSize" : 37388012272,
"storageSize" : 43648786160,
"numExtents" : 44,
"indexes" : 4,
"indexSize" : 10831008832,
"fileSize" : 57887686656,
"nsSizeMB" : 16,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"dataFileVersion" : {
"major" : 4,
"minor" : 22
},
"ok" : 1
}
},
"objects" : 333821557,
"avgObjSize" : 110.99999889761463,
"dataSize" : 37388013680,
"storageSize" : 43648827120,
"numExtents" : 50,
"indexes" : 10,
"indexSize" : 10831057888,
"fileSize" : 58021904384,
"extentFreeList" : {
"num" : 0,
"totalSize" : 0
},
"ok" : 1
}
ip_node1-3是具体的ip地址，这个因设置而不同。上面现实了xubo数据库三个不同分片上的信息，数据基本都在主分区。"objects" : 333821541,
4.数据库分区：
4.数据库分区：
mongos> sh.enableSharding("testdb")
{ "ok" : 1 }
{ "ok" : 1 }
通过sh.status()查看显示testdb已经分片：
{ "_id" : "testdb", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "shard0001" }
5.对表建立索引db.table2.ensureIndex({"id":1})
mongos> db.table2.ensureIndex({"id":1})
{
"raw" : {
"ip_node1:27017" : {
"createdCollectionAutomatically" : true,
"numIndexesBefore" : 1,
"numIndexesAfter" : 2,
"ok" : 1
}
},
"ok" : 1
}
6.对表建立分片：sh.shardCollection("testdb.table2",{"id":1})
mongos> sh.shardCollection("testdb.table2",{"id":1})
{ "collectionsharded" : "testdb.table2", "ok" : 1 }
查看分片情况：
{ "_id" : "testdb", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "shard0001" }
testdb.table1
shard key: { "id" : 1 }
chunks:
shard0000 1
shard0001 1
shard0002 1
{ "id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "id" : 1 } on : shard0000 Timestamp(2, 0)
{ "id" : 1 } -->> { "id" : 9 } on : shard0002 Timestamp(3, 0)
{ "id" : 9 } -->> { "id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard0001 Timestamp(3, 1)
testdb.table2
shard key: { "id" : 1 }
chunks:
shard0001 1
{ "id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard0001 Timestamp(1, 0)
testdb.users
shard key: { "username" : 1 }
chunks:
shard0000 1
shard0001 1
shard0002 1
{ "username" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "username" : 2 } on : shard0000 Timestamp(2, 0)
{ "username" : 2 } -->> { "username" : 10 } on : shard0002 Timestamp(3, 0)
{ "username" : 10 } -->> { "username" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard0001 Timestamp(3, 1)
显示已经分片
7.查看某个表的状态信息：db.table2.stats()mongos> db.table2.stats()
{
"sharded" : true,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 111111,
"numExtents" : 9,
"size" : 12444432,
"storageSize" : 22523904,
"totalIndexSize" : 7064064,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 3638320,
"id_1" : 3425744
},
"avgObjSize" : 112,
"nindexes" : 2,
"nchunks" : 3,
"shards" : {
"shard0000" : {
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 0,
"size" : 0,
"numExtents" : 1,
"storageSize" : 8192,
"lastExtentSize" : 8192,
"paddingFactor" : 1,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"nindexes" : 2,
"totalIndexSize" : 16352,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 8176,
"id_1" : 8176
},
"ok" : 1
},
"shard0001" : {
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 111070,
"size" : 12439840,
"avgObjSize" : 112,
"numExtents" : 7,
"storageSize" : 22507520,
"lastExtentSize" : 11325440,
"paddingFactor" : 1,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"nindexes" : 2,
"totalIndexSize" : 7031360,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 3621968,
"id_1" : 3409392
},
"ok" : 1
},
"shard0002" : {
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 41,
"size" : 4592,
"avgObjSize" : 112,
"numExtents" : 1,
"storageSize" : 8192,
"lastExtentSize" : 8192,
"paddingFactor" : 1,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"nindexes" : 2,
"totalIndexSize" : 16352,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 8176,
"id_1" : 8176
},
"ok" : 1
}
},
"ok" : 1
}
8.查看块大小：
mongos> use config
{
"sharded" : true,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 111111,
"numExtents" : 9,
"size" : 12444432,
"storageSize" : 22523904,
"totalIndexSize" : 7064064,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 3638320,
"id_1" : 3425744
},
"avgObjSize" : 112,
"nindexes" : 2,
"nchunks" : 3,
"shards" : {
"shard0000" : {
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 0,
"size" : 0,
"numExtents" : 1,
"storageSize" : 8192,
"lastExtentSize" : 8192,
"paddingFactor" : 1,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"nindexes" : 2,
