springdata jpa查询之jpql查询引入

新建数据库表

CREATE TABLE cst_customer (
cust_id BIGINT(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '客户编号(主键)',
cust_name VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户名称(公司名称)',
cust_source VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户信息来源',
cust_industry VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户所属行业',
cust_level VARCHAR (32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户级别',
cust_address VARCHAR (128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户联系地址',
cust_phone VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '客户联系电话',
PRIMARY KEY (`cust_id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>jpa-02</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- hibernate beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate end -->

        <!-- c3p0 beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- c3p0 end -->

        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->


        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- el end -->
    </dependencies>



</project>

在resources编写applicationContext.xml的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

    <!--spring 和 spring data jpa的配置-->

    <!-- 1.创建entityManagerFactory对象交给spring容器管理-->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

        <!--配置的扫描的包（实体类所在的包） -->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.feng.pojo"/>

        <!-- jpa的实现厂家 -->
        <property name="persistenceProvider">
            <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"></bean>
        </property>

        <!--JPA的供应商适配器-->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <!--配置是否自动创建数据库表 -->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="false" />

                <!--指定数据库类型 -->
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL" />

                <!--数据库方言：支持的特有语法 -->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />

                <!--是否显示sql -->
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
            </bean>
        </property>

        <!--jpa的方言 ：高级的特性 -->
        <property name="jpaDialect">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
        </property>

    </bean>

    <!--2.创建数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8" />
        <property name="user" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="123456" />
    </bean>


    <!-- 3.整合spring data jpa-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.feng.dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
                      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory">

    </jpa:repositories>

    <!-- 4.事务管理器-->
    <!-- JPA事务管理器  -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    </bean>


    <!-- 5. 配置包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.feng"/>
</beans>

编写实体类

package com.feng.pojo;

import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * @Author weidaiyong
 * @Date 2020/4/10 20:05
 * @Version 1.0
 */

/**
 * 1.实体类和表的映射关系
 *      @Eitity
 *      @Table
 * 2.类中属性和表中字段的映射关系
 *      @Id
 *      @GeneratedValue
 *      @Column
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer")
public class Customer {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "cust_id")
    private Long custId;
    @Column(name = "cust_address")
    private String custAddress;
    @Column(name = "cust_industry")
    private String custIndustry;
    @Column(name = "cust_level")
    private String custLevel;
    @Column(name = "cust_name")
    private String custName;
    @Column(name = "cust_phone")
    private String custPhone;
    @Column(name = "cust_source")
    private String custSource;

    public Long getCustId() {
        return custId;
    }

    public void setCustId(Long custId) {
        this.custId = custId;
    }

    public String getCustAddress() {
        return custAddress;
    }

    public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
        this.custAddress = custAddress;
    }

    public String getCustIndustry() {
        return custIndustry;
    }

    public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
        this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
    }

    public String getCustLevel() {
        return custLevel;
    }

    public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
        this.custLevel = custLevel;
    }

    public String getCustName() {
        return custName;
    }

    public void setCustName(String custName) {
        this.custName = custName;
    }

    public String getCustPhone() {
        return custPhone;
    }

    public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
        this.custPhone = custPhone;
    }

    public String getCustSource() {
        return custSource;
    }

    public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
        this.custSource = custSource;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "custId=" + custId +
                ", custAddress='" + custAddress + '\'' +
                ", custIndustry='" + custIndustry + '\'' +
                ", custLevel='" + custLevel + '\'' +
                ", custName='" + custName + '\'' +
                ", custPhone='" + custPhone + '\'' +
                ", custSource='" + custSource + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

编写dao层

package com.feng.dao;

import com.feng.pojo.Customer;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author weidaiyong
 * @Date 2020/4/10 20:26
 * @Version 1.0
 */

/**
 * 符合SpringDataJpa的dao层接口规范
 *      JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型，实体类中主键属性的类型>
 *          * 封装了基本CRUD操作
 *      JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>
 *          * 封装了复杂查询（分页）
 */
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer,Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {


    /**
     * 案例：根据客户名称查询客户
     *      使用jpql的形式查询
     *  jpql：from Customer where custName = ?
     *
     *  配置jpql语句，使用的@Query注解
     */
    @Query(value="from Customer where custName = ?")
    public Customer findJpql(String custName);

