spring 深入学习之Bean装配--代码测试

环境

要用代码测试，首先要把环境弄好
首先新建一个maven工程，这个不用说吧

带入需要的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>cn.zzs.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springtest</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springtest Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>


  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    <!-- 用来设置版本号 -->
    <!-- spring版本号 -->
    <spring.version>5.1.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>


  <!-- 用到的jar包 -->
  <dependencies>
    <!-- 单元测试 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <!-- 表示开发的时候引入，发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring框架包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

  <build>
    <finalName>PersonnelSSM</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
          <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>9.4.14.v20181114</version>
          <configuration>
            <!-- <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds> -->
            <httpConnector>
              <port>8080</port>
            </httpConnector>
            <webApp>
              <contextPath>/</contextPath>
            </webApp>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

然后新建一个目录，把我的目录贴出来吧！

嗯！现在基本工程开始完成了。因为要用代码测试，所以下面我都会采用Java代码装配。

新建一个接口类

package cn.entity;

public interface IBase {
    void play();
}

建一个员工类

public class staff implements IBase {
    private String  name = "小王";

    @Override
    public void play(){
        System.out.println("name:"+name);
    }
}

下面是重点了

建一个配置类

public class staffConfig {

}

手动装配

没有任何东西，要怎么配置呢！，如果你有简单的理解一个spring，你就有一种简单的感觉
先试试手动添加bean

public class staffConfig {
    @Bean
    public IBase setStaff(){return new staff();}
}

没错，就这么简单。去测试一下就知道可不可以了。

在测试包建一个测试类
SpringJUnit4ClassRunner，以便在测试开始的时候自动创建Spring的应用上下文。注 解@ContextConfiguration会告诉它需要在CDPlayerConfig中加载配置。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = staffConfig.class)  //导入配置
public class staffTest {


    @Autowired
    private IBase staff;


    @Test
    public void staffTest(){
        staff.play();
    }

}

测试，看见控制台输出没报错就行了。如以上没错bean装的实现差不多就是这个。单着这样确实很麻烦，所以spring还可以通过自动装配。

自动装配

在实体添加注解
@Component这个简单 的注解表明该类会作为组件类，并告知Spring要为这个类创建bean

@Component
public class staff implements IBase {
    private String  name = "小王";

    @Override
    public void play(){
        System.out.println("name:"+name);
    }
}

在config中添加注解 @ComponentScan 这个注解就是开启自动扫描，装配bean

@ComponentScan
public class staffConfig {}

依旧正确输出