STM32单片机利用软件定时器实现分时多任务（使用HAL库编写）

概述

      很多时候，应用场景，是需要分时处理各个事件。本文章就编写点亮LED与打印输出的示例来讲解使用方法。在这直接进入正题。（在此不做创建项目的步骤介绍）

1、STM32CubeIDE 配置

1. LED管脚配置
   
   
2. 串口1配置（也就是debug串口）
   
   

2、代码

1. usart.c文件

   /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
   #include "stdio.h"
   
   /* USER CODE END 0 */
   .
   .
   .
   
   /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
   #ifdef __GNUC__
   
   #define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
   
   PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
   {
     // 注意下面第一个参数是&huart1，因为cubemx配置了串口1自动生成的
     HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t*)&ch, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
     return ch;
   }
   #endif
   /* USER CODE END 1 */

2. 创建software_Time.c文件

   /*
    * software_Time.c
    *
    *  Created on: 2020年4月10日
    *      Author: champion
    */
   #include "stm32l0xx.h"
   #include "software_Time.h"
   
   void SetTime(TIME_TYPE_ST *TimeType,uint32_t TimeInter)
   {
       TimeType->TimeStart = HAL_GetTick();//获取起始时间
       TimeType->TimeInter = TimeInter;//获取间隔时间
   }
   
   uint32_t CompareTime(TIME_TYPE_ST *TimeType)//每隔1毫秒，计数器就会增加1
   {
       return ((HAL_GetTick()-TimeType->TimeStart) >= TimeType->TimeInter);
   }
   
   

3. 创建software_Time.h文件

   /*
    * software_Time.h
    *
    *  Created on: 2020年4月10日
    *      Author: champion
    */
   
   #ifndef INC_SOFTWARE_TIME_H_
   #define INC_SOFTWARE_TIME_H_
   
   #include "stdint.h"
   
   
   typedef struct
   {
       uint32_t TimeStart;//获取起始时间
       uint32_t TimeInter;//间隔时间
   }TIME_TYPE_ST;
   
   void SetTime(TIME_TYPE_ST *TimeType,uint32_t TimeInter);//打开超时定时器
   uint32_t CompareTime(TIME_TYPE_ST *TimeType);//比较函数
   
   #endif /* INC_SOFTWARE_TIME_H_ */

4. main.c文件

   /* USER CODE END Header */
   
   /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
   #include "main.h"
   #include "usart.h"
   #include "gpio.h"
   
   /* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
   /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
   #include "stdio.h"
   #include "software_Time.h"
   
   /* USER CODE END Includes */
   
   /* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
   /* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
   
   /* USER CODE END PTD */
   
   /* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
   /* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
   /* USER CODE END PD */
   
   /* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
   /* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
   
   /* USER CODE END PM */
   
   /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
   
   /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
   static TIME_TYPE_ST TimeLED;
   static TIME_TYPE_ST TimePrint_1;
   static TIME_TYPE_ST TimePrint_2;
   
   /* USER CODE END PV */
   
   /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
   void SystemClock_Config(void);
   /* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
   
   /* USER CODE END PFP */
   
   /* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
   /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
   
   /* USER CODE END 0 */
   
   /**
     * @brief  The application entry point.
     * @retval int
     */
   int main(void)
   {
     /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
   
     /* USER CODE END 1 */
   
     /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
   
     /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
     HAL_Init();
   
     /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
   
     /* USER CODE END Init */
   
     /* Configure the system clock */
     SystemClock_Config();
   
     /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
   
     /* USER CODE END SysInit */
   
     /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
     MX_GPIO_Init();
     MX_LPUART1_UART_Init();
     MX_USART1_UART_Init();
     /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
     
   
     /* USER CODE END 2 */
   
     /* Infinite loop */
     /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
     while (1)
     {
   	  if(CompareTime(&TimeLED))
   	  {
   		 SetTime(&TimeLED, 500);	//500ms
   		 HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED_GPIO_Port, LED_Pin);
   	  }
   
   	  if(CompareTime(&TimePrint_1))
   	  {
   		 SetTime(&TimePrint_1, 1000);	//1s打印
   		 printf("TimePrint_1s \r\n");
   	  }
   
   	  if(CompareTime(&TimePrint_2))
   	  {
   		 SetTime(&TimePrint_2, 2000);	//2s打印
   		 printf("TimePrint_2s \r\n");
   	  }
       /* USER CODE END WHILE */
   
       /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
     }
     /* USER CODE END 3 */
   }
   

5. 运行效果
   
   
   
   总结：通过结果可以看出，是可以模拟出多任务处理的机制，其实也就是时间片轮法形式的多线程任务。