"totalIndexSize" : 16352,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 8176,
"id_1" : 8176
},
"ok" : 1
},
"shard0001" : {
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 111070,
"size" : 12439840,
"avgObjSize" : 112,
"numExtents" : 7,
"storageSize" : 22507520,
"lastExtentSize" : 11325440,
"paddingFactor" : 1,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"nindexes" : 2,
"totalIndexSize" : 7031360,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 3621968,
"id_1" : 3409392
},
"ok" : 1
},
"shard0002" : {
"ns" : "testdb.table2",
"count" : 41,
"size" : 4592,
"avgObjSize" : 112,
"numExtents" : 1,
"storageSize" : 8192,
"lastExtentSize" : 8192,
"paddingFactor" : 1,
"paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.",
"userFlags" : 1,
"capped" : false,
"nindexes" : 2,
"totalIndexSize" : 16352,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 8176,
"id_1" : 8176
},
"ok" : 1
}
},
"ok" : 1
}
8.查看块大小：
mongos> use config
switched to db config
mongos> db.settings.find()
{ "_id" : "chunksize", "value" : 100 }
查看有哪些块：
mongos> use config
switched to db config
mongos> db.chunks.find()
{ "_id" : "xubo.resume_meta_data-_id_MinKey", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 2), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55cd8aa4e940b6d9c82cd1bf"), "ns" : "xubo.resume_meta_data", "min" : { "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } }, "max" : { "_id" : NumberLong("-6148914691236517204") }, "shard" : "shard0002" }
{ "_id" : "xubo.resume_meta_data-_id_-3074457345618258602", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 4), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55cd8aa4e940b6d9c82cd1bf"), "ns" : "xubo.resume_meta_data", "min" : { "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") }, "max" : { "_id" : NumberLong(0) }, "shard" : "shard0000" }
{ "_id" : "xubo.resume_meta_data-_id_3074457345618258602", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 6), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55cd8aa4e940b6d9c82cd1bf"), "ns" : "xubo.resume_meta_data", "min" : { "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") }, "max" : { "_id" : NumberLong("6148914691236517204") }, "shard" : "shard0001" }
{ "_id" : "xubo.resume_meta_data-_id_-6148914691236517204", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 3), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55cd8aa4e940b6d9c82cd1bf"), "ns" : "xubo.resume_meta_data", "min" : { "_id" : NumberLong("-6148914691236517204") }, "max" : { "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") }, "shard" : "shard0002" }
{ "_id" : "xubo.resume_meta_data-_id_0", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 5), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55cd8aa4e940b6d9c82cd1bf"), "ns" : "xubo.resume_meta_data", "min" : { "_id" : NumberLong(0) }, "max" : { "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") }, "shard" : "shard0000" }
{ "_id" : "xubo.resume_meta_data-_id_6148914691236517204", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 7), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55cd8aa4e940b6d9c82cd1bf"), "ns" : "xubo.resume_meta_data", "min" : { "_id" : NumberLong("6148914691236517204") }, "max" : { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } }, "shard" : "shard0001" }
{ "_id" : "testdb.users-username_MinKey", "lastmod" : Timestamp(2, 0), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55d444f3a2c399eae2842423"), "ns" : "testdb.users", "min" : { "username" : { "$minKey" : 1 } }, "max" : { "username" : 2 }, "shard" : "shard0000" }
{ "_id" : "testdb.users-username_2.0", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 0), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55d444f3a2c399eae2842423"), "ns" : "testdb.users", "min" : { "username" : 2 }, "max" : { "username" : 10 }, "shard" : "shard0002" }
{ "_id" : "testdb.users-username_10.0", "lastmod" : Timestamp(3, 1), "lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("55d444f3a2c399eae2842423"), "ns" : "testdb.users", "min" : { "username" : 10 }, "max" : { "username" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } }, "shard" : "shard0001" }
{ "_id" : "testdb.table1-id_MinKey", "lastm
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xubo245/article/details/47782557