    /**
     * 案例：根据客户名称和客户id查询客户
     *      jpql： from Customer where custName = ? and custId = ?
     *
     *  对于多个占位符参数
     *      赋值的时候，默认的情况下，占位符的位置需要和方法参数中的位置保持一致
     *
     *  可以指定占位符参数的位置
     *      ? 索引的方式，指定此占位的取值来源
     */
    @Query(value = "from Customer where custId = ? and custName=?")
    public Customer findCustNameAndId(String name,Long id);
    /*@Query(value = "from Customer where custName = ?2 and custId = ?1")
    public Customer findCustNameAndId(Long id,String name);*/


    /**
     * 使用jpql完成更新操作
     *      案例 ： 根据id更新，客户的名称
     *          更新4号客户的名称，将名称改为“黑马程序员”
     *
     *  sql  ：update cst_customer set cust_name = ? where cust_id = ?
     *  jpql : update Customer set custName = ? where custId = ?
     *
     *  @Query : 代表的是进行查询
     *      * 声明此方法是用来进行更新操作
     *  @Modifying
     *      * 当前执行的是一个更新操作
     *
     */
    @Query(value = " update Customer set custName = ?2 where custId = ?1 ")
    @Modifying
    public void updateCustomer(long custId,String custName);

    /**
     * 使用sql的形式查询：
     *     查询全部的客户
     *  sql ： select * from cst_customer;
     *  Query : 配置sql查询
     *      value ： sql语句
     *      nativeQuery ： 查询方式
     *          true ： sql查询
     *          false：jpql查询
     *
     */
    //@Query(value = "select * from cst_customer",nativeQuery = true)
    @Query(value = "select * from cst_customer where cust_name like ?1",nativeQuery = true)
    public List<Object []> findSql(String name);

    /**
     * 方法名的约定：
     *      findBy : 查询
     *            对象中的属性名（首字母大写） ： 查询的条件
     *            CustName
     *            * 默认情况 ： 使用 等于的方式查询
     *                  特殊的查询方式
     *
     *  findByCustName   --   根据客户名称查询
     *
     *  再springdataJpa的运行阶段
     *          会根据方法名称进行解析  findBy    from  xxx(实体类)
     *                                      属性名称      where  custName =
     *
     *      1.findBy  + 属性名称 （根据属性名称进行完成匹配的查询=）
     *      2.findBy  + 属性名称 + “查询方式（Like | isnull）”
     *          findByCustNameLike
     *      3.多条件查询
     *          findBy + 属性名 + “查询方式”   + “多条件的连接符（and|or）”  + 属性名 + “查询方式”
     */
    public Customer findByCustName(String custName);

    public List<Customer> findByCustNameLike(String custName);

    //使用客户名称模糊匹配和客户所属行业精准匹配的查询
    public Customer findByCustNameLikeAndCustIndustry(String custName,String custIndustry);
}

编写测试类

package com.feng;

import com.feng.dao.CustomerDao;
import com.feng.pojo.Customer;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author weidaiyong
 * @Date 2020/4/11 13:03
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //声明spring提供的单元测试环境
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")//指定spring容器的配置信息
public class JpqlTest {

    @Autowired
    private CustomerDao customerDao;

    @Test
    public void  testFindJPQL() {
        Customer customer = customerDao.findJpql("传智播客");
        System.out.println(customer);
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindCustNameAndId(){

        Customer customer = customerDao.findCustNameAndId("小码哥", 5l);

        System.out.println(customer);
    }


    /**
     * 测试jpql的更新操作
     *  * springDataJpa中使用jpql完成 更新/删除操作
     *         * 需要手动添加事务的支持
     *         * 默认会执行结束之后，回滚事务
     *   @Rollback : 设置是否自动回滚
     *          false | true
     */
    @Test
    @Transactional//添加事务的支持
    @Rollback(value = false)
    public void testUpdate(){

        customerDao.updateCustomer(5l,"千峰");
    }


    //测试sql查询
    @Test
    public void testFindSql(){

        List<Object[]> objects = customerDao.findSql("传智播客%");

        for (Object[] object : objects) {

            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(object));
        }
    }

    //测试方法命名规则的查询
    @Test
    public void testNaming() {
        Customer customer = customerDao.findByCustName("传智播客");
        System.out.println(customer);
    }

    //测试方法命名规则的查询
    @Test
    public void testFindByCustNameLike() {
        List<Customer> list = customerDao.findByCustNameLike("传智播客%");
        for (Customer customer : list) {
            System.out.println(customer);
        }
    }


    //测试方法命名规则的查询
    @Test
    public void testFindByCustNameLikeAndCustIndustry() {
        Customer customer = customerDao.findByCustNameLikeAndCustIndustry("传智播客%", "西部开源");
        System.out.println(customer);
    }